Introduction to Xi’an’s history and culture

1. A brief introduction to the history of Xi'an

Xi'an was called "Fenghao" in the Western Zhou Dynasty. "Fenghao" is the collective name of Fengjing and Haojing built by King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou respectively. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bang established his capital in Guanzhong and named it "Chang'an" after the local Chang'an township, which means "long-lasting peace and stability."

After the opening of the Silk Road, Chang'an became the center of Eastern civilization. It is known in history as "Rome in the west and Chang'an in the east". During the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty Yang Jian was named "Duke of Daxing" by Emperor Ming of Zhou Dynasty, so he named the new capital "Daxing City". Chang'an was also called "Daxing" during the Sui Dynasty. city". During the Tang Dynasty, the name Chang'an was restored. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed "Fengyuan City".

In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), Ming Dynasty changed Fengyuan Road to Xi'an Prefecture, meaning "stability in the northwest". This is where the name Xi'an comes from.

Extended information

Xi'an is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation. Chang'an has been the capital for many times, and 13 dynasties including Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Xinmang, Eastern Han, Western Jin, Former Zhao, Former Qin, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui and Tang established their capitals here. Fenghao Capital, Qin Afang Palace, Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Han Dynasty Weiyang Palace, Changle Palace, Sui Dynasty Daxing City, Tang Dynasty Daming Palace, Xingqing Palace, etc. outline the "Chang'an Complex".

Xi'an is the best tourist destination in China and one of the cities with the best international image in China. Two and six heritage sites are included in the "World Heritage List", namely: The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Small Wild Goose Pagoda, the ruins of the Daming Palace in Chang'an City of the Tang Dynasty, the Weiyang Palace ruins of Chang'an City in the Han Dynasty, and the Xingjiao Temple and Tower.

There are also Xi'an City Wall, Bell and Drum Tower, Huaqing Pool, Zhongnan Mountain, Tang Furong Garden, Shaanxi History Museum, Forest of Steles and other attractions. Xi'an has 7 "double first-class" universities including Xi'an Jiaotong University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, and Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology.

The geological structure of Xi'an City spans two major units: the Qinling Geosyncline Fold Belt and the North China Platform. The Great Fault across the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was created during the Yanshan Movement about 130 million years ago. Since the late Tertiary Period about 3 million years ago, the neotectonic movement of the Qinling Geosynclinal Fold Belt south of the Great Fault has been extremely active. The mountain rises sharply from the north to the south, creating the Qinling Mountains.

At the same time, the Weihe River Fault Depression, which belongs to the North China Platform to the north of the big fault, continues to subside, forming the Weihe River Plain under the combined action of wind-laden loess cover and Weihe River alluvial action.

Xi'an is a western city that lacks water resources. The estimated groundwater reserves in Xi'an total about 1.991 billion cubic meters. In December 2001, the main project of the Heihe Water Conservancy Project was completed, supplying 400 million cubic meters of water to Xi'an every year, forming a daily water supply capacity of 1.2 million tons. Together with groundwater resources, the daily water supply capacity of the urban area can reach 1.72 million tons, basically meeting the needs of urban production and life. Use water.

Xi'an is one of the first batch of outstanding tourist cities in China. Its cultural relics are characterized by high resource density, good preservation and high level. Among the 155 basic types in the China Tourism Resource Census, Xi'an's tourism resources account for 89.

There are 72 imperial tombs around Xi'an, including the tomb of Qin Shihuang, the "one emperor through the ages", the ruins of the four major capitals of Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang, 11 tombs of emperors of the Western Han Dynasty and 18 tombs of emperors of the Tang Dynasty, large and small There are more than 700 ancient buildings such as Wild Goose Pagoda, Bell and Drum Tower, and ancient city walls.

Sogou Encyclopedia - Xi'an 2. History and culture of Xi'an

Xi'an, a world-famous historical city and the spiritual hometown of China.

Xi'an was called "Chang'an" and "Jingzhao" in ancient times. It is world-famous as one of the four ancient capitals in the world. It has been the capital for the longest time, the most dynasties, and the most influential capital in Chinese history. It is the cradle of the Chinese nation, the birthplace of Chinese civilization, and the representative of Chinese culture. It has a "natural "Historical Museum".

Xi'an, known as the "Golden City Thousand Miles and the Land of Abundance" in "Historical Records", is the birthplace of the Chinese nation. It was built by King Wen of Zhou Dynasty in the 12th century BC. It has had 21 dynasties and The political capital was established here and it was the ancient capital of 13 dynasties. The four most prosperous dynasties in Chinese history, Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang, all had their capitals in Xi'an.

The discovery of the Yangguanzhai ruins in Gaoling, Xi'an has advanced the history of Chinese cities to the late Neolithic Age 6,000 years ago, and also confirmed that Xi'an was the first city in world history.

Ethnicity: Han people account for 98.8% of the total population. Xi'an has 50 of China's 56 ethnic groups, with *** the largest population. Landmark buildings: Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Ming City Wall, Xi'an is a world-famous historical and cultural city with a long history, including the Daming Palace, Tang Furong Garden, and Small Wild Goose Pagoda. Xi'an is world-famous as one of the four ancient civilizations in the world, ranking first among the ancient capitals in China. It is the capital with the longest history, the most dynasties, and the greatest influence in Chinese history. It is the cradle of the Chinese nation and the birthplace of Chinese civilization. , representative of Chinese culture.

In ancient times, the "Lantian ape man" thrived here; the Neolithic "Banpo Ancestors" established tribes here. In the 11th century BC, King Wen of Zhou established Fenghao Erjing on both sides of the Feng River. Uncovering the glorious history of Xi'an as an imperial capital for thousands of years, it has a history of more than 3,100 years of city construction and more than 1,200 years of capital construction. 13 dynasties, including Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang, have established their capitals here. reputation. Xi'an was once China's political, economic and cultural center and the first city to open to the outside world. The famous Silk Road started from Xi'an; the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum, one of the "Eight Wonders of the World", demonstrate the city's powerful and profound historical and cultural heritage. .

Xi'an enjoys the reputation of "Natural History Museum" due to its long historical and cultural accumulation. The variety, quantity and value of cultural relics and monuments are second to none in the country, and many are rare treasures that are only available in China and rare in the world.

The names of "Xi'an City" in the past dynasties: Fengjing (Zhou) - Haojing (Zhou) - Xianyang (Qin) - Chang'an (Han) - Chang'an (Xin) - Chang'an (Southern and Northern Dynasties) - Daxing (Sui) - Chang'an (Tang) - Chang'an (Latter Liang) - Chang'an (Later Tang) - Chang'an (Song: note "Yongxing") - Chang'an (Yuan) - Chang'an (Ming) - Chang'an (Qing) - Chang'an (Republic of China) - Xijing ( Republic of China) - Xi'an City (Republic of China) "Xi'an": Zongzhou (Zhou) - Neishi (Qin) - Jingzhao (Han) - Jingzhao (New) - Jingzhao (Southern and Northern Dynasties) - Jingzhao Zhao (Sui) - Jingzhao (Tang) - Da'an (Latter Liang) - Jingzhao (Later Tang) - Jingzhao (Song) - Fengyuan (Yuan) - Xi'an (Ming) - Xi'an (Republic of China) - Xi'an (People's Republic of China* **The name Xi'an comes from about the 11th century BC to the end of the 9th AD. Xi'an has been the political, economic and cultural center of ancient China for a long time, and has always been the local administrative agency - state, county, prefecture, road. , the province and the administrative seat of Chang'an and Xianning counties. In most dynasties, Xi'an was organized at the county and prefectural levels.

In 1928, Xi'an was first established as a city. In 1948, it was changed from a provincial city to a city under the Executive Yuan of the People's Republic of China. In 1981, UNESCO designated Xi'an as a world historical city.

The ancient name of Chang'an was abolished. In the 5th year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC), Chang'an County was established. A new city was built in the territory of Chang'an County and named "Chang'an City". In the early years of the Republic of China, Chang'an belonged to Guanzhong Road and returned to the province. *** Direct jurisdiction. In 1928, the Republic of China decided to establish Xi'an City, dividing the city and four passes of Chang'an County into Xi'an City. In November 1930, Xi'an City *** was revoked, and the original Chang'an City area was still under the jurisdiction of Chang'an. , Chang'an County Chengguan District was established to manage Xi'an Chengguan administration. In 1942, the Xi'an Municipal Government Office was re-established, and Xi'an City was re-established the following year, and 230 square kilometers of the "Chang'an City" city gate and urban and rural areas were once again allocated to Xi'an City.

Since then, the ancient name of "Chang'an" has come to an end. 3. Introduction to the history of Xi'an

Xi'an was called Chang'an in ancient times; its previous names were: Daxing City, Jingzhao, Fengyuan, and Xijing.

It is the capital of Shaanxi Province of the People's Republic of China, one of the 15 sub-provincial cities in China, one of the 9 regional centers, and a world-famous historical and cultural city. Xi'an is the ancient capital with the longest history and the most dynasties since my country's written records. In particular, the four more glorious dynasties in Chinese history, Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang, all had their capitals here, which represents the history and culture of our country. mainstream.

Da Xi'an has cultural sites such as Han Chang'an City, Yangling, and Maoling. The Han Dynasty opened up the "Silk Road", which brought China to the world and made the world know China.

The Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system and established the Western Han Dynasty in Chang'an that lasted for more than 200 years and the unprecedentedly powerful Western Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty established the dominant position of Confucian culture and formed the Chinese nation with Han as the main body and Chinese culture as the representative. Therefore, foreign countries call the study of Chinese culture Sinology.

Greater Xi'an has cultural sites such as the Imperial City of the Tang Dynasty, Daming Palace, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Small Wild Goose Pagoda, Zhaoling Mausoleum, and Qianling Mausoleum. The Tang Dynasty was the pinnacle of China's feudal society and the culmination of Chinese traditional culture.

Tang Chang'an is the largest and most open city in Chinese history and a truly international metropolis. The Tang Dynasty lasted for nearly 300 years and integrated various cultures including Buddhist culture and Taoist culture. Traditional Chinese culture represented by Tang culture influenced the entire East and even the world.

Therefore, Greater Xi'an, which is based on the historical and cultural base of Chinese civilization, can be regarded as the unique spiritual home of the Chinese nation. Extended information Xi'an is an important birthplace of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation.

Chang'an has been an imperial capital since ancient times. Thirteen dynasties including Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Xinmang, Eastern Han, Western Jin, Former Zhao, Former Qin, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui and Tang were established here. All. Fenghao Capital, Qin Afang Palace, Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Han Dynasty Weiyang Palace, Changle Palace, Sui Dynasty Daxing City, Tang Dynasty Daming Palace, Xingqing Palace, etc. outline the "Chang'an complex".

The geological structure of Xi'an City spans two major units: the Qinling Geosyncline Fold Belt and the North China Platform. The Great Fault across the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was created during the Yanshan Movement about 130 million years ago. Since the late Tertiary Period about 3 million years ago, the neotectonic movement of the Qinling Geosynclinal Fold Belt south of the Great Fault has been extremely active. The mountain rises sharply from the north to the south, creating the Qinling Mountains.

At the same time, the Weihe River Fault Depression, which belongs to the North China Platform to the north of the big fault, continues to subside, forming the Weihe River Plain under the combined action of wind-laden loess cover and Weihe River alluvial action.

Reference: Xi'an - Baidu Encyclopedia.

4. Beautiful scenery and historical stories of Xi'an attractions in 50 words

Introduction to Xi'an's main tourist attractions 1. Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shi Huang The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang are listed as one of the "Eight Wonders of the World", and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang are part of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shi Huang was built on the basis of Qin Shi Huang’s burial pit. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang are located 3 kilometers outside the sunset east gate of the cemetery. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang are lifelike in shape and are identical. The chariots, infantry and cavalry of Qin Shi Huang’s Terracotta Warriors are arranged in various formations. The entire Qin Shihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum is large-scale and majestic. Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Warriors and Horses are listed as "the eight largest in the world". One of the miracles. 2. Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin is located at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain, about 5 kilometers east of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit. In 1987, UNESCO listed the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang (including the Terracotta Warriors and Horses) World Cultural Heritage Protection List. The mausoleum is large in scale and took 37 years to build. It is divided into two inner and outer cities, the inner city is square and the outer city is rectangular. The south of the cemetery is the tomb area. The current tomb is square and conical, with the bottom long from north to south. It is 515 meters wide, 485 meters wide from east to west, and 55 meters high. The tomb is full of structures and there are many treasures buried with it. Although the value of the Mausoleum of the First Emperor is extremely high, due to various reasons, it has not been possible to excavate it so far, so now you can only see it here To a huge mound, it is not very ornamental. 3. Huaqing Pool Huaqing Pool is also known as Huaqing Palace. Huaqing Pool is located in the east of Xi'an City and at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain. Huaqing Pool is 30 kilometers away from the historical and cultural city of Xi'an. Huaqing Pool has been a tourist bathing resort since ancient times. Huaqing Pool is one of the first batch of key scenic spots in the country. In 1997, the State Council announced that the Huaqing Palace ruins were among the fourth batch of key cultural relics protection units in the country. Huaqing Pool is close to the geographical location of the capital, with beautiful Lishan scenery and naturally created natural hot springs. The emperors of the past dynasties who established their capitals in Shaanxi. Huaqing Palace was built in the Tang Dynasty during the sixth year of Tianbao by Emperor Xuanzong (AD 747). Huaqing Pool was a place where Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei played and bathed. The water temperature of Huaqing Pool Lishan Hot Spring is maintained at 43 degrees all year round. Huaqing Pool is known as "flowing with the sun and the moon, neither full nor empty" and is a tourist and bathing resort. 4. Lishan Lishan is located in the south of Lintong County, Xi'an, and is a branch of the Qinling Mountains. The highest peak, Jiulongding, is 1,301.9 meters above sea level. The evergreen pines and cypresses look like a green Li horse from a distance, hence the name "Lishan". Lishan is also known as "Xiuling". Whenever the sun goes down, Lishan is reflected in the golden sunset, and the scenery is particularly beautiful. , has the reputation of "Lishan Evening Photo"... 5. Shaanxi History Museum is located on the northwest side of the intersection of Xiaozhai East Road and Cuihua Road in Xi'an City, covering an area of ??about 70,000 square meters. It is a national history museum and one of the most important in China. The largest and most modern history museum. The museum is a group of buildings imitating the Tang Dynasty. It is divided into three exhibition halls. The more than 3,000 cultural relics on display are selected from hundreds of thousands of cultural relics unearthed in Shaanxi Province. Most of them are rare treasures with extremely high artistic value. 6. Big Wild Goose Pagoda The Big Wild Goose Pagoda is located in Daci'en Temple in the southern suburbs. It is a famous ancient building in the country and is regarded as a symbol of the ancient capital of Xi'an. It is said that Tang Monk came from India (ancient Tianzhu) After returning from the Buddhist scriptures, it was a place specializing in translating and storing scriptures. It was named the Wild Goose Pagoda because it was built in the style of the Indian Wild Goose Pagoda. Since a smaller Wild Goose Pagoda was later built in the Jianfu Temple in Chang'an, people named it the Wild Goose Pagoda to distinguish it. The Ci'en Temple Pagoda is called the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and the Jianfu Temple Pagoda is called the Small Wild Goose Pagoda, which has been passed down to this day. The Big Wild Goose Pagoda is square in plan and is built on a platform about 45 meters square and 5 meters high. The tower has seven floors, and the bottom side is long. 25 meters from ground 7. Small Wild Goose Pagoda The Small Wild Goose Pagoda is located in Jianfu Temple, 1 km away from Xi'an City. Jianfu Temple was founded in 684 AD and was built to offer blessings to Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty a hundred days after his death, so It was originally called Xianfu Temple. It was renamed Jianfu Temple in 698 AD. The Big Wild Goose Pagoda and the Small Wild Goose Pagoda are two important symbols that have been preserved to this day in the ancient capital of Chang'an. The Small Wild Goose Pagoda and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda face each other from east to west. Because they are smaller in size than the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, they are called the Small Wild Goose Pagoda. Pagoda. The word "small" is small for delicacy and elegance, but also small for stinginess. It is completely different from the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in terms of reputation and momentum. 8. Forest of Steles Museum Xi'an Forest of Steles is located in Sanxue, a famous ancient city in Xi'an. Street (due to the Chang'an studies, Fu studies,

Xianning School was named after it was located here). It was established in the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1078 AD) to preserve the "Kaicheng Stone Classic". For more than 900 years, it has been collected from generation to generation, the collection has been expanded, and the collection has been carefully protected. There are nearly 3,000 square meters of stele stones. There are currently six stele corridors, seven stele chambers, and eight stele pavilions, with a total of 1,087 square stele stones on display. In the exhibition room where famous steles gather, the It contains the vast stone scriptures of sages and philosophers; the simple legacy of the literati of the Qin and Han Dynasties; the splendor of the epitaphs of the Wei, Jin and Northern Dynasties; the peerless calligraphy of the famous Tang Dynasty masters and the elegant pen and ink of the famous scholars of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The calligraphy sage Wang Xizhi and the painting sage Wu Daozi share the same brilliance in calligraphy and painting. Wang Wei's bamboo shadows and refreshing breeze, who are both masters of pen and ink as well as poetry and painting, add splendor to the forest of steles. With its unique characteristics, the forest of steles in Xi'an has become an important part of the treasure house of historical cultural relics of the Chinese nation. In 1962, it was announced as the first in China. A batch of key cultural relics protection units. 9. The Bell Tower is one of the largest, most magnificent and best-preserved Ming Dynasty buildings in my country. With its magnificent majesty, it stands in the center of Xi'an, at the intersection of four streets, east, west, south and north. It is the ancient city of Xi'an. The landmark building is known as the "Pearl of the Ancient City". 10. Drum Tower Xi'an Drum Tower is located at the southern end of the North Gate of West Street in Xi'an City, facing the Bell Tower in the east. The Drum Tower was built in the 13th year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty (1380), and the Qing Dynasty It was rebuilt twice in the thirty-eighth year of Kangxi's reign (1699) and in the fifth year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1740). There was originally a giant drum upstairs, which was beaten to tell time every day, so it was called "Drum Tower". After years of vicissitudes, the giant drum has long since disappeared. , only the Drum Tower stands majestically. 11. Banpo Museum Xi'an Banpo Site, also known as Banpo Site Museum, is located in Banpo Village, about six kilometers east of Xi'an City. It is the largest and best-preserved matriarchal commune village site in the Yellow River Basin. , with a history of 6,000 years ago. It belongs to the Yangshao Culture. More than 400 such sites have been discovered in the Guanzhong area of ??the Yellow River Basin alone. Therefore, the Yellow River Basin is known as the birthplace of ancient Chinese culture. 12. Xi'an City Wall Xi'an City Wall Built in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty (1370-1378), it was expanded based on the Sui and Tang imperial city walls in the 6th century AD, with a circumference of 13,912 meters. The wall is 12 meters high, 18 meters wide at the bottom, and 15 meters wide at the top. The thickness is greater than the height. The building is stable and solid. Since the city ring construction project started in 1983, it has been gradually completed with the ancient city wall as the main line and supplementary. 5. My hometown - Xi'an composition

"My family lives on a high loess slope, and strong winds blow from my door..." Let you guess where my hometown is in Xi'an.

That’s right! ! My hometown is Xi'an. Now let me introduce to you my hometown Xi'an.

Xi'an is known as the "ancient capital of six dynasties" in China. As an ancient capital, its ancient history and culture are comparable to that of Beijing.

Xi'an was known as Chang'an in ancient times. Thirteen emperors established their capitals here. The first emperor to establish their capitals here was Qin Shihuang. Xi'an has many famous historical buildings, such as: Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum, Xi'an Ancient City Wall, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Dafa Temple, and two Terracotta Warriors and Horses pits.

There are two large pits of terracotta warriors and horses that were excavated a few years ago.

Some of the terracotta warriors and horses were holding big swords and staring straight ahead, as if they were about to rush over and kill the enemies at any time. Some terracotta warriors and horses were staring into the distance, as if they were missing their relatives in their hometown, and some The terracotta warriors and horses hold the flagpole, as if they are commanding the army to kill the enemy. Big Pit No. 1 is as big as several basketball courts, and Big Pit No. 2 is as big as dozens of badminton courts. They are lined with thousands of terracotta warriors and horses.

Xi'an also has some tourist attractions. If you come to Xi'an, I recommend you to go to Huashan Mountain, which is "the most dangerous place in the world". Huashan Mountain is not only called "the most dangerous place in the world", but it is also known as one of the Five Mountains! ! After talking about playing, it’s time to talk about food.

Xi'an not only has historical relics and tourist attractions, but also has a lot of flavors, special snacks, and delicacies, such as: mutton steamed buns, roujiamo, cold skin, rice noodles, steamed noodles, and oily noodles. Face and so on. Among them, I like to eat fried noodles and roujiamo the most, and my mother likes to eat rice noodles the most.

That’s right! Xi'an also has the most famous specialty dumplings, whose skins are all colored.

Don't think that these things are made of pigments. In fact, they are crushed with vegetable juice and put into the dumpling wrappers.

At this time, as long as you put it in your mouth, the fragrance of vegetables will be felt from the tip of your tongue to your heart. In recent years, Xi'an has built a new attraction called Tang Furong Garden.

It was modeled after the emperor’s royal garden during the Tang Dynasty. It is brightly lit every night and is very beautiful. Every time, people will wear clothes and decorations from the Tang Dynasty, sing and dance.

And the annual coming-of-age ceremony will also be held here. Today, I will introduce it here.

I hope you can come to Xi'an when you have time. Thanks. 6. Historical and cultural characteristics of Xi'an

Historical and cultural characteristics of Xi'an: 1. Dialect: Qin Opera, which is popular in Guanzhong and northwest places, is also called Luantan, also called "Bangzi Opera", commonly known as "Huanghuanzi".

Shaanxi dialect, one of the Mandarin languages ??in the Central Plains represented by Guanzhong dialect, is the Xi'an dialect. Although it is deeply influenced by Mandarin, it still retains some ancient pronunciation and ancient word usage. 2. Drama: Qin Opera, popular in Shaanxi and northwest places, is also known as Luantan and "Bangzi Opera". It is the oldest, richest and largest system of tunes among the four major tunes of Chinese opera.

Nuo dance Zhongkui, which is popular in the hometown of Zhongkui in Huxian County, is a living fossil of Chinese opera dance. Nuo is the originator of traditional Chinese medicine. 3. Painting: The Chang'an School of Chinese traditional painting, the Guanzhong shadow play that originated before the Han Dynasty, the Shaanxi puppet show that originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the colorful Huxian farmers' paintings of Zhong Kui's hometown Zhong Kui are all indispensable and important in Xi'an culture. components.

Extended information: Xi'an, known as "Chang'an" and "Jingzhao" in ancient times, is known as the four ancient capitals in the world along with Athens, Rome and Cairo. Xi'an is the capital city with the longest history, the most dynasties, and the greatest influence in Chinese history. It is the cradle of the Chinese nation, the birthplace of Chinese civilization, and the representative of Chinese culture. It is known as the "Museum of Natural History."

Xi'an's cultural heritage resources are dense, well-preserved and of high grade. Enter Xi'an culture and start your historical and cultural journey.

Xi'an was praised by the ancestors of the Chinese nation in "Historical Records" as "a golden city thousands of miles away, a land of abundance". The "Lantian ape man" thrived here, the Neolithic "Banpo ancestors" established tribes here, and the ancestors of the Zhou people originated here.

In the 11th century BC, King Wen of Zhou established the Fenghao Capital on both sides of the Feng River, which opened the glorious history of Xi'an as an imperial capital for thousands of years. It has a history of more than 3,100 years of city building and more than 1,200 years of capital building. Xi'an is known as the "Ancient Capital of Thirteen Dynasties", mainly from the Han and Tang Dynasties.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the tombs of previous emperors scattered around Guanzhong show the city’s powerful and profound historical and cultural heritage. The long historical and cultural accumulation has given Xi’an the reputation of “Natural History Museum”. People's Daily Online - What are the cultural characteristics of the six ancient capitals. 7. Xi'an's history and culture

As the birthplace of Chinese civilization, Xi'an has a long history and rich cultural heritage. It is one of the first batch of national historical and cultural cities promulgated by the Republic of China. The people of Guanzhong, centered in Xi'an, summarize their lifestyle and folk customs into the top ten weirdos of Guanzhong. They are -

Noodles are like belts, pot helmets are like pot lids,

Spicy is a dish, and steamed buns are sold in big bowls,

The bowls and basins are difficult to separate, and the papa is worn on the head,

The house is half-built, and the girl is not open to the public,

Don't sit down and squat, sing and roar

In the Forest of Steles in Xi'an, there is a Qing Dynasty stele that records the eight famous scenic spots in Guanzhong centered on Xi'an. They are called the Eight Scenic Spots of Guanzhong, also known as Eight Scenes of Chang'an.

These eight sceneries are -

Huayue Celestial Palm, Lishan Mountain Evening Photo,

Wind and Snow in Baliu, Qujiang River Drinking,

Morning Bell of Wild Goose Pagoda, Xianyang Ancient Ferry,

Smoke in thatched cottage, Taibai snow

Qinqiang, which is popular in Shaanxi and northwest places, is also known as Luantan and "Bangzi Opera". It is one of the four major tunes of Chinese opera. The oldest, richest and largest vocal system. Shaanxi dialect, one of the northwest dialects represented by Xi'an dialect. Xi'an's food culture is also extensive and profound. As a representative of northwest China's food, Xi'an snacks are the most famous, and **'s ** food accounts for a large proportion of them. The Chang'an School of Chinese traditional painting, the Guanzhong shadow play that originated before the Han Dynasty, the Shaanxi puppet show that originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the colorful Huxian peasant paintings are all indispensable and important components of Xi'an culture. 8. Xi’an’s history and culture

Xi’an, a world-famous historical city and the spiritual hometown of China. Xi'an was called "Chang'an" and "Jingzhao" in ancient times. It is world-famous as one of the four ancient capitals in the world. It has been the capital for the longest time, the most dynasties, and the most influential capital in Chinese history. It is the cradle of the Chinese nation, the birthplace of Chinese civilization, and the representative of Chinese culture. It has a "natural "Historical Museum". Xi'an, known as "The Golden City Thousand Miles and the Land of Abundance" in "Historical Records", is the birthplace of the Chinese nation. It was built by King Wen of Zhou in the 12th century BC. 21 dynasties and regimes have successively established their capitals here. The ancient capital of 13 dynasties, the four most prosperous dynasties in Chinese history, Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang, all had their capitals in Xi'an. The discovery of the Yangguanzhai ruins in Gaoling, Xi'an has advanced the history of Chinese cities to the late Neolithic Age 6,000 years ago, and also confirmed that Xi'an was the first city in world history. Ethnicity: Han people account for 98.8% of the total population. Xi'an has 50 of China's 56 ethnic groups, with *** the largest population. Landmark buildings: Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Ming City Wall, Daming Palace, Tang Furong Garden , Small Wild Goose Pagoda, etc.

Xi'an is a world-famous historical and cultural city with a long history. Xi'an is world-famous as one of the four ancient civilizations in the world, ranking first among the ancient capitals in China. It is the capital with the longest history, the most dynasties, and the greatest influence in Chinese history. It is the cradle of the Chinese nation and the birthplace of Chinese civilization. , representative of Chinese culture. In ancient times, the "Lantian Ape Man" thrived here; the Neolithic "Banpo Ancestors" established tribes here; in the 11th century BC, King Wen of Zhou established Fenghao Capital on both sides of the Feng River, thus unveiling the history of Xi'an's thousand-year imperial capital With a glorious history of more than 3,100 years as a city and more than 1,200 years as a capital, 13 dynasties including Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang have established their capitals here. It has the reputation of "the ancient imperial state in the middle of Qin". Xi'an was once China's political, economic and cultural center and the first city to open to the outside world. The famous Silk Road started from Xi'an; the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum, one of the "Eight Wonders of the World", demonstrate the city's powerful and profound historical and cultural heritage. . The long historical and cultural accumulation has given Xi'an the reputation of "Natural History Museum". The variety, quantity and value of cultural relics and monuments are second to none in the country, and many are rare treasures that are only available in China and rare in the world.

Names of the past dynasties

"Xi'an City": Fengjing (Zhou) - Haojing (Zhou) - Xianyang (Qin) - Chang'an (Han) - Chang'an (Xin) - Chang'an ( Southern and Northern Dynasties)-Daxing (Sui)-Chang'an (Tang)-Chang'an (Later Liang)-Chang'an (Later Tang)-Chang'an (Song: note "Yongxing")-Chang'an (Yuan)-Chang'an (Ming)-Chang'an (Qing)-Chang'an (Republic of China) - Xijing (Republic of China) - Xi'an City (Republic of China) "Xi'an": Zong Zhou (Zhou) - Neishi (Qin) - Jingzhao (Han) - Jingzhao (New) - Jingzhao (Southern and Northern Dynasties) - Jingzhao (Sui) - Jingzhao (Tang) - Da'an (Latter Liang) - Jingzhao (Later Tang) - Jingzhao (Song) - Fengyuan (Yuan) - Xi'an (Ming) - Xi'an (Republic of China) )-Xi'an (the People's Republic of China)

The origin of the name Xi'an

From about the 11th century BC to the end of the 9th AD, Xi'an was the political center of ancient China for a long time. , economic and cultural center, and has always been the seat of local administrative agencies - states, counties, prefectures, roads, provinces and Chang'an and Xianning counties. In most dynasties, Xi'an was organized at the county and prefectural levels. In 1928, Xi'an was first established as a city. In 1948, it was changed from a provincial city to a city under the Executive Yuan of the Kuomintang. In 1981, UNESCO designated Xi'an as a world historical city.

The abolition of the ancient name of Chang'an

In the 5th year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC), Chang'an County was established, and a new city was built in Chang'an County and named "Chang'an City". In the early years of the Republic of China, Chang'an belongs to Guanzhong Road and is under the direct jurisdiction of the Provincial Government. In 1928, the Government of the Republic of China decided to establish Xi'an City and divided the city and four passes of Chang'an County into Xi'an City. In November 1930, the Xi'an City Government was revoked and the original plan was The ground area of ??Chang'an City is still under the jurisdiction of Chang'an, and Chang'an County Chengguan District is established to manage Xi'an Chengguan administration. In 1942, the Xi'an Municipal Administration was re-established, and the following year Xi'an City was re-established, and 230 square kilometers of the "Chang'an City" city gate and urban and rural areas were once again allocated to Xi'an City. Since then, the ancient name of "Chang'an" has come to an end. 9. Xi'an Culture

Xi'an, known as Chang'an in ancient times, is the capital of Shaanxi Province. It is located in the south-central part of the Guanzhong Plain. It borders the Wei River to the north, Zhongnan Mountain to the south, and is surrounded by meandering streams. It is said that "eight rivers surround Chang'an". The climate is suitable, the land is fertile, the products are rich, and the scenery is beautiful. It has the reputation of "Eight Scenic Spots in Guanzhong". The city governs eight districts and five counties, covering an area of ??more than 9,977 square kilometers and a population of more than 6.18 million. It is the largest city in northwest my country.

This thousand-year-old ancient capital at the foot of the Qinling Mountains and on the shore of the Wei River has the stronghold of Tongguan in the east and the danger of disintegration in the west. In the north, the Chi Road built by the Qin Dynasty, which is hundreds of meters wide and stretches for thousands of miles, leads directly to the Mongolian grassland. It is the main artery for fighting against the Xiongnu and supplying supplies. In the south, there are Ziwu Road, Fanluo Road, Baoxie Road and Chencang Road that can cross Hanzhong. Arriving at Bashu; the Wuguan Road in the Shangluo Mountains in the southeast is the throat leading to the Chu Land. In ancient times, Chang'an had convenient transportation, both land and water, and a dangerous terrain that was easy to defend and difficult to attack. It has always been a battleground for military strategists and a place for emperors to successfully establish their careers.

China is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world, and Xi'an is one of the seven most famous ancient capitals in China. Xi'an has made unparalleled contributions to the formation and development of Chinese history and traditional culture. For more than a thousand years, Xi'an has been the capital of more than ten dynasties in China and a stage for displaying Chinese history.

For thousands of years, the Zhou people made rituals and music here, offered sacrifices and banquets, and cast rituals in gold and stone, leaving lingering traces for a long time; the Qin people marched eastward here, sweeping across Liuhe, creating a centralized government, and hanging on. It has remained unchanged for a hundred generations; as for the Han and Tang dynasties, it was the starting point of the silk road connecting the East and the West. It was also an oriental metropolis that converged from all directions and gathered guests. Its brilliance attracted the attention and admiration of the whole world. Xi'an's historical and cultural heritage is so profound that it is reflected in the cultural relics in material form. It can be said that there are treasures everywhere. When you walk on the streets, you are treading on the path that the emperor has walked on; when you are hiking in the countryside, you will find imperial mausoleums and the tombs of dignitaries, relatives of the emperor, and literati. Bricks and Song Dynasty porcelain are not unusual; if you dig three feet into the ground, you might find a soldier and horse servant, which is amazing. .