Read a poem in a solar term? Grain in Ear

the order should be the best, and the farmers should be planted in the sky.

Shu branch is neat, stop watching Sandy.

Li He heard the song, and planted it in front of the drums.

once a thousand hectares, a long day is like a year.

awn seed is the solar term for transplanting rice. What this poem describes is the scene of farmers transplanting rice before and after the awn seeds. The author who wrote this poem "Transplanting Rice" was one of the most unlikely people in the world to transplant rice at that time.

who? Yongzheng emperor.

don't know him well? Yin Zhen, the fourth son of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, was the Prince of Harmony.

still don't know him well? Later, yongzheng emperor was the father of Emperor Qianlong.

still don't know him well? All right. In the TV series Empresses in the Palace, Sun Li's husband, the first hero played by Chen Jianbin.

now, are you ripe?

when the season is ripe, the farmers will plant rice in the sky: when the season is ripe, it is the time for farmers to plant rice.

Shu's branch was neat, and the movie stopped. Sandy: Soon, the planted seedlings were separated into neat rows, and when they stood there, they saw a lush scene.

Li He heard the song, and before planting the drums, everyone took the song as the signal, and Qi Xin worked together. Before the drums sounded, the fields were full of seedlings.

once a thousand hectares, a long day is like a year: now it is the longest day in a year. According to this working momentum, we can plant thousands of hectares of rice fields in one day.

This poem by yongzheng emperor is about transplanting rice seedlings. And including this poem "Transplanting Rice Seedlings", he wrote 23 poems that are similar to the performance of farming.

these 23 poems are entitled soaking seeds, ploughing, harrowing, driving, planting seedlings, first planting, silting up, pulling out seedlings, transplanting, first planting, second planting and third planting.

Twenty-three poems are connected in series, including soaking seeds, transplanting seedlings, ploughing and irrigation, harvesting ears, sieving, entering a rice barn, and offering sacrifices to the gods. The whole process is a complete process of rice cultivation.

in addition to 23 poems about ploughing, Yin Zhen also wrote 23 other poems about the complete process of textile, such as Bathing Silkworms, Picking Mulberries, Choosing Cocoons, Weaving and Cutting Clothes.

In fact, Yin Zhen's poetic prosperity this time is due to the fact that every labor link of the above farming and weaving has pictures. He wrote these 46 poems for these pictures. Each picture is accompanied by a poem, with a total of 46 pictures and 46 poems, which are called "Twenty-three Ploughing Pictures" and "Twenty-three Weaving Pictures". Roughly speaking, it is equivalent to the picture books and comic books we have seen.

transplanting rice seedlings is the tenth poem in Twenty-three Ploughing Pictures.

It should be noted that there are two versions of the poem "Transplanting Rice" that we saw today, and the difference is quite big. For example, in the first sentence, in the original picture of the Palace Museum, we can clearly see that it is "the phenology is like a mango, a farmer or a field"; However, in the "Imperial Examination of Timing" collected in the Qing Dynasty's "Wen Yuan Ge Si Ku Quan Shu", it has become "the preface is like a mango, and the farmer is inserted into the sky."

How can there be two different versions of the same poem "Transplanting Rice", 1. and 2.? Obviously, "Twenty-three Ploughing Maps" came out first, and it was version 1.; "Imperial Examination" came out later, which is an upgraded version of 2.. Considering that Yin Zhen first became a prince and then an emperor, no one dared to change his poems. Then, the greatest possibility of the 2. version of the poem "Transplanting Rice" that we see today is that he himself later revised and polished the poem.

Among the other 45 poems, there are many titles with the same 2. upgrade.

From the poem "Transplanting Rice Seedlings", we can also see that Yin Zhen, an old man, likes to use overlapping words when writing poems. For example, "Zheng" and "Sandy" in "Shu Branch Zheng, stop watching Sandy".

In fact, not only the poem "Transplanting Rice", but also Yin Zhen's 46 poems "Plowing and Weaving Pictures", one * * * uses reduplication for 5 times! For example, "Four hooves listen to the living, ten hectares look at each other" in Yi Yun, "Full of rain and slender, with soft leaves", and "A charming girl sleeps and chirps in autumn insects" in Weaving.

judging from the use of reduplication, Yin Zhen is not a vulgar poet. He clearly knows that proper use of reduplicated words can not only make poetry catchy and full of melodic beauty, but also make poetry more accurate and vivid in writing landscapes.

From the 46 poems of "Plowing and Weaving Pictures", it can be seen that although Yin Zhen is an expensive prince, he is unlikely to personally engage in farming and weaving in practice, but he is very familiar with each specific link of farming and weaving in theory. Moreover, we can also see from the poem that Yin Zhen praised farming and cherished food and clothes.

I

When I wrote the poem "Transplanting Rice", Yin Zhen was already the Prince Yong of the Qing Dynasty.

And when he wrote "Plowing and Weaving Poems", he had to find someone to draw pictures and compose poems himself. As a prince, he worked so hard and worked hard. Why?

of course, it can be understood that he has a strong thought of attaching importance to agriculture, worrying about agriculture, loving agriculture and being pro-agriculture, so he did this. However, I devoted myself to writing 46 poems just because I value agriculture, care about agriculture, love agriculture and love agriculture. As a prince, it seems a bit too grand.

To find the real reason, we have to go back to the historical scene where Yin Zhen was at that time. We must first find out what was the biggest and most important thing that Yin Zhen, the prince of harmony in the Qing Dynasty, thought about being here, being absent or forgetting before he became emperor.

This incident, spread by Mr. Er Yuehe's masterpiece yongzheng emperor, is now known all over the world: seizing the office.

yes, Yin Zhen, the prince of Yong, wrote these 46 poems of "ploughing and weaving pictures". To put it bluntly, he was still trying to seize the office.

"Plowing and Weaving Poems" was created in the critical period of seizing the office.

On every farming and weaving map, there are seals of "Prince Yong's Treasure" and "Dust-breaking Lay Man". These two seals show that Yin Zhen was still Prince Yong when he wrote "Plowing and Weaving Poems".

The two seals also reveal the time information of the creation of "Plowing and Weaving Poems". "The Worldbreaker" is Yin Zhen's own name, and it stopped being used after he ascended the throne. This is the upper limit of the creation time of "farming and weaving poetry"; Yin Zhen was named Prince Yong in the forty-eighth year of Kangxi. This is the lower limit of the creation time of "Plowing and Weaving Poems".

In addition, all the poems of Yin Zhen's life are included in two collections of poems: the poems written before he ascended the throne are included in the Collection of Yong Di, and the poems written after he ascended the throne are included in the Collection of Siyitang.

In the catalogue of Yong Di Ji, Twenty-three Ploughing Pictures and Twenty-three Weaving Pictures rank behind the poem "Ode to the Life of the Imperial Father and Imperial Emperor at the 6th Anniversary", which shows that the poem "Ploughing and Weaving Pictures" was written after Yuan Day in the 6th year of Kangxi (AD 1721) and on November 13th in the 61st year (AD 1722). Plotting the ploughing map, because it takes a long time, may be drawn between the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (AD 179) and the sixty years (AD 1721).

this is a crucial period when the struggle for office is in full swing. Yin Yong, the first crown prince of Kangxi, was deposed in September in the forty-seventh year of Kangxi (AD 178), re-established in March in the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (AD 179) and deposed again in October in the fifty-first year of Kangxi (AD 1712). Around the abolition of Yin Reng, other princes, including Yin Zhen, accelerated the pace of seizing the office.

Of course, we can't say that Yin Zhen succeeded in seizing the office by dedicating "Plowing and Weaving Poems" to his father Kangxi. However, we can see from the incident of "Plowing and Weaving Poems" that he was clever in his mind and brilliant in his struggle to seize the office.

1. Yin Zhen created and presented "Poems of Plowing and Weaving Pictures" to his father, Emperor Kangxi, which ingeniously appealed to Kangxi's thoughts of governing the country by attaching importance to agriculture and being pro-agriculture.

Kangxi, that's true. In this respect, among the emperors of past dynasties, he was an outstanding performer.

As an emperor, he not only personally offered sacrifices to the Xiannongtan for many times, but also really cultivated land:

In the forty-first year of Kangxi (AD 172), Kangxi visited Boye (Boye, Hebei), south of Gyeonggi. When passing through a field, Kangxi personally plowed an acre of cultivated land, and as many as 1, people came to see the news. At that time, Li Guangdi, the governor of Zhili, who accompanied the inspection, wrote a special article to help Ji Jisheng.

Since ancient times, there have been many emperors who talk about being pro-agriculture and attaching importance to agriculture, but only a handful of emperors like Kangxi really know how to do farm work.

If Kangxi personally plowed and cultivated land in public, it is suspected to be a show, then it took him ten years to introduce excellent rice seeds from the south of the Yangtze River, and finally succeeded in planting them in Yuquan Mountain in the west of Beijing, leaving a rice variety, intangible cultural heritage and Chinese geographical indication products of the Ministry of Agriculture in Haidian District of Beijing today, so it is unlikely to be a show.

The rice introduced by Kangxi was a great success in the fifty-third year of Kangxi (AD 1714): "There are 15 hectares and more than 9 mu of official paddy fields in Yuquan Mountain, including 92 hectares and 9 mu of paddy fields in Jinhe, Man Zi Camp, Liulangzhuang, Shenghua Temple, Quanzong Temple, Sorghum Bridge, the west bank of the Yangtze River, Shijingshan, Heilongtan and the north of Nanyuan." From then on, the rice called "Imperial Rice" and later "Jingxi Rice" became the main source of imperial rice in the Qing Dynasty.

There is such a father who values agriculture and is pro-agriculture, and his son, Yin Zhen, presents "Plowing and Weaving Poems". Is it an itch?

Second, Yin Zhen created and presented "Poems of Plowing and Weaving Pictures" to his father Kangxi, cleverly expressing that if he had the opportunity to succeed to the throne, he would follow suit and continue Kangxi's policy of attaching importance to agriculture and being pro-agriculture.

It turns out that Kangxi also ordered someone to draw a Plough and Weave Map, and he himself wrote a Plow and Weave Map Poetry.

It turns out that the creative right of "Plowing and Weaving Poems", which expresses farming activities in the form of comic books, is not in Yin Zhen or Kangxi.

this initiative belongs to a county magistrate of Yuqian County (Lin 'an, Zhejiang Province) named Lou Ai in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1133), Loulai county magistrate first drew 45 Ploughing and Weaving Pictures, including 21 ploughing pictures and 24 weaving pictures, each of which was accompanied by a five-character poem. After Lou Ai completed the first "Ploughing and Weaving Poem" in history, she presented it to Song Gaozong and won a promotion award. Her works were also declared to the harem and passed down to later generations.

Lou Ai's "Ploughing and Weaving Picture Poem" is called "the earliest picture scroll in China that completely records the weaving of men and women", "the earliest complete set of image materials produced by agriculture and mulberry in China", "the world's first agricultural popular science picture album", "the most beautiful and valuable picture document in the farming era" and "a great pioneering work that reflects the working process of agriculture and mulberry with the artistic expression of painting and poetry".

After Lou Ai's "Ploughing and Weaving Poems", there were similar versions in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, but their attention was not as good as that in Qing Dynasty.

During Kangxi's southern tour in the 28th year (AD 1689), scholars in the south of the Yangtze River presented a copy of "Plowing and Weaving Poems". After Kangxi brought it back to Beijing, he ordered Jiao Bingzhen, a court painter, to redraw it according to the map. It took seven years to draw it in the thirty-fifth year (AD 1696).

Kangxi's version of "Ploughing and Weaving Poems" was written by Kangxi himself with a preface and a poem, which was published in the thirty-eighth year (AD 1699) and presented to the princes to strengthen their education on agriculture. Yin Zhen himself recalled that "Yu Xi served Fengze Garden and was awarded".

Maybe from the day when he was given the gift, Yin Zhen saw that his father Kangxi attached so much importance to "farming and weaving poems with pictures", and he moved the idea of doing things with "farming and weaving poems with pictures" and trying his best to please his father. In the critical period when the struggle to seize the office was in full swing, Yin Zhen finally released a long-planned big trick.

Yin Zhen didn't simply copy and imitate, but made innovations through inheritance.

It is inherited that Kangxi has 46 pictures, and he also has 46 pictures; Kangxi prefaces, and he makes a postscript; Kangxi wrote his own poems, and so did he. "The master follows suit, and the master follows suit". Gee, what a good son who "deeply bows to me".

One of the innovations is that Kangxi is a black-and-white comic book, and he is a color comic book. Kangxi's Plough-Weaving Picture is a black-and-white version painted by Jiao Bingzhen, a court painter, while Yin Zhen's Plow-Weaving Picture is a color version painted by an unknown painter-a colored silk picture. Unfortunately, the painter who drew color comic books for Yin Zhen failed to leave his name despite his superb painting skills. To be sure, Yin Zhen didn't draw it himself. He didn't have such a high level of painting.

the second innovation is that Kangxi matched a seven-character poem and he matched a five-character poem. For example, in the picture of Transplanting Rice, the seven-character poem written by Kangxi is: "A thousand beds of Shui Ze are in full swing, and when new plants are planted, they are afraid of the future. The Asian people work together, and it is not too late to go home in the next month. " Correspondingly, Yin Zhen wrote this poem "Transplanting Rice". Although the two poems say the same thing, they are not far apart.

Third, Yin Zhen wrote and presented a poem of "Plowing and Weaving Pictures" to his father Kangxi, cleverly expressing that if he had no chance to succeed to the throne, he would plow his fields and retire to the countryside, be a vassal king who kept his place, and even become a farmer.

how did Yin Zhen do this?

It's very simple. He went on stage in person and gave a desperate performance: he asked the painter to paint himself as a farmer in the "Plough Weaving Map" and his Fujin (that is, his wife) as a weaver in the "Plow Weaving Map"!

In other words, in the 46 pictures of Yin Zhen's Plough Weaving Map, Yin Zhen and his Fujin appear in almost every picture, and they are basically the protagonists.

In other words, when the Yin Zhen version of Ploughing and Weaving Map was delivered to father Kangxi, Kangxi saw that his four sons were soaking seeds, plowing, harrowing, transplanting, irrigating and harvesting. At the same time, Kangxi saw that his fourth daughter-in-law was bathing silkworms, picking mulberry, choosing cocoons, knitting and cutting clothes.

I have to point out that in the fierce power struggle, it is quite risky to deliberately let your true image appear in a portrait or a photo, which is a risky move. Because these portraits or photos, regardless of the political effect at that time, are hard to modify afterwards, and are likely to be interpreted by political opponents in another way, thus putting themselves in a disadvantageous position.

So, in this struggle for power, after the "Plowing and Weaving Map" starring Yin Zhen and his wife was presented to the father and made public, how will it be interpreted by all kinds of people?

Yin Zhen's first consideration is the interpretation of his father Kangxi.

As a father and emperor, what kind of inner feelings would Kangxi have when he saw this scene after scene? The history books did not leave Kangxi's emotional reaction when he saw Yin Zhen and his wife in the "Ploughing and Weaving Map", let alone his inner feelings. But we might as well guess.

first of all, I am naturally happy. I am pro-agriculture, and my fourth son and daughter-in-law understand their own thoughts and learn to be pro-agriculture. In any case, this is a good thing to be happy about.

secondly, novelty, of course. His son's daughter-in-law, a celestial nobleman, has never done anything.