How does Gothic architecture exist?

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American fans must be familiar with this scene:

In the dark castle

A vampire with ghostly eyes.

Staged a bloody love-hate relationship.

Speaking of vampire homes,

You must think of that kind of thing.

A pointed and dark castle.

But you know what?

This kind of building has a tall scientific name.

Gothic architecture

3rd-5th century A.D.

German Goths invaded Italy.

Collapsed the Roman Empire.

To15th century.

Italy launched a thriving Renaissance movement.

But Italians want to put their own culture

Different from the invaded culture.

therefore

They put the medieval artistic style

It's called goth.

For them, it means barbarism.

Although the word goth has a negative meaning.

But the truth is,

A considerable number of exquisite works of art

Are all created in this period.

12 century

Due to the progress of building technology

Created a large number of Gothic churches.

What are the characteristics?

Can it be called Gothic architecture?

From the appearance.

It can be summarized in four words:

Sharp! Dragon! Big! Flowers!

Sharp: sharp arch! The steeple is towering! Sharp rib vault!

Long: slender beams and columns!

Big: big window!

Flowers: stained glass!

From within.

Just one word: hey!

Tile floor, inner column sculpture

Colored religious paintings are hung on both sides.

Even the chair feels like solid wood.

A beautiful high cold feeling.

The following are some classic features of Gothic architecture:

First of all, the pointed arch

Each roof has four main bones, which are improved from the cylindrical vault of Roman architecture. Use skeleton coupons to connect all internal spaces into a whole. Thrust acts on the four arches, so that the height and span of the vault are no longer limited. Moreover, the pointed vault also has a visual hint of "upward", and the towering room can be brighter.

2. Flying arch

A buttress is a buttress. Attaching a wall or other structure outside the wall can provide some support for the wall under vault pressure.

The circular dome is very heavy and produces downward and outward tension, which makes the outer wall supporting the dome have to be made very thick, with few openings and poor lighting and ventilation. Gothic architecture is to set a row of columns at a certain distance from the external wall, and each column extends one or several flying coupons to support the external wall to offset the external tension generated by the dome. With the flying crib, the inner wall can be made thin and the window can be opened.

This is the structure of the flying stack. There is a wall outside the outer wall, and the plane ticket is connected between them.

3. Beams and columns

That is, pillars tied in a bunch. The beams of Gothic buildings often have no stigma, and many thin columns extend from the ground to the vault and become ribs. Decorative ribs appeared on the vault, and the rib frame became star-shaped or other complicated forms.

Fourth, the rose window.

Thanks to the flying arch, Gothic buildings began to have big windows. The stained glass technology learned from Arab countries is pieced together into colorful religious stories, which are not only beautiful, but also play a role in propagating teachings to illiterate people.

There are two kinds of rose windows: willow window (long strip) and rose window (round), with red and blue as the main colors. Blue symbolizes heaven, and red symbolizes the blood of Christ.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) serrated pointed arch and sculpture

Let's take a look at some typical Gothic buildings:

Milan Cathedral

Milan Cathedral is the largest Gothic church in the world and the second largest cathedral in the world.

1386 started, 1500 completed the vault, 1774 placed the gilded Madonna on the central tower. It was finally completed in 1897, which took five centuries. 1805 Napoleon held a coronation ceremony here. Religious activities for 40 thousand people can be held at the same time. The white appearance, together with the towering spires, looks like heaven.

Cologne Cathedral

Located in Cologne, Germany, it was completed in 1248 and 1880, which was also a construction period of several hundred years. It is the third largest Gothic church. Compared with Milan Cathedral, it is like the opposition between light and darkness, and the solemn feeling of darkness is overwhelming.

reims cathedral

It used to be the place where Clovis, the first king of France, was baptized. From 1027 to the French Revolution, it was also the place where almost every French king held a coronation ceremony.

Amiens Cathedral

Located on the banks of the Somme in Amiens, Somme, France, it was built in 1220 and is the largest church in France. 198 1 is listed as a world cultural heritage.

Chartres Church

Chartres Church was built in12nd century. According to legend, the Virgin Mary has been here, so it is a holy place to worship the Virgin Mary. Henry IV was crowned here, which is a famous Catholic church.

Notre Dame Cathedral

Notre Dame de Paris is a world-famous novel written by Hugo. The gloomy tone of the novel cast a faint shadow over the church. But in fact, Notre Dame de Paris is a masterpiece of the early style of a beautiful Gothic church. Founded in 1 163, it took 180 years to complete. Located on Sidi Island in the center of Paris, France, it is the cathedral of the Catholic Parisian diocese.

Compilation of precious hand-painted historical materials

Reproduce the amazing artistic charm of Gothic architecture and sculpture

Gothic architecture and sculpture decorative arts (three volumes in total)

This set of books was compiled by the editorial team from the rare ancient books stored in European libraries for 200 years. Pages of yellowed paper and vague text descriptions have been carefully studied by many professional teachers and chewed by these "heavenly books" with magnifying glasses like archaeology. Dozens of teachers and students have refined the pictures and edited them into a book.

This set of books shows Gothic architecture in detail, from the building itself to the keyhole, from the familiar columns, flying arches, arch coupons and window grilles, to the relatively rare architectural details such as gun holes, ceilings, furniture and niches. Each picture in the book is marked with the corresponding position and name, as well as the name of the component, and some pictures are accompanied by vertical sections. The value of this set of books lies in its delicate and accurate pictures, classification and detailed illustrations. The contents of the three volumes are different, complementary and colorful.

Ordering method

Gothic Architecture and Sculpture Decorative Arts (Volume I)

Gothic Architecture and Sculpture Decorative Arts (Volume II)

Gothic Architecture and Sculpture Decorative Arts (Volume III)

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