A compulsory course in life is to learn how to deal with villains (1).

From the high-ranking big shots to the ordinary people, from the rich to the poor with empty pockets, villains are everywhere. Everyone knows the existence of villains, and everyone knows the difficulty of distinguishing villains. The gentleman is in front, and the villain is behind; On the surface, it is aboveboard and sinister. If you are not careful, you will fall into the trap of a villain. To identify the villain, we must recognize the face and analyze it layer by layer from the outside to the inside.

The world is full of red dust, which can be described as various and spectacular. In ancient China, people killed their relatives and offered fresh meat to please the emperor. In order to crack down on dissidents, there are people who hurt others on trumped-up charges; In order to please the Lord, some people force good girls into prostitutes and offer beautiful women; In order to climb to the top, there are many lies, all of which are false.

In modern times, it is a blessing to bully the weak and fear the hard, to bully the upper and lower, and to fish the people; In order to make huge profits, make fakes and deceive the people; Use power, seize power, do evil ... the world of villains is really varied and varied.

The villain is alive, holding two magic weapons: one sliding and the other patting. These two magic weapons are often very effective, because few people don't like being flattered by others, no matter how powerful or expensive. Flatterers always get more benefits.

1. Aim at the target and kiss the boss's ass.

In order to climb up, Changteng must use foreign objects, so in order to get enough sunshine, it is always calculating which tree to climb along. Usually, it will choose a big tree, because the small tree can't guarantee it to get sunshine safely for a long time, and once it reaches a certain height, the tree can't meet its requirements, so it will abandon it without stint and climb from this branch to another tree.

In order to get sunshine, it will continue to choose, give up and climb. Like Chang Teng, the villain must make a choice: who should rely on? In other words, who is the most trustworthy object? Indeed, it is very difficult to make the right choice.

The political situation is turbulent, treacherous and changeable, all kinds of forces are changeable and intrigued, coupled with people's ulterior motives and impermanence, it is difficult for even an intellectual superman to estimate who will share weal and woe, where and when they will be humiliated.

However, villains often have superb ability to guess people's hearts and are naturally sensitive to power. Just like sharks are sensitive to sniffing blood, they will use this advantage to choose the best person. Because only power can bring them the satisfaction of life desire. As long as the distribution of power changes, the villain will not hesitate to abandon the Lord.

Therefore, it is relative for villains to follow their attached objects. If the master's strength is still reliable, they will naturally "not change their original intention." Once they find that the owner's position is in jeopardy and the building will collapse, they will naturally sing "You and I are the same as the forest birds, and we will fly separately in the face of disaster", and even secretly put an arrow behind their backs and invite the new owner to come for help.

Knowing this, we will find that young people find and follow a dependent object that they think is very reliable, based on their judgment of power and stability.

2. Read the boss's mind and meet the boss's requirements.

Society has a division of labor, management and a superior-subordinate relationship. Under the management of others, you must bow your head and obey control. The boss's mood is directly related to the future and destiny of his subordinates. The villain obviously knows this, and he is convinced that all kinds of people have their weaknesses. As long as you aim at their key points, flatter them actively, make him happy and make him dizzy, your requirements will be met.

(1) Be a worm in the boss's stomach

Psychology believes that when people's opinions and viewpoints are consistent, they will affirm each other, and on the contrary, they will deny each other. Therefore, those sycophants always carefully figure out his preferences before flattering his boss, and then try to cater to him and satisfy his desires.

Even better, some flatterers not only pay special attention to their flatterers, but also take the lead in saying what the boss wants to say but doesn't, doing what he wants to do but doesn't, showing great initiative. This is a master of flattery and the boss's favorite role.

Dai, a theorist of Chiang Kai-shek, is a worm-like villain.

Dai was crazy all his life and did many strange things, but he was proficient in politics, good at figuring out the meaning and understanding Chiang Kai-shek. He always helped Chiang Kai-shek at critical moments, so he was invincible in the officialdom of the Republic of China.

After the peaceful settlement of the Xi Incident, Chiang Kai-shek decided to resign as Prime Minister at the Third Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang. All parties believe that Song Ziwen has contributed to saving Chiang Kai-shek, and only the Prime Minister is the only one.

Sure enough, Chiang Kai-shek elected Song Ziwen as his successor, and no one objected. Only Dai stood up and said, "Comrade, a great talent, will be entrusted with an important task by the party and the state in the future. However, in today's situation, the world will think that the chairman used the famous national equipment as a personal reward and that Comrade Wen Zi's birth is not the way to love Wen Zi. "

This impassioned speech was open and irrefutable, which made Song Ziwen laugh and cry. He lost his position as prime minister in vain.

Dai's words didn't agree with Chiang Kai-shek's. Chiang Kai-shek didn't want Song Ziwen to become a mountain, because Song Ziwen was talented and influential in Britain and America, and he didn't want to obey Chiang Kai-shek, which Chiang Kai-shek could not allow. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek used Dai's status as a "veteran" to prevent him from becoming the premier.

People who don't know the inside story think that Dai's words have offended both Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Kai-shek. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek hoped that Dai would say so. No wonder Chiang Kai-shek said, "He who knows me also wears a gong."

It can be seen that the political struggle during the Republic of China was complicated. Politicians play one thing on the surface and one thing behind their backs, which is very skillful.

As a political tool of Chiang Kai-shek, Dai is very useful, and it is for this reason that Dai's official career is thriving.

(2) Do what the boss wanted to do but didn't do in advance.

Rulers have always flaunted their loyalty and integrity, evil and flattery, loyalty and virtue, far from being a villain, but a few people can really do it. In fact, rulers of past dynasties like ordinary people like flattery. Listening to people pointing at their faces and criticizing their mistakes is definitely different from listening to "the wisdom of the emperor", but with a respectful and gentle voice.

The adulterers mastered the spiritual weakness of the emperor, so they used flattery to deal with him, looked at his likes and dislikes, obeyed his will, exaggerated and even fabricated his great achievements, touted him as a genius and a saint, and tried to satisfy his exultant vanity to the greatest extent.

Few rulers can escape this net made of flattering pens. Therefore, in the officialdom of past dynasties, flattery ministers were always in power, like emperor Qianlong, who thought he was extremely clever, and finally failed to escape the "flattery" net carefully woven by Xiao Shenyang.

3. Little Shenyang, who has tried his best, has a way to serve his boss.

Xiao Shenyang often waits on Gan Long. He pays attention to Qianlong's temperament preferences, living habits, and even his words and deeds and every move. After a long time, I have a clear understanding of Qianlong's temper, psychology, love and hate.

Gan Long can guess when he wants something and when he should do something by looking at his face. Sometimes, before Qianlong speaks, he is ready for what he wants. Therefore, Xiao Shenyang took great pains to make Qianlong very satisfied in all aspects.

Gan Long has another characteristic: he likes to listen to flattery, but he doesn't like to see others praise him to his face, which means flattery requires skill. He likes talking about literature and history very much and attaches great importance to the collation of literature and history. According to legend, "Twenty-four History" was published in the Confucian Temple, and Qianlong was afraid of making mistakes and often reviewed it himself. Every time he makes a mistake, he feels that he has done a great thing and is very happy.

In order to cater to his psychology, ministers copied several typos in obvious places in the manuscript copied to him to "correct Chen Han", which made Gan Long very happy. Doing so can achieve better results than boasting to his face that he is knowledgeable. Of course, there are manuscripts that Qianlong can't change, but no one dares to move the manuscripts he changed. Therefore, there are often mistakes in the temple fair edition books we see today, and many of them are formed in this way.

Small Shenyang knows this feature of Qianlong best. He caters to everything and chooses the most suitable method to please Qianlong. So he is also the favorite of Qianlong.

Besides catering to Gan Long, Xiao Shenyang also tries to please people around Gan Long, especially those he likes.

The tenth princess was the youngest daughter of Qianlong, and was later named Princess Xiao He. Gan Long loves his little daughter very much. He often said, "My little daughter looks like me and must be blessed. Too bad you're not a boy. If you were a boy, I would definitely make you a prince. " Ten princesses are resolute, unlike ordinary girls. She has some power. It is said that she can bend a ten-stone hard bow as a teenager. Qianlong always obeys whatever he asks of this little girl. What she said is very nice.

In order to please Ganlong, Xiao Shenyang deliberately please the Ten Princesses. Little Shenyang knows that to please ten princesses is to please Qianlong.

On one occasion, Qianlong went to visit Yuanmingyuan, accompanied by Kun, and the Tenth Princess also disguised herself as a man. Yuanmingyuan is very gorgeous and has the reputation of "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens". In the east of Fuhai in Yuanmingyuan, there is a paradise where the emperor plays for ministers every year. During the Qianlong period, there was also a trading street in the garden every year. In this street, there are all kinds of antiques, ancient costumes, teahouses, restaurants and various applications. These shopkeepers are all run by royal merchants who specialize in serving the palace.

Xiao Shenyang followed Gan Long and Princess Shi to the shopping street and walked to the door of a shop. He saw a red tweed jacket hanging there. The tenth princess looked at it, revealing her favorite color slightly. This subtle change in the face of the tenth princess will not be noticed by ordinary people, and even if you pay attention, you may not be able to see it. However, Xiao Shenyang is very good at observing the face and color, and she can guess the princess's psychological activities at a glance. At this time, he saw in his eyes and thought in his heart. In a blink of an eye, he bought this dress at a high price of 28 gold and presented it to the princess.

Xiao Shenyang also used many small favors to bribe some eunuchs who worked beside Gan Long. Although the eunuch has no status, he goes in and out of the palace every day. Their casual words sometimes play a great role in front of emperors and queens. Small Shenyang, with keen eyes, knows this well.

Xiao Shenyang pondered the psychology of doing something to help the dragon. When he saw that Qianlong followed Kangxi's example everywhere, he fell in love with it. He often praised Qianlong's kindness and martial arts by praising Kangxi's weeds.

On one occasion, when he saw Qianlong talking about "heaven above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below", he took the opportunity to describe the scenery of Jiangnan to Qianlong, and also talked about the grand occasion of Kangxi's trip to Jiangnan. While telling these stories, he did not forget to praise the virtue of Qianlong in an appropriate way, saying, "Long live the Wenwu Sect in the hearts of the people and the ancestors of the emperor." Now is an era of peace and prosperity. If you live forever, you can travel south like the ancestors of the emperor. This is the happiness of all the people. "

Gan Long was a little carried away by Xiao Shenyang, so he decided to follow the example of this sage and cruise the south of the Yangtze River.

Small Shenyang took the opportunity to write letters to the provinces, government offices and yamen along the way, asking local officials along the way to practice the palace, dredge waterways, repair dry roads and make all kinds of preparations for the holy drive.

When local officials received Xiao Shenyang's article, they all trembled with fear. They are afraid that they are not ready for the holy driving, which will lead to a terrible disaster. They are all scrambling to bribe Xiao Shenyang so that Xiao Shenyang can deal with it. They know that Xiao Shenyang is a favorite of Qianlong. As long as they bribe Xiao Shenyang, things will pass. So they used the most precious treasure to get through the joints.

Xiao Shenyang took this opportunity to openly ask for bribes from them. The grand occasion of Qianlong's southern tour greatly exceeded the scale of Kangxi's southern tour. Through his trip to the south, Xiao Shenyang has enriched his pockets.

In the forty-five years of Qianlong, Xiao Shenyang was once again favored by Qianlong for investigating the bribery case of Li Daiyao, the governor of Yunnan. On the way back to Beijing, he was promoted to Minister of State and Minister of State. After Xiao Shenyang returned to Beijing, he immediately reported to Ganlong about Yunnan's salt affairs, money and border defense. He picked out what Gan Long wanted to hear. After listening to his report, Gan Long agreed with him very much, praised his ability and said that the method he proposed was feasible. "Grant command minister and commander in chief. Feng?enyende, the married son, is a filial princess, waiting for the New Year's wedding. "

Since then, Xiao Shenyang and Gan Long have added a new layer of relationship, that is, the relationship between children and in-laws. In addition to the above-mentioned official positions, Xiao Shenyang was also awarded the positions of Minister of Health, Director of Siku Quanshu Museum and Dean of San Francisco Academy. At this point, the influence of small Shenyang in the Qing court reached its peak.

To show generosity, I helped people who shouldn't, and then I deserved to suffer their losses. It is said that he doesn't like flattery, but he finally accepted and supported the little man who flattered himself. -Wang Meng

You flatter yourself, which is due to your boss.

As a subordinate, it is most taboo to cut off one's credit and praise one's ability. Nine times out of ten, such people will be suspected and will not come to a good end. Liu Bang once asked Han Xin, "How many soldiers do you think I can take?" Han Xin said, "Your Majesty cannot lead more than 100,000 troops at most." Liu Bang asked again, "What about you?" Han Xin said: "I am the more the better."

Liu Bang looked unhappy, and Han Xin went on to say, "Say that your majesty will lead the generals and I will lead the soldiers." Liu bang was extremely happy. Such an answer, even if Liu Bang is unhappy, will not break out at present, but the answer of "the more the better" like Han Xin is doomed to be a tragic fate.

So what can we do to get the benefits of making contributions, get the long-term love of superiors, and avoid the dangers brought about by this? Our flatterer has come up with a clever trick, that is, "meritorious service."

Subordinates who are good at flattery work hard, and then put all the credit, achievements and good reputation on the leader's head, leaving all the mistakes and responsibilities to themselves. To put it in a popular phrase later, "We work well because of the wisdom and greatness of our superiors, and we work badly because of our lack of ability to implement the decisions of our superiors." How can such subordinates be disliked and trusted by leaders?

In the Tang Dynasty, Li Mi understood the way of "making contributions".

Li Bi was a famous figure in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. He has been emperor Xuanzong, Su Zong, Dai Zong and De Zong for four generations, and he is very influential in the ruling and opposition circles.

He served as prime minister at that time, and the Uighur ethnic minorities in the northwest demanded to make peace with the Tang Dynasty out of trust in him, which gave Li a difficult problem: from the overall situation of stabilizing the country, Li Bi advocated restoring friendly relations with the Uighur ethnic groups; Emperor Dezong, who was humiliated by Uighurs in his early years, hated Uighurs and resolutely refused.

Things froze there. At this moment, the generals stationed in the northwest frontier sent an urgent official document to the court, asking for additional horses for the border guards. At this time, the Tang Dynasty was too empty. Without this power, Tang Dezong was at a loss.

Li Bi felt that this was an opportunity that could be used, so she said to Dezong, "Your Majesty, if you adopt my idea, the price of horses will be ten times lower in a few years!"

Dezong quickly asked him what he thought, but he didn't answer directly. He sold it first and said, "Your Majesty is selfless for your country, so I dare to say it."

Dezong said, "Why don't you trust me? Say what you think! "

Li Mi went on to say, "I ask your Majesty to reconcile with the Uighurs."

This was indeed rejected by Dezong: "I can accept anything you advocate, except Uighur families." You will never mention it again. I will never make peace with them as long as I live. What future generations do after my death is their business! "

Li Bi knows that Dezong, who likes to hold grudges, will not be easily persuaded. If you rush and go too far, you will not only fail, but also arouse the emperor's resentment and bring disaster to yourself. He adopted the method of gradual infiltration, and in more than a year, after as many as 15 statements of interests, he was able to convince Emperor Dezong.

Li Mi went out to work as the leader of the Uighurs, so that the Uighurs agreed to the five requirements of the Tang Dynasty and called them the emperors of the Tang Dynasty. In this way, Tang Dezong not only got rid of the predicament, but also saved his face. He is very happy. The relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the Uighur nationality was finally reconciled, which was entirely due to Li Bi's painstaking efforts. Tang Dezong asked Li Mi puzzled: "Why do Uighurs listen to you like this?"

If he is a frivolous man, he will certainly brag about his great reputation and make all foreigners fear him, showing that he is better than the emperor. In this way, he is bound to be suspected and dissatisfied by the emperor. However, Li Bi is a man with great political experience. He respectfully said to himself, "It all depends on your majesty's prestige. How can I have such great power! "

After hearing this, can Dezong be unhappy and not be more prized by Li Bi?

When dealing with such a thorny relationship between superiors and subordinates, Li Bi showed the wisdom of the people in China officialdom: I took over the things that upset people, and everything I bought in my head belonged to the boss, so that he could stand on his feet and be favored.

5. Talk to people and talk nonsense.

Everyone has his own characteristics, and everyone has his own hobbies. The villain firmly believes that any problem can be solved as long as you let his temper climb up the pole, pick what he likes to say and pick what he likes to listen to.

During the Warring States period, Zhang Yi learned a set of "techniques of vertical and horizontal courtship" and took several fellow villagers to Chu for money. Because I can't find a way to climb the dragon, I am down and out in Chu and my life is extremely difficult. The people who went with me couldn't stand it any longer, complaining bitterly about going home.

Zhang Yi said, "Did you go back because you were poor and didn't enjoy anything? That's no problem at all. Tell you what, wait a few days. I'm not bragging. As long as I see the king of Chu, I will ensure that everyone is well fed and warm. Otherwise you can knock out my front teeth! "

How to Deal with Villains, by Shu Tian and Duan Wei, published by China Drama Publishing House, telephone number 1999-0 1.

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