Liyuan sideline

Mahuqin shop, Qu musical instrument shop. In the third year of Qing Dynasty (19 1 1), Jinghu technician Ma Liang set up a shop at the east entrance of Liulichang to produce Peking Opera. After opening, he became a technician and operator, and recruited Shi, Fu Lishan and Zhang He to teach skills. 1938, his son Ma inherited his father's business. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was merged into Beijing National Musical Instrument Factory on 1956.

Ma (1892 ~ 1943), Jinghu production technician, founder of Hu Qinpu, farmer's family in Caihuying outside Guang 'anmen. Because of his poor family background, he was introduced as an apprentice to Wen Sheng Zhaihuqinpu in Liulichang in the 31st year of Guangxu (1905). After working for three years, I opened a shop at the east entrance of Xuan Tong Liulichang (19 1 1). Jing Hu, which he played, is famous all over the world, and has close contacts with Sun Zuochen, Geng Yi, Lu Wu and Zhao Guoyuan, who are known as the ancestors of pianists. Ma innovated and reformed Beijing Opera instrumental music from material selection to techniques. He removed the three-layer top of the piano, made the original piano thicker and longer, shortened the barrel, increased the diameter, and updated the look and feel to the sound quality and volume, reaching a relatively perfect level. The famous violinists Xu Lanyuan, Yang Baozhong and Wang Shaoqing are all made of horses. 1943, Ma died of illness in Beijing at the age of 5 1 year. Shi Shanpeng and Shi Shanpeng Zhu Qin Social Shi Shanpeng (1909 ~ 196 1 year) is a producer of Jinghu. Originally from Xiji Shidongyi, Tongxian County. My mother died in her early years, and my brothers and sisters died one after another. 12 years old, because of poverty, with the support of menstruation, she went to Beijing to learn the craft of making Jinghu in Liulichang Maliangzheng Huqinpu. Because of his devotion to study and dedication, he is the best of all his disciples. 1930, Shi Shanpeng, who had been a teacher for five years, was hired as a Jinghu producer by Tianjin Jiushengzhai Huqinpu. Two years later, he returned to Beijing and opened a shop called "Shishanpeng Zhuqin Club" at the west exit of Guaxie Street in Li Tie. His business purpose is: not greedy for profit in business, and strive for perfection in technology. Strictly fulfill the promise of exquisite materials, refined technology, accurate specifications, exquisite styles and reasonable prices, and voluntarily repair the piano for famous piano teachers. In order to make Jinghu feel exquisite and luxurious, we are determined to innovate in material selection and technology, and develop a variety of piano poles on the basis of solid, smooth and beautiful texture. Such as: purple robe, tiger skin, twist, eel yellow, flower waist horizontal jade belt. In order to beautify and decorate the piano body, he created colored paintings on the piano stem, the piano barrel was dry and round, the piano shaft was made of boxwood or Dalbergia odorifera, made into a hairpin shape, and carved into the shape of a jade reed stick to form an beautiful and applicable Jinghu.

In order to make the sound quality of Jinghu pure and the volume moderate, he often goes to various places in the theater audience to verify the role of timbre in setting off the plot, and discusses with the pianist how to improve Jinghu. Through practice, he realized that all techniques can achieve perfect and satisfactory results according to the differences of geographical climate, position and pianist's position, so he became one of the most famous Huqin producers in Beijing since the 1940s. Qin masters such as Zhao Jigang, Shen Yucai, Tu Chucai, Liu Haoting, Yang Baozhong, He Shunxin, Du Kuisan, Wang Fuzhi, Zhou Wengui, etc. They all practiced Hu Qin's historical school.

Shi Shanpeng has also made great contributions to teaching and artistic inheritance. He studied under eight disciples, including Tan Xiande, Shi Zhiyi and Zheng. Under his training, Shi Zhixian, his son, devoted himself to the development of Jinghu during more than 40 years of participating in the work of Beijing national musical instruments, constantly improved the operation methods, and inherited and developed the production art of Shipai Jinghu. 1982, Shi Yousheng, the grandson of Shi Shanpeng, inherited his ancestral business after graduating from high school and listed for business in Xinhua South Street. Beijing No.1 Musical Instrument Production Cooperative Opera Musical Instrument Production Organization. 1 25th, 1954, opened a shop at the south exit of Xinhua South Street (now Xiangtong Music Store) outside Heping Gate. It was initiated and founded by Dong Yuhua,,, Lin Wanxiang, Han Fengyi, Zhang, Si and Liang Shouchang. Then Hu, Gai Xiangdong, Volkswagen, Wen Sheng Zhai, Shi Shanpeng, Vowel Zhai, Xinshengzhai, Shenghe Zhai, Mingyin Zhai, Deshengyong, Deliyong, Deshengchang and other workshops, as well as Kang Shuangquan, Zhou Faqi, Gao Hongkai, Zhang, Liu Guangju, Fu, Yang Tianlai, Fu. The government appointed Jin Fulin as secretary and elected Han Fengyi as director. All the products produced in this shop are national musical instruments. There are erhu, banhu, jinghu, jinghu, alto hu, bass hu, pendant hu, sanxian, pipa, Ruan, sheng, pipe, flute, flute, sea flute, suona, dulcimer, xylophone, board, drum and bangzi. 1980 10, merged into Beijing National Musical Instrument Factory.

National musical instrument purchase and sale joint venture group opera accompaniment musical instrument joint venture 1954, Liulichang was established in Xuanwu District. It is composed of seven musical instrument workshops: Wenshengzhai, Wenxingzhai, Ma, Gonghexing, Youlian, Guyuange and Chen Shaoxuan. Joint purchase, joint sale and joint operation of musical instruments produced. 1956, merged into Beijing National Musical Instrument Factory.

Baziwei and its founder, Baziwei, are workshops of traditional Chinese opera props, which are the general names of Zhongshan and Yongping workshops. Wei is good at making all kinds of difficult and sophisticated mobile phones.

Wei Zhongshan (1899 ~ 1982) is the founder of Zhongshan bazifang and baziwei. Born in Fan Village, Puhe Township, Hebei Province. Because 19 13 and 14 were poor, they came to Beijing to beg. In order to make a living, he went to Zhangbei County and other places outside the mouth to buy larks at a low price, and then shipped them back to Beijing for sale, leading a meager life. 19 15 years, he was introduced to Zhao Jiaxue's opera. Because he studied hard and was good at studying, he quickly mastered and mastered various production procedures. 192 1 After school started, he took his family from his hometown and organized the second brother Yongping and the third brother Yongting and their school-age families. He also recruited Yang Guoqiang from Tongxian County as his apprentice, opened a workshop in the south room of the middle section of the Xuewai Road Captain Camp, and opened a shop in downtown Cao Xi 107. After 1936, the second brother established Yongping. Because Zhongshan and Yongping are brothers, they are both marked "Baziwei". In addition, because of their exquisite craftsmanship, firm structure and moderate size, No.2 quickly won the praise of many famous pear orchards in Beijing and peers around the world.

The hilt made by Wei is strong and durable, and the actors can use it easily. For example, some big guns, others, Gao Shenglin's Qinglong Dao, Mei Lanfang's double guns, Li's forged copper double mace, were shut by flagpoles and more than a dozen double-headed guns, and so on. All parts are required to have a certain weight, so the material selection must be strict and the technology must be accurate, so that the total weight of the assembled finished product will not be wrong. These conditions can ensure the timely delivery of Baziwei with good quality and quantity.

Wei Yongting played a major role in the improvement and development of the hilt, such as the fairy in The Journey to the West, the fish, turtle, shrimp and crab in The Legend of the White Snake, the eight treasures used by the Eight Immortals, the deer tendon gun used by Bailong, the shoulder pole gun used by Shi Xiu and the curtain rod, all of which were made by Yong Ting. 1In July, 956, Wei Zhongshan led the Second Regiment into Beijing Theatre Factory. 1960 retired, 1982 died at the age of 83. Deju Helmet Shop and Li Yongping Technician Helmet Shop are shops that make helmets and headdresses for characters in traditional China dramas. The first helmet shop in Beijing was founded by a man named Cao in the 29th year of Guangxu reign (1903). The name of the store is Deju Helmet Store, and the address is in the west of the middle section of Shaanxi Lane in Xuanwu District. Because the owner's surname is Cao, people call him Helmet Head Cao. After the establishment of Deju Guidian, Li Yongping was hired as a production technician, and several apprentices were recruited, specializing in opera students, headdresses, helmets and dunkou. Most of the headgear products of Liancheng, Sanlehui, Binqinghui, Rongchunhui, Mingchunhui and other classes are customized in this store.

Li Yongping (1882 ~ 1958). Beijing opera helmet production technician. In the eighth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1882), he was born in a peasant family in Yangfang Village, Shunyi County, a suburb of Beijing. At the age of sixteen, I was introduced as an apprentice to the headline synonymous paper shop in Langfang, Beijing. 1900 After the Boxer Movement, business was depressed and he returned to his hometown to farm. 1903, at the invitation of Cao, the shopkeeper of Shaanxi Xiangde Jukui Store, he was hired as a technician in the store, responsible for helmet head design and teaching students. Since then, there have been workshops and outlets specializing in the production or operation of traditional Chinese opera helmets in Beijing. Li Yongping was the chief technician in Kyoto at that time. Since then, most of the skilled workers who made traditional Chinese opera helmets and hairpin headdresses have gone out. 1906, Li Yongping was employed by Yongju helmet store as a technician. 1945, I accepted the invitation of Xu, the owner of Jushun helmet store, to be the technician of the store. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), in 1955, Jushun Helmet Store was merged into Peking Opera Helmet Tool Production Cooperative. After joining the club, all skilled workers were rated as one to eight grades according to technical standards, and their wages were also divided into eight grades according to grades. The highest eight, salary 82 yuan. Li Yongping has been designated as the only super-class worker in this industry in the city, and is known as a lifelong old skilled worker with a salary of 100 yuan. 1958, died in our unit at the age of 76. Longshengzhai and "Boot High" Longshengzhai are the first shops specializing in opera boots and shoes in Beijing. It used to be run by a shoe store or a clothing appraisal company. 1920 opened a shop in Daqijia Hutong, named Longshengzhai, which was funded by a person with a high surname. As a design and production technician, I undertake and operate products such as thick soles, thin soles, colored soles, play shoes, fish-scale shoes, Buddha shoes, official tips, tiger-headed combat boots, square soaps, expert shoes and hiking shoes. The boots and shoes produced by our shop are marked with the word "Boot Height" on the inner wall, so it is called "Boot Height" by peers and opera circles, but Longshengzhai is little known. Later, most of the opera boots and shoes shops and skilled workers in this city came from Gao's disciples. 1948 or so, stopped because of the current political turmoil.