Common faults and maintenance knowledge of automobiles can make you clear at a glance.

Common faults and maintenance knowledge of automobiles can make you clear at a glance.

1. For cars with random or self-connected on-board electrical appliances and stereos, first check the overlapping parts and lines and troubleshoot. Improper connection between electrical appliances and audio equipment can easily lead to the failure of the on-board computer and burn other electrical appliances, so this kind of failure should be eliminated first, and then other damaged parts should be repaired and replaced to avoid repeated rework and maintenance.

2. For a car that has not been repaired for a long time, first check the VIE 17 digital code of the car, and make clear the make, model and year before consulting. Don't be busy checking the trial run yet. Often this kind of car is blindly disassembled by roadside shops, which leads to complicated faults, and most of the disassembled parts are fake and shoddy. So the maintenance conditions (whether it can be repaired, when it will be repaired, etc. ) it should be explained to the owner to prevent being blamed. There are many such lessons, so we should nip them in the bud.

3. From the inspection of auto parts, auto parts are often high-incidence areas. In order to meet the needs of the market, air conditioners have been installed in recent years, but the engine has not been improved. After installing the air conditioner, the power consumption increases, resulting in insufficient power of the original engine, poor air conditioning effect, and repeated engagement of the air conditioning clutch, which is very easy to burn out. Therefore, the fault position can be quickly judged by the engagement sound of the air conditioner. After the turbocharger is installed on the Iveco car, the quality of some parts is poor, and it is prone to air leakage and bearing burning, so the engine of the car is weak when climbing and accelerating (judging from the sound). First, observe and check the turbocharger for air leakage and abnormal sound.

4. Find out the fault from the modified parts. For self-modified vehicles, such as gasoline to diesel, and R 134 coolant used for fluoride air conditioning modification, if the vehicle power is insufficient, the electrical appliances are burnt out, and the air conditioning effect is poor or damaged, it is necessary to find out whether the voltage converter, circuit replacement and parts replacement of the air conditioner are qualified first.

5, to repair the vehicle, first of all, from the original repair parts. The following conditions: whether the replaced parts are fake; Whether the removed parts are installed incorrectly (left and right, front and back, up and down); Whether the mating parts are aligned with the assembly marks; Whether to remove parts (important bolts and nuts, shaft pins, washers, O-rings, etc.) at one time. ) has been replaced according to the requirements of the manufacturer; Whether accessories (such as damping springs) are replaced in pairs according to the requirements of the manufacturer; Whether to carry out balance test (such as tire) after repair, and analyze and check other parts after eliminating the above factors.

6. For the failure of high-end cars that have a collision, flameout after severe vibration and are difficult to start, check the safety locking device first, and don't blindly look for other parts first. In fact, as long as the safety locking device is reset, the car can be restarted. Fukang 988, Lexus of Japan, Ford and other cars all have this device.

7. Find faults from domestic parts. In the process of localization of cars produced by joint ventures, there are indeed some cases where the quality of domestic parts is not high. This can be found by comparing the phenomena before and after the replacement of domestic parts. For example, after Iveco replaced domestic parts for brake drum, brake disc and brake disc, the failure rate of brake system was higher than that of imported parts. Therefore, when checking the fault, we should start with this, instead of checking the brake master cylinder, slave cylinder and other parts first. After the carbon canister on Fukang EFI vehicle is replaced with domestic parts, it is noisy and easy to leak oil, so when the engine makes abnormal noise, check whether the carbon canister works normally first. These are the facts that exist objectively at present and cannot be avoided.

8. Start with non-EFI parts. Both imported cars and joint venture cars have early failures such as poor idle speed and acceleration delay. First of all, check and clean the fuel injector, intake flowmeter, intake pressure sensor and idle chamber which are easy to accumulate carbon and glue, and don't blindly detect other parts such as EFI, because EFI parts are generally reliable, and a considerable part of EFI failures are caused by the low quality of domestic oil products.

The above introduces the common faults and maintenance knowledge of automobiles. Let's take a look at some common car failures.

What should I do if the performance of the car drops?

When the performance of the automobile declines, the following methods can be adopted: replace the oil and oil filter every 5,000 kilometers, and replace the air filter and gasoline filter every 1000 kilometers, otherwise the impurities in the air, fuel and oil will cause parts to wear and block the oil circuit, thus affecting the normal operation of the engine. Maintain the car more and carry out regular maintenance.

What should I do if the car tire leaks?

As the shoes on the four feet of a car, tires are always in close contact with all kinds of complicated things, so there will always be various problems in tires, and air leakage is one of them. Here are the ways to deal with tire leakage:

If the car leaks due to sharp instrument penetration, a comprehensive tire inspection method can be adopted. When the steering wheel tilts unsteadily, park the car in a safe place first, and then check the tire leakage comprehensively.

If the car leaks because of the wrong driving mode, you can take the driving method of paying attention to the correct operation.

1, grasp the speed and avoid sharp objects such as stones on the road in time.

2. Try to stay away from the curb when parking, so as not to be scratched.

3, can't repair the tire should be replaced in time.

What if the car won't start?

In this diversified new era, cars are not only the means of transportation for people's lives, but also the expression of consumers' own personalities, thoughts and pursuits, and play an indispensable role in human life. But in the face of the car can't start, we must first find out the reason why the car can't start, and then prescribe the right medicine.

First, the ignition system is in poor working condition.

Especially in cold weather, due to the low intake temperature, fuel atomization in the cylinder is not good. If the ignition energy is insufficient, the cylinder will be flooded, that is, too much fuel will accumulate in the cylinder and exceed the ignition limit concentration, so the car cannot be started.

Emergency method: Screw out the spark plug, wipe off the oil stain between the electrodes, and start the car after reassembly. The thorough way is to check the ignition system and eliminate the reasons of low ignition energy such as spark plug electrode gap, ignition coil energy and high voltage line state.

Second, the exhaust pipe freezes.

Appearance is characterized by fog cylinder pressure, normal oil supply and power supply, non-stop. This situation is easy to happen in vehicles with extremely low frequency of use, such as the home is particularly close to the unit, and the water vapor after engine combustion freezes at the muffler of the exhaust pipe. After a short drive, yesterday's ice has not melted, and today's ice is frozen again. After a long time, the tail gas was affected and it could not be started seriously.

The solution is simple. Put the car in a warm environment, and it will start naturally when it is frozen. The complete solution can be to run the expressway in time. If there are too many cars, the heat of the exhaust gas will completely melt the ice and discharge it.

Third, the battery is short of electricity.

Its performance feature is that the starter starts to rotate but the speed is not enough and it is weak. Then the starter stopped clicking. When the temperature is low in winter, forgetting to turn off some electrical equipment will cause the vehicle to fail to start, especially when it is used at low speed for a long time in winter, the battery voltage will be lower than the rated value, and it will start abnormally and cannot work normally.

If it happens, please call the service station for rescue, or find a car to check it, or catch fire temporarily, and then be sure to go to the service station to charge the battery.

IV. Valve Glue

When using a car in winter, especially after using unclean gasoline, the gum in gasoline will not burn, but will accumulate near the intake and exhaust valves and combustion chambers, which will lead to difficulties in starting and even failure to catch fire in the cold morning.

Emergency method: part of the engine oil can be dripped into the combustion chamber, which can be started generally. After startup, go to the service station for disassembly-free cleaning. In severe cases, it is necessary to repair and disassemble the car and clean the cylinder head.

5. The flow of gasoline is blocked.

The performance feature is that there is no oil pressure in the engine oil supply pipe. This happens mostly in the morning when the temperature is extremely low, which is caused by the long-term uncleanness of the fuel pipeline. When the temperature is extremely low, water and sundries are mixed together, resulting in the fuel pipeline being blocked and unable to start.

Emergency measures: put the car in a warm environment, and the car can start in a short time; Or completely solve it by cleaning the oil circuit.