About building pigsty and raising pigs.

Want to raise pigs need several conditions:

1, with funds.

2. There is a venue

3, have manpower, can bear hardships, know technology (can cooperate with people who know technology, such as feed dealers, feed factories, veterinary drug factories, etc.). )

1. Location of pig farm

First of all, consider places with adequate water and sanitation, adequate electricity, quiet environment and no industrial pollution; Drainage is convenient, and the half slope terrain is the best; Convenient transportation, far away from residential areas, will not pollute drinking water sources in residential areas; It is best to be at least1km away from major roads and railways; At the same time, we should also consider the purification and utilization of sewage in the future, especially the combination of planting and breeding, and it is best to establish biogas utilization facilities.

2. Rational layout and optimal allocation of pig farms

Production must be divided into three points: pig breeding, seed conservation and fattening, and the interval between the three areas should be at least 500 meters; The pig platform must be outside the fence to avoid off-site vehicles from entering; The direction of the pigsty should deviate from the east to the southeast by 15 degrees, so as to ensure that the sun will not directly shine on the pigs in the pigsty in summer and will not be attacked by the northwest wind in winter; The clearance height in the pigsty shall be at least 3.5m and the longest shall not exceed 50m. The building spacing is about 25m. It is rationally planned and built according to the terrain, and the zigzag layout is the best.

It can be considered that the feeding management operation of the breeder is convenient and fast, saving labor and time. When building a pigsty, each circle begins to decrease from the feed storage room (that is, the small disinfection pool that enters the door), that is, the valve of the dung flushing ditch (the limit bar is 1cm, the nursery is 3cm, and the reserved area, breeding house and pigsty are 5 cm; If the delivery room adopts a high bed for delivery, the delivery bed should be kept horizontal, and the cement slope under the delivery bed should be flat and straight, which is convenient for cleaning and hygiene. The front and rear walkways should be level with the delivery bed and lower than the lower opening of the delivery bed 10cm. Two-thirds of the dung ditch is under the maternity bed, so that sows can enter the front door from the back door, which is convenient for cleaning and hygiene, and it is not easy for piglets to enter the maternity bed from the middle aisle); The slope of pigsty ground should be kept at 3% ~ 5%. If it is less than 3%, it is not conducive to the outflow of water, the pigsty can not be kept dry and warm, and it is not easy to carry out sanitation. More than 5% is not conducive to the sleep of pigs, increasing the incidence of limb and hoof disease in pigs and affecting the growth and development of pigs.

Because the pig itself has a clean triangular positioning, it is easy to excrete feces and urine in wet places, and it is difficult to change once it is fixed, so the drinking fountain should be installed on the side wall of the feces discharge area and hidden in the wall to avoid scratching the pig and the pig playing in the water. At the same time, two water dispensers with different heights should be installed in each pigsty, which are not on the same vertical line, with a distance of 45 cm ~ 50 cm (the height is that the pig's head is slightly raised when drinking water, and the water in the water dispensers will not flow out with the corners of the mouth). The water dispensers in the protected area are 20 cm ~ 40 cm from the ground, the water dispensers in the fattening area are 40 cm ~ 65 cm from the ground, and the water dispensers in the protected area and the breeding area are 60 cm ~ 75 cm from the ground. If some pigs are too weak and short, you can put a small brick or slate on the ground so that the pigs can step on it and drink water. The water pipes outside the house must be buried underground to avoid the difficulty of drinking water in the inlet pipe after the sun is exposed in summer.

When coming out of the feed house and reaching every household in the field through the central avenue, a 2% gentle slope can be built, which is convenient for bucket trucks to pull feed (labor-saving when going downhill) and build sewage ditches; Outdoor apron and manure ditch should drip water in the eaves to realize the diversion of manure and rainwater, reduce environmental pollution and ease the difficulty of manure treatment; Solid-liquid separation is carried out at the sewage treatment port of the whole site, and the generated biogas is used for energy recovery. Manure residue and biogas slurry are used in agricultural production, which makes the farming and aquaculture develop healthily.

Install a sprinkler on the roof, and install exhaust fans or wet shower cooling systems before and after the pigsty. All doors and windows can be fully opened (doors and windows can be directly opened to the ground, and the pigsty is a fence type) or fully closed, so that it can keep warm in winter and will not be extremely hot in summer.

3. Establish epidemic prevention isolation ditch/belt.

An epidemic prevention ditch was built 5m ~ 10m outside the fence around the pig farm, and three rows of evergreen tall trees (such as Cinnamomum camphora, Little Ye Nan, Ginkgo biloba and osmanthus fragrans) were planted. ) are planted in staggered nests. Fences, epidemic prevention ditches and epidemic prevention belts built in pig farms can prevent outsiders and animals from entering, thus preventing the introduction of epidemics. Evergreen tall trees (such as Cinnamomum camphora, which can repel mosquitoes and is not easily blown down by strong winds) can also be planted on both sides of the main walkway of the pig farm, and Guanxi honey pomelo, banana, Kyoho grape and so on can be planted in the isolation belt in the middle of each shed, which can not only shade the sun but also beautify the environment and enrich the material and spiritual life of workers.

4. Personnel and vehicle management

To build a disinfection pool at the entrance of the pig farm, it is required to wrap the truck tires for one and a half laps and immerse the tires for half the depth. Disinfectant should be changed frequently and maintained at an appropriate concentration, and spraying facilities should be installed to disinfect all vehicles and personnel entering and leaving the gate of the pig farm. Admission personnel must wash their hands, change shoes and take a bath before entering the office and living area (entering the production area, they need to go through the disinfection channel and wash their hands, change shoes and take a bath for disinfection, etc.). ). Vehicles used in the production area and off-site vehicles must be strictly separated, earmarked for special purposes, and generally not used for other purposes. If it is used, it must be strictly cleaned and disinfected in all directions, and then strictly cleaned and disinfected the next day before entering the production area.

The keepers, feed trucks and dung trucks in each building must be strictly separated and cannot be used together. Hand washing disinfection pool and alkali pool must be set at the entrance of each building, and the effective disinfection concentration should be changed regularly. Disinfectants should be used in turn regularly, and different disinfectants and different concentrations should be used according to specific conditions. Large passages and external environment should be disinfected regularly. Feed bags in each building should not be mixed to avoid cross-spreading. It is best to use a feed tower to load raw materials in the feed room, so as to prevent germs from being brought into the pocket when buying raw materials, which will lead to endless troubles.

5. Pig management

For pigs of all ages, the feed formula should be formulated according to feeding standard, and the ingredients should be strictly produced. Mainly from the health care of pigs, immunization was carried out according to immunization procedures to enhance the disease resistance of the whole pig, and the idea of "feeding is more important than prevention, prevention is more important than treatment, feeding and prevention are combined, and feeding management is given priority" was established.

Pig farms should be located in isolated areas (that is, nursing homes), with a certain distance from the production area, and must be located in the downwind direction, and managed by designated personnel. Moreover, pigs cannot be littered and must be treated harmlessly.

Raise and manage pigs of all ages at all stages in strict accordance with the operating rules, and regularly do a good job in pig health care and vaccination to prevent problems before they happen; Strengthen the management of pig breeding and personnel management, eliminate all factors that are not conducive to pig raising, improve the welfare treatment of employees and pigs, enrich the amateur cultural life of employees, enable breeders to give full play to the enthusiasm of pig raising, and do not deviate from the company's pig production goal, so as to truly achieve the goal of integrating people with pigs and building a harmonious pig farm.

6. For epidemic prevention personnel

Vaccine bottles and utensils after vaccination must be treated harmlessly to avoid the spread of wild poison. Epidemic prevention personnel must be operated by professionals according to immunization procedures, so as to achieve "one injection, only immunization", and the houses should be disinfected before and after vaccination.

The development of pig farms is inseparable from management.

1. The importance of management

The factors that affect the benefit of raising pigs are management, market, variety, nutrition and epidemic prevention, among which management should be the first (including personnel management and pig management); In the prevention and treatment of pig diseases, management is also the first, so the development of pig farms can not be separated from management, and we must ask for benefits from management. In order to better develop pig farms, we must adopt the advanced management mode of standardized management, programmed production and computerized office.

2. Staff management

Only by implementing the management system of layer-by-layer management and division of responsibilities, managing people by system, regularly conducting technical training and exchange seminars for employees, and constantly improving their skills, can we create higher benefits. Pay employees according to their work and performance, improve their enthusiasm for raising pigs, give full play to their accumulation of knowledge and skills in raising pigs, and have clear rewards and punishments, with more rewards and less punishment or no punishment.

3. Pig management

First of all, the strategy of increasing output value is the combination of early weaning (increasing the number of piglets per year) and all-in and all-out system. As far as pig farms are concerned, except for the introduction (the introduction should be cautious, and the healthy sows in this farm must be isolated for more than three months, and then mixed with them 15 d to confirm that they are disease-free, or the seedlings can be injected and put into production after injection), pigs just can't get out, and they really realize self-breeding and self-feeding (inbreeding should be avoided), so that the farm can develop on a healthy and benign track.

4. Feed management

Feed is the basis of raising pigs. Do not use moldy raw materials, often add mildew remover. Only by strictly following the nutritional requirements of pigs at all stages, strictly and accurately formulating (adjusting feed formula in winter and spring) and scientific feeding techniques can the healthy growth and development of pigs be guaranteed.

5. Prevent birds, migratory birds, pigeons and other birds from falling from the sky with diseases, and prevent mice, snakes and other animals from spreading diseases. Therefore, we should always drive away birds and kill rats to prevent horizontal transmission from falling from the sky and causing diseases.

6. Selection of varieties

There are three, four, five elements and local cultivated strains to give full play to genetic advantages and hybrid advantages. Among them, DLY, DYL, PIC and Decca are the hybrid vehicles with the best economic benefits. The local strain grows faster and has better meat quality than the local variety, but the lean meat rate is not as high as that of foreign Sanyuan, which is also a good hybrid model. Hope useful to you