200-word introduction to the scenery of the Forbidden City

Hello, I'm glad to answer your question. I hope I can help you! 1 Beijing Forbidden City Attractions Introduction The Forbidden City is located in the center of Beijing. It was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, formerly known as the Forbidden City. Fourteen emperors of Ming Dynasty and ten emperors of Qing Dynasty all lived here, and they ruled China for 49 1 year. It is the largest existing palace complex in China and the largest palace complex in the world. Why is the Forbidden City called the Forbidden City? Because the palaces where feudal emperors lived were not allowed to be approached by ordinary people. A high wall surrounds the palace, and this heavily guarded land has conveniently become a private forbidden area for the Ming and Qing emperors. Why is the Forbidden City called the Forbidden City? There are three explanations in academic circles. The first explanation is that the legendary Emperor of Heaven lives in the Purple Palace in the sky, and the emperor on the ground is the son of the Emperor of Heaven, and the imperial power is granted by God, so the place where he lives is also called the Forbidden City. The second explanation is that the word "Zi Qi" comes from the East, that is, Xiangyun symbolizes the emperor. The third explanation is that the Forbidden City is a metaphor of Wei Zi Garden. Ancient astronomers in China once divided the stars in the sky into three walls, twenty balconies and so on. The purple star wall is in the center of the three walls, and it is a constellation representing the Emperor of Heaven. As the son of heaven, the emperor sat among the sons of heaven, and the officials of Qing and Shen were divided into four parts. Age and scale of the Forbidden City: The Forbidden City was built in the fourth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1406) and took fifteen years to complete. It has a history of more than 570 years. The Forbidden City covers an area of more than 720,000 square meters, surrounded by more than 9,900 palace-style buildings with a construction area of 6,543,800 square meters. There is a moat 52 meters wide outside the city, commonly known as Tongzi River. There is an exquisite turret around the city wall, with a door on each side. East gate, west gate, south gate and north gate. The architecture of the Forbidden City embodies the exquisite level and national characteristics of ancient architectural art in China. The architectural layout and functions of the Forbidden City are divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe and Baohe, flanked by Wenhua and Wuying, are the main places for the emperor to exercise his power, ascend the pole and summon ministers. Located on the central axis of Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace, the Forbidden City is surrounded by royal gardens and East-West Palace. It is not only the place where the emperor handles daily affairs, but also the place where the emperor and his queen, concubines, empress dowager and toffee live. The Palace Museum The Palace Museum is now the largest museum in China. At present, the open area can be divided into four tour routes, which are browsed in turn, so that visitors can fully appreciate the historical features of the Forbidden City. The four tour routes are: Middle Road -go| West Road -go| East Road -go| Waidong Road -go Middle Road Wumen | Jinshui Bridge | Hall of Supreme Harmony | The terrace of Hall of Supreme Harmony symbolizes the eternal display of mountains and rivers | Zhonghe Hall | Baohe Hall | Gan Qing Gate | Gan Qing Palace | Jiaotai Hall | Kunning Palace | East Board Room | Royal Garden | SHEN WOO Wumen has three openings. These two openings extend east and west to Zheng Tai, then turn north and go out from Zheng Tai. There are five doors behind the noon gate. The main entrance of the meridian gate that only the emperor can enter: the main entrance is usually only accessible to the emperor. There are only two situations in which you are lucky enough to enter and leave this door: the emperor gets married and the queen can enter once; The top three, that is, the top three, the second and the third, can walk out of this door once. In the Qing Dynasty, ministers of civil and military affairs went in and out of the left gate, and emperors went in and out of the right gate. The left and right hinged doors do not open at ordinary times. Only when the emperor held a ceremony in the Hall of Supreme Harmony can civil and military officials go in and out through these two doors. Commonly known as Wufeng Building: Forbidden Building

2. Pay attention to ringing bells and drums: there are two pavilions in the middle of the Wumen Building, with bells and drums inside. Ring the bell and drum, it will pay attention. According to the regulations, the emperor's altar hall rang the bell at the noon gate; When the emperor worships the ancestral temple, he plays drums; When the emperor boarded the temple to hold a ceremony, the bell and drum would ring. Reward location: On the 15th day of the first month of the Ming Dynasty, lanterns were hung at the noon gate to entertain hundreds of officials. Emperor beginning of spring will send spring cakes, cold cakes at noon and flowers at Chongyang. Moon-conferring ceremony: The emperors of the Qing Dynasty released the almanac of the second year at Wumen on the first day of October every year and held a ceremony, which was called the Moon-conferring ceremony. The instrument of offering prisoners: a large-scale state-owned campaign, winning the battle and returning to the DPRK. Sometimes it is necessary to worship prisoners and hold ceremonies at the noon gate. The emperor personally accepted the ceremony of offering prisoners. Duties of the court aides: Anyone who is criticized by ministers and violates the emperor will be taken outside the noon gate by the court aides. Jinshui Bridge Outside Jinshui Bridge: The artificial river in front of Tiananmen Square is called Waijinshui River, and the five stone bridges on the river are called Waijinshui Bridge. Neijinshui Bridge: An arched artificial river in front of Wumen Taihe Gate is called Neijinshui River, which is Neijinshui Bridge. There are five stone bridges side by side on the river. Neijinshui River is introduced into the Forbidden City from the moat in the northwest corner of the Forbidden City, winding south, then east and then south. Sometimes not, or wide or narrow, connected with the moat outside the southeast corner of the Forbidden City, with a total length of more than 2,000 meters. The most gorgeous river section is in front of Taihe Gate, which is open and regular, and the decoration is quite gorgeous. The bottom and banks of the river are made of white stone, and both sides of the river are equipped with white marble columns and fences. The main bridge that only the emperor can cross: among the five inner jinshui bridges, the middle bridge is the longest and widest, and only the emperor can cross it; There are four passenger bridges on the left and right for emperors, generals and officials to use. The largest palace in the Hall of Supreme Harmony: The Hall of Supreme Harmony, commonly known as the Golden Hall, is the largest palace in the Forbidden City. In the Ming Dynasty, it was named Fengtian Hall and Huangji Hall. In the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed the Hall of Supreme Harmony. It experienced three fires and a military disaster, and now we can see the palaces built in the Qing Dynasty. The Hall of Supreme Harmony covers an area of 2,377 square meters; Kiss from the ground to the spine, the highest frame is 35.5 meters. The highest level of temple form: five ridges and four slopes, roof, double eaves and yellow tiles; Liang Mei's colored paintings are golden dragons and seal paintings; Even the number of small beasts behind the immortals on the hanging ridges on the cornices is the largest, with ten. The ceiling of the hall is covered with a golden dragon-shaped wellhead ceiling, with a embossed panlong caisson in the middle and a pearl in the middle. The dragon dance is magnificent: in the center of the main hall, there is a nanmu hollow dragon gold lacquer base, a Kowloon gold lacquer throne, and a carved dragon gold lacquer screen behind the throne; On both sides of the throne, there are six golden dragon pillars. The heads of the three gold pillars on the east side look west to the throne, and the heads of the three gold pillars on the west side look east to the throne, making the whole hall dance with thousands of dragons and creating an atmosphere of defending the throne. Seventy-two pillars: the Hall of Supreme Harmony is eleven wide and five deep. There are 72 pillars supporting its total weight, of which the top pillar is the thickest and tallest, with a diameter of 1.6 meters and a height of 12.70 meters. Nanmu used in Ming Dynasty was collected from Sichuan, Guangzhou, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places. After the reconstruction of the Qing Dynasty, pine trees were collected from the mountains in the three northeastern provinces. 47 18 BRIC: Right.

There is a compartment in the middle of the measuring device, which is large in volume, with the upper part being a welcome guest and the lower part being a bucket; There are two small ears on both sides, one is upward, the other is closed at the upper part, and the lower part is clam. Copper turtle and copper crane: symbols of good luck and longevity. Eighteen Ding Incense Burners: Built in the Qing Qianlong period. When the emperor held a ceremony, he ordered pine and cypress branches, sandalwood and so on. In the incense burner, the smoke curled up, adding a mysterious and dignified atmosphere. 200 ceremonial piers: On the spacious courtyard ground of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, there are two rows of white stones one foot square, about one meter apart, narrow in the north and wide in the south, showing a figure of eight, with about 200 pieces. This is the ceremony pier. When the emperor held the ceremony, the ceremonial team stood on the ceremonial pier, holding banners, flags, fans, covers, stars, lots, melons, halberds and so on. Taihe Gate is the main entrance of the three main halls. Inside the Taihe Gate, there are three spacious and closed courtyards. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the tallest and largest palace in the Forbidden City, just north of the Three Pagodas, which makes the courtyard inside the Taihe Gate look vast and spectacular. In the middle of the yard, facing the east of the room is Tijen Pavilion, and the opposite is Hongyi Pavilion in the west; There are four beautiful buildings in the four corners of the yard. There are a pair of big bronze lions on both sides of Taihe Gate, the male lion is in the east, and there is a hydrangea on the front right paw; The female is in the west, and the left front paw caresses a cub. This kind of palace decoration not only represents luxury, but also symbolizes the dignity and majesty of the emperor. In addition, there are other gold-plated bronze lions, gold-plated copper Kirin and gold-plated bronze statues similar to the meaning of the big bronze lion in front of the Forbidden City or inside and outside the palace gate. The unique shape of the Hall of Supreme Harmony is a square pavilion palace. It is this unique shape that makes it located between the tall Hall of Supreme Harmony and the Hall of Baohe, which highlights its originality in architectural layout. As a result, the overall structure of the three museums presents a staggered and orderly architectural pattern, which shows the architectural artistic style of China charm. When did the emperor use this hall? When the ceremony was held in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Supreme Harmony was the first place for the emperor to rest, and deacons were also invited to visit during the ceremony. Every year, when offering sacrifices to the Temple of Heaven, Ditan and Ancestral Hall, the emperor would read the eulogy here in advance. Before offering sacrifices to the altar of Xiannong and holding a farming ceremony, the emperor should read out the sacrificial ceremony and farm tools used for farming in Zhonghe Hall. The Qing dynasty stipulated that the genealogy of the emperor should be compiled once every ten years, called Yupan. After the compilation, the presentation and review ceremony of the emperor was held in Zhonghe Hall. Two golden four-legged unicorns are inlaid on the left and right sides of the throne respectively. They are not biological images in the real world, but imaginary beasts. It is said that they drive 18000 miles every day, and they are familiar with four languages and distant objects. Although it is used to burn sandalwood, it is placed on both sides of the emperor because it means a god beast, indicating that the monarch is wise. There are copper stoves on both sides of the platform to make a fire to keep warm. In the Qing dynasty, the best charcoal was called Luohong charcoal, which was burned in the palace. This kind of charcoal is hot, very fire-resistant, gray and non-explosive. On both sides of the throne, there are two sedan chairs named Shouyu. They were the means of transportation used by the Qing emperors when they went in and out of the court. The sedan chair that the emperor rides on any occasion has strict grading rules. The sedan chair shown here is one of the various sedan chairs used by the emperor. The emperor of Baohe Hall gave a banquet. Every year during the Chinese New Year, the Qing emperor would host a banquet in Baohe Hall to entertain foreign princes, Mongolian princes, civil and military ministers. The examination room of the highest grade examination was the place where the court examination was held in the Qing Dynasty. In 54, the imperial examination was moved from the Hall of Supreme Harmony to the Hall of Baohe.

There are nine pearls in the Youlong designed between cliffs, sea water and floating clouds, and their images are full of movement and vitality. The stone of Yunlong Stone Carving comes from Shiwo in Fangshan, western Beijing. At that time, it took more than 10 thousand people to drag such a heavy boulder to Beijing, and it was a dry boat. To this end, a well is dug every mile along the way for migrant workers to drink water. It took nearly a month to transport the goods from Fangshan to Beijing. Although this way of hauling was difficult, it also showed the talent and wisdom of workers at that time's productivity level. A thousand dragons spit water. Qianlong is a 1000 stone faucet protruding from the bottom of the column. When it rains, rainwater flows out from Longkou, which organically combines the practical function of diverting rainwater with the ornamental function of architectural art. The spectacular scene of dragon spitting water comes from the three-story platform above the three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe and Baohe. Three sets, covering an area of about 2500 square meters, are made of large pieces of white marble. Sumi Mountain is carved at the bottom of each platform. On the pedestal, there is a huge rectangular stone strip named Defoe. There are observation posts between floors, and fence boards are installed between observation posts. Under them, a drain was dug. There is a stone faucet under each pillar, a total of three sets. * * There are 1 142 faucets. Except for the faucet protruding from the corner of each floor of the platform base, round holes are drilled between the lips of other faucets, which communicate with the holes under the watchtower. Because the design of the mesa is that the middle is higher than the periphery, whenever it rains, the rainwater falling on the three mesas will naturally bypass the bottom of the terrain and then be discharged from Longkou, forming an endless water wonder. The rooms on the east and west sides of Baohe Hall became exhibition halls. To the north of Qingmen is the Palace, where the Queen lives. The Qing emperor listened to government affairs here, that is, the emperor came here to inspect and sat on the throne temporarily placed in the middle of the door to listen to important government affairs. Usually cabinet officials fight over this, and the emperor makes a decision by decree. Emperor Kangxi Michelle Ye was the most diligent. A college student once invited the emperor to the Imperial Gate to listen to politics every three or four days, but Emperor Kangxi still insisted on diligent listening to politics. He said that for more than 30 years, * * * has become a routine. In a few days, members of the Royal Gate will feel uneasy. Therefore, some state affairs at that time, such as the decision of the Qing army to counter the Russian invasion of jaxa, China, were decided when the Imperial Gate was in charge. Ten gold altars and ten gold-plated bronze jars were placed on both sides of the Gan Qing Gate, which matched the red palace wall. These golden pots are not only open-air furnishings in the palace, but more importantly, appliances for storing water and preventing fire. The water tank weighs more than 4000 kilograms and can hold more than 4000 kilograms of water. There are 22 similar gilded bronze cylinder palaces, as well as other styles of bronze cylinders and iron cylinders, totaling 308. The main hall of the Qing Palace is the main hall of the Qing Palace, with 9 rooms wide, 5 rooms deep and 20 meters high. There is a throne in the middle of the hall and a warm pavilion at both ends. 16 emperors' bedrooms 14 emperors of the Ming Dynasty and two emperors of Shunzhi and Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty all used Gan Qing Palace as their bedrooms. They live here and usually deal with daily affairs. During the period of Shunzhi and Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, there was a close relationship between the Qing palace and government affairs. The emperor studied here, reviewed the memorial, summoned officials, met foreign envoys, held court ceremonies and family banquets. On the back of the plaque is a plaque inscribed by the emperor shunzhi, the main hall of Gan Qing Palace in Qing Dynasty. Behind this board, there is a storage box that determines the fate of the prince. At that time, the infighting among governors for the throne was fierce. In order to alleviate this contradiction, from the Yongzheng dynasty, the secret storage method was adopted, that is, the emperor opened the storage unfairly

There are 2,000 banquets for the elderly in Gan Qing Palace, which were held in the 6th year of Kangxi (1year) and the 50th year of Qianlong (1785) respectively. The second time was much bigger than the first time. More than 3,000 ministers, officials, non-commissioned officers, people, craftsmen, etc. Old people over the age of 65 attended the grand banquet hosted by Emperor Qianlong. During the dinner, Emperor Qianlong also called the first minister and people over 90 years old to the throne and gave everyone wine and crutches. At the banquet, thousands of poems were written by combining sentences. In the Qing dynasty, officials of the Qing dynasty were also places where the spiritual fulcrum of the emperor was anchored after his death. Even if the emperor dies in other places, he must first transport his spiritual pivot (also called Zigong) to Gan Qing and park it for a few days. The emperor shunzhi died in hall of mental cultivation, Emperor Kangxi died in Changchun Garden, Yong Zhengdi died in Yuanmingyuan, and Emperor Xianfeng died in the summer resort. All their spiritual fulcrums were transported back to cadres and officials and parked here to commemorate them according to regulations. There are two stone benches on both sides of the platform in front of Gan Qing Palace. There is a gilded bronze pavilion on each stone bench, which is called the Golden Hall of Jiangshan State. It is also called golden pavilion in spoken language. The Golden Temple is deep and wide, with four double eaves and two sides. On the circular cushion-shaped cornice, there is a cast antique treasure top, which symbolizes that the country is in the hands of the emperor. There are three culverts, about two meters high and one meter wide, named Tiger Cave, located at the junction of Gan Qing Gonglou South and Yulu Road Street Wall. It is said that because of the strict hierarchy in the palace, the inner biography who served the emperor could not board the terrace and the royal avenue, but could only pass through the tiger's den. Anecdotes of the South Study Room There is a South Study Room in the South Room of the Qing Palace. It is said that the young Emperor Kangxi deposed Ao Bai here. At that time, Emperor Kangxi summoned Ao Bai and ordered tea. On-the-job service served tea in a boiled bowl and served it to Ao Bai. When Ao Bai picked up the tea, Chata was scalded and the tea bowl fell to the ground with a bang. Ao Bai, the housekeeper behind him, pushed the tampered chair, and Ao Bai fell to the ground. Emperor Kangxi shouted that Ao Bai was rude. A group of strong teenagers immediately came out and caught Ao Bai. Qian Qiu Festival in Jiaotai Hall was held in Qing Dynasty, and the Queen's birthday was called Qian Qiu Festival. On that day, the Queen will hold a ceremony in the Jiaotai Hall to receive greetings from the imperial concubine, the imperial concubine, the concubines, the princess and Fujin (the wife of the prince and the king of the county). Possession of twenty-five treasures is the exercise of the emperor's seal right. In the 13th year of Qianlong (1748), the emperor kept 25 treasures representing imperial power in Jiaotai Hall. These imperial seals are held by the cabinet and managed by the palace supervisor. When using it, you must ask the emperor for instructions and obtain permission to use it. Each seal collected here has different uses: the emperor's treasure, used to issue imperial edicts and recruit talents; The treasure of making law, life and morality is used to make officials and rewards; Six treasures, used in the military. The seal is put in a treasure box and wrapped in yellow silk. Now, the treasure chest is still displayed in the original position of Jiaotai Hall. The "dzmz" displayed in the Jiaotai Hall in dzmz was made by the Qing Palace Interior Office in the third year of Jiaqing (1798). Its shell is a wooden cabinet imitating China Pavilion, with a height of 5.80 meters, which is divided into upper, middle and lower floors. There is a small staircase behind the bell tower. You can ring the bell when you climb the stairs. After the bell rings, you can automatically punch in on time. Now, this clock has gone through 200 years, but it can still walk normally and accurately. When the bell rings, the sound is crisp and loud. It can be seen that its manufacturing process is excellent. ~ ~ If you agree with my answer, please click "Accept as satisfactory answer" in time ~ ~ Friends who ask questions on mobile phones can evaluate their satisfaction in the upper right corner of the client. ~ ~ Your adoption is my motivation ~~O(_)O, remember to praise adoption and help each other. thank you