How does Buddhism understand music?

How does Buddhism understand music? Buddhist music originated in the Vedic period in India, and the Buddha formulated Buddhism according to the Dharma Veda, which described the singing method of Rigveda, meaning chanting, to facilitate the collection of Buddhism. Buddhist music is called Sanskrit, also known as Bai Fan. Brahma, from Hindi, is short for Brahma. According to the Buddha's Light Dictionary: "Brahma is pure." "White, and white hide, Shiva, Shiva. Free translation means to stop and enjoy. It rises with the rhyme, and it can be contracted into a song, which is the sound of irony. It is the law of Brahma, so it is called Brahma. " The development of Chinese Buddhist music began with Fish Mountain (and Fairy Religion) written by Chen and Cao Zhi. Brahma means "purity" in Indian. Bai is the abbreviation of "Bai Ni" in Hindi, which means to praise or sing. There are also praise for whitening, Sanskrit, chanting, Buddhist songs, Buddhist music and so on. , is an ode that Buddhists (especially their family members or hosts) sing, support, stop and worship in front of Buddhists and Bodhisattvas when holding religious ceremonies. The abbreviation of later Bai Fan's Fish Mountain Bai Fan generally refers to traditional Buddhist music. (The registered logo shows that "seeing Buddha when flowers bloom" is two pieces of green "lotus leaves" that hold up the wooden fish to purify people's hearts and release the beautiful "Buddha's light" of a strange rainbow. On the halo, the staff rhyme of "there is no Amitabha in the south" appears. The notes have a taste of "Xiao He only shows sharp corners, and dragonflies have long stood on his head"; As a whole, it constitutes an auspicious "wishful lotus" that embraces the world from January to January. Brahma, the symbol of Buddha's "telling the truth", resounds through the truth of purifying the whole universe, which is precisely "one flower, one world, one voice and one Buddha". Those who are pure-minded, auspicious and complete, and "lend flowers to offer Buddha" should be supported. )

How do you understand the artistic characteristics of music because it brings people feelings, feelings under different emotions! The melody of music is composed of lines, and the rhythm and combination of each note form a pleasant melody. For different situations, different note combinations can be used to express them. So when we don't know what the theme is, we can listen to strange music and feel what the music situation is like through melody, and these note combinations that can impress us are absolutely in line with people's auditory senses.

How to understand this phenomenon of music? How to enjoy music? The most important function of music is to express emotions. I am very involved in listening to music, because I can't appreciate the beauty of music without being involved. Impetuously listening to the melody of music can only make you tired of music soon. When you can be moved to tears by music emotion, you are already a real music lover.

How to understand the tonality and mode of music We often hear musical terms such as "mode" and "tonality", such as piano concerto in A major and symphony in G minor. But this concept of "mode" is the most difficult to understand. Compared with rhythm and melody, it seems to be the farthest from our auditory experience. But in music, this element is ubiquitous, so we still need to understand and perceive it as much as possible with the help of theory.

A, mode (mode)

Mode is a group of notes used as pitch material in music creation. Theoretically, this group of notes is arranged in the form of scales, and different arrangements and different relationships of notes constitute different modes.

No matter in major or minor, the first sound is the most authoritative and stable, and it is called tonic or alto. Less important than it is the "subordinate tone" counting five degrees up from the tonic and the "subordinate tone" counting four degrees up from the tonic (called the subordinate tone because it is located five degrees down from the tonic). The tonic and the subordinate tones are just like the two ministers of the tonic, playing an auxiliary role in the tonic, and the rest of the tones are in a more secondary position. If we say it carefully, in this small kingdom composed of seven tones, each tone has its unique value and function, or has its own characteristics, but they must all obey the overall interests, which is the order in the world of major.

Besides the difference of tonic, it should also be noted that the specific structures of major and minor are different. This is mainly reflected in the layout of semitone and whole tone.

No matter in major or minor, the first sound is the most authoritative and stable, and it is called tonic or alto. Less important than it is the "subordinate tone" counting five degrees up from the tonic and the "subordinate tone" counting four degrees up from the tonic (called the subordinate tone because it is located five degrees down from the tonic). The tonic and the subordinate tones are just like the two ministers of the tonic, playing an auxiliary role in the tonic, and the rest of the tones are in a more secondary position. If we say it carefully, in this small kingdom composed of seven tones, each tone has its unique value and function, or has its own characteristics, but they must all obey the overall interests, which is the order in the world of major.

Besides the difference of tonic, it should also be noted that the specific structures of major and minor are different. This is mainly reflected in the layout of semitone and whole tone.

Semitones and whole tones are different "intervals"-the so-called interval refers to the distance between the two tones. The interval between Do and Re is a whole tone, including two semitones, while the distance between Me and Fa is only one semitone. It is the smallest unit on keyboard instruments (it can be subdivided into smaller units on stringed instruments), and it is also the smallest unit in our usual musical concept. As can be seen from the above two spectral examples, in different scales, the positions of semitone and whole tone are different, that is to say, the internal structures of major and minor are different. Please refer to the knowledge of music theory about these, so I won't elaborate here.

How can I feel whether listening is major or minor? The easiest way is to listen to the end of a piece of music or a song. From the melody point of view, it is often the tonic that ends the whole song, because it is the most stable, and this sense of stability can cause obvious cohesion, just like the period we use when writing articles (occasionally there are exceptions, the composer deliberately stops the music on other sounds other than the tonic, resulting in unfinished business and lingering effects). In addition, generally speaking, major is clearer, because the main chord in the major tonic is a major triad (do, mi, sol), while the main chord in minor is a minor chord (la, do, mi) with a slightly darker color.

For music appreciators, the most important thing is to understand how composers use mode as a musical element to express their thoughts or feelings. Let's take the famous song "Bodhi Tree" by Austrian composer Schubert as an example, which is selected from the vocal suite "Winter Journey". In this song, it shows a man who was abandoned by his lover and wandered lonely in a foreign land, recalling the dense bodhi tree in front of his hometown and having a complicated mood when he was happy. The first sentence of the lyrics is: "there is a bodhi tree in front of the door, which grows by the ancient well." In its shade, I had countless beautiful dreams. I have also carved sweet poems on the trunk. Whether I am happy or painful, I often linger under the tree. " This is the wandering memory of the warm past. Schubert wrote this passage in e major, and the overall timbre is warm and bright. Next, the lyrics changed from warm memories to sad reality. The tramp sang, "Today, as in the past, I wandered late into the night. I walked in the dark and closed my eyes. " The artistic conception of these words is bleak, so the composer changed the music accordingly. The melody outline just now is basically preserved, but the mode has changed from e major to e minor. The use of mode here is very wonderful, and its bright, dark, warm and desolate sound contrast is very suitable for the change of artistic conception of lyrics. In the second half of this paragraph, the artistic conception of the lyrics becomes warm again: "I seem to hear the leaves calling softly to me: companion, come back to me and find peace!" " So the composer asked the two phrases here to return from E minor to E major:

Major and minor have different meanings in artistic expression. Composers often choose a major to write clear and magnificent music, showing relaxed and happy, heroic spirit and military demeanor. Write tragic or melancholy music in minor to express pain and sadness, feelings for children, lingering love, etc.

Learning the theoretical knowledge of music is the premise of understanding music, right?

Music is divided into seven tones: C, D, E, F, G, A, B. (You will often hear people who play music together say that this piece is in D, and that's what they are talking about. )

C, d, e, f, g, a, b, translated into do, re mi, fa, so, la, ci.

The so-called c key: it means playing do and singing do.

The so-called d key is to play re and sing do.

The so-called e-key: it means playing mi and singing do.

And so on.

French singing (voice)

G: the G:do key is sung like this.

A: Sing and do one.

Say b: the words are sung all over)

If we sing a tune in E now, you must first find out the form of the tune. The e key, (c, d, e, f, g, a, B/do, Re, Mi, FA, SO, La, CI) E is mi, so you can find the usual mi on the piano, and then you can sing it as homophonic do and play it.

It should be simple enough for me to say this. I didn't even mention the technical terms. On the piano, the keys are white (do), black and white (re), black and white (mi), white (fa), black and white (so), black and white (la), black and white (ci), then white, black and white, right ~ ~ This is the most basic C major! Think slowly as I said above. You will know a little about F major and G key.

Beat, melody, let's not talk about it today If we talk too much, you will be confused.

Three-quarters is a beat.

It means four beats per bar, with three quarter notes and four quarter notes as one beat respectively.

Draw a horizontal line under the two notes, indicating that the two notes * * * sing a beat. ..

How does Buddhism understand lovers and boyfriends? Continuous marriage in previous lives is the cause and effect of reincarnation of life and death.

But Buddhists are not opposed to forming a family. Monks are forbidden to get married and have children, but lay disciples are allowed. Just lay disciples, both men and women, should be respectful and filial, and husband and wife should live in harmony. They should not have sex outside, but keep their duties as husband and wife. Therefore ... there are two kinds of Buddhists, one is a single monk and the other is a married woman.

The characteristics of Buddhist music Generally speaking, Buddhist music is slow and peaceful, with a little taste of folk music, but it is fresh and refined, extraordinary and refined ... There are few ascending and descending tones, mainly pentatonic tones, which are basically C, D, G, F, E, A and B. The beginning and end of the song echo each other from a distance (melody repeats). The differences between songs are mostly in the middle, with a strong sense of rhythm, mainly in 2/4 beats and 4/4 beats. The special 3/4 and 4/6 beats are also like Wutai Mountain songs. It is rare that Buddhist music is widely circulated among the people after it was created by a monk master, and modern folk music is derived from it. Folk music was brought into the temple by lay people, and the masters created it again. Harmony is basically big and mysterious, that is, 1, 3, 5 play together.

How do you understand western classical music? The topic is a bit too big, like "how do you understand love", "how do you understand family" and "how do you understand science" ... if you talk too much, you can write tens of thousands of papers or even books. I like classical music very much. Let me answer briefly. This is my personal understanding and is for reference only.

Western classical music is a complete system, just like a scientific system. Theoretically, it is supported by strong music theory, and its style has developed all the way, and its context is very clear: before Baroque → Baroque → Classical → Romantic → Impressionism → Modern School … This is the most important point of its success. Nowadays, world culture is influenced by the mainstream of western culture, and the most typical western culture is the scientific system. Bring everything into the theoretical framework and sort out its logic and history. Therefore, no matter which field you want to be at the forefront of the world, you should treat it with a scientific system. So now we should rejuvenate the country through science and education and advocate science. Of course, I'm talking about a macro point of view. Integrating classical music is a scientific system, but when it comes to a certain work, composition or appreciation, it cannot be said that it can be calculated from the perspective of scientific pure rationality. The specific details are very emotional and rich.

Western classical music is an independent art, that is to say, writing music is for others to enjoy as works of art, which is essentially different from modern light music and background music. The background music is used as a foil. As long as you take it as the background and listen to it occasionally, you can be in a good mood, so you only need to catch you at the first reaction, and the melody is good. However, classical music is to show itself, so many things it wants to express are integrated into music, that is, to let others listen wholeheartedly instead of being a foil. So you can understand why a composer can spend ten years writing a symphony that is not as good as light music. To express yourself as the protagonist, there must be many changes and things, and a melody that catches people like light music can't do that much.

Western classical music is a serious art. In fact, I don't think the word serious is very good, but I used it when others said so. What is serious? That is, it shows a kind of conflict or unity, is a higher-level philosophical thinking, and discusses the eternal problems that people of any era should pay attention to. For example, about the meaning of life, although music is not a language and has no specific meaning, it has that feeling. For example, when you listen to the Symphony of Destiny, you feel that people have a sense of fatalism and struggle against fate (because of this feeling, Beethoven wrote something similar to "Throwing Destiny", so people later called it, in fact, the original song has no title). What you can feel at once (although you can't say it) is that there are some philosophical thoughts in it. In contrast, fast food culture and pop music under the commercial system are not philosophical and eternal topics, or even if they are expressed, they are superficial, so it is not necessary for people to remember them many years later.

④ Western classical music is a reflection of western culture. The concept of culture is difficult to define. It seems that there is no unified conclusion at present, but we can feel that it is a big and intangible thing, just as human genes determine its appearance and culture determines a nation's way of doing things. Classical music can be said to be a concrete expression of culture. There are many specific manifestations. For example, the big and small tone system embodies the western philosophy of binary opposition, which is a cultural thing; The pentatonic scale of China's music is a relatively harmonious feeling from a physical point of view, with many tones, which are not as obvious as big and small tones, one bright and one dark, one happy and one sad. This shows that China's cultural thought emphasizes the unity of all things. There are still many problems that the landlord can think for himself.

Software that decomposes music, any audio production software can do this ~ ~ just find one ~ such as cool editing.

I don't know the difference between Taoist music and Buddhist music. I have heard Taoist music in Qingcheng Mountain, which is quite ethereal. Compared with Buddhism's low music, I think there is at least one difference between them: Taoism uses silk and bamboo instruments, and few people sing in harmony; Buddha's voice sings more, and it is atmospheric.