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Liaogan composition
What is "Liaogan" in 1 This is the custom of Chinese New Year in Wuzhong, our hometown in Ningxia.
Every year on the 23rd day of the first month, when night falls, every household should light Artemisia and wheat straw prepared during the day. The family sat around the fire, talking and laughing, and the fire made people blush. As soon as the fire started, the adults took some salt out of the fire and crackled. It is said that this can avoid evil spirits and disasters.
Drying has already started. One by one, the whole family jumped from one side of the fire to the other. The atmosphere was unusually warm, and shouts came and went. If relatives are not at home, the family will take out their hats or clothes and let them burn them. Old people say that when the weather is dry, people's bad luck can be burned and they can be safe for a year.
The fire went out in people's laughter. When the firewood was burned out, the owner raised the firewood ash with a shovel and sparks flew in the air. According to the flying direction and shape of Mars, knowledgeable people will shout "Maihua", "Maihua", "Millet Flower" and "Corn Flower". According to adults, what flowers appear means what crops will be harvested this year. Followed by "stepping on a mouse", everyone scrambled to destroy the remaining Mars on the ground with their feet. Stepping on Mars is stepping on a mouse.
Now, with the improvement of cultural level, hometown people gradually realize the backwardness of this folk superstition, and such activities are gradually decreasing, but people's desire to pray for the safety of their loved ones and look forward to a good year will never change.
My hometown Yanchi County in Ningxia is located at the junction of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. There are many rural customs here, so let's say New Year, from the 30th to 23rd of the first month.
On the 23rd day of the first month, the festive atmosphere still hangs over the ancient city. Whenever night falls, every household will light the firewood prepared during the day, and the family will sit around the fire and laugh. The fire will make people blush and heartbeat. As soon as the fire started, the adults put some salt into it and crackled. It is said that this can avoid evil spirits and disasters. The burning began, and the family jumped from one end of the fire to the other one by one. The atmosphere is very warm. If a relative is not at home, take out his or her hat or clothes and let them burn. Old people say that when it is dry, people's bad luck will be gone and they can be safe for one year.
When the firewood was burned out, the owner raised the firewood ash with a shovel and Mars flew in the air. According to the direction and shape of Mars, "knowledgeable people" will shout out "wheat flowers", "buckwheat flowers", "millet flowers" and "corn flowers", and what flowers appear means what crops will be harvested this year. Under normal circumstances, what flowers appear, pinning people's desire for a comprehensive harvest. Mars fell to the ground. Followed by "stepping on a mouse", everyone scrambled to destroy the remaining Mars on the ground with their feet. Stepping on a Mars is equivalent to stepping on a mouse, and laughter resounds through the city.
With the development of the times, people who pay attention to environmental protection gradually realize the backwardness of this folk custom, and now fewer and fewer people are dying out.
Yesterday was the 23rd day of the first lunar month, and it was burned at night.
After dinner, I helped grandpa tear off the couplets posted on the door, took down the red lanterns and put them in a cardboard box. I also found some plastic foam and cardboard, took a bunch of firecrackers and hugged a lot. Light it at the gate of the community, and the fire will flourish. Firecrackers attracted many people, men and women, old people and children. Our community has it, and so does the Dongguayuan community across the street. They also brought many couplets and cartons and threw them into the blazing fire. The fire is getting stronger and stronger, and there are more and more people. Everyone scrambled to jump out of the fire. Even the uncles and aunts in the nearby store came to participate in the burning. Everyone was talking and laughing, and it was very lively. I am also very happy, I have the courage to jump into the fire.
After another half an hour, the fire gradually went out, but the ashes were still burning red. The janitor brought a broom and swept the charred Mars together. The broom hit a dozen times and Mars flew around, which was very beautiful. He said: "Wheat flowers and buckwheat flowers" indicate a bumper harvest this year.
I asked grandpa if this was a superstitious activity. Grandpa said that this is a folk custom left over by the ancients, which means that after the New Year, people's bad luck and unhappiness have been burned away. Good luck and good luck are people's good wishes in the new year.
As far as I can remember, eating Yuanxiao on the fifteenth day of the first month is not over yet, because there is another festival worth looking forward to, that is, the "Liao Liao" Festival in rural areas of Ningxia, which lasted for many years and lasted on the 23rd day of the first month every year.
On the 23rd day of the first month, every household is dying. Where I lived as a child, almost every family had three or two children. Before the 23rd day of the first month, they were holding shovels together, pushing carts at home and chopping firewood all over the mountain. What kind of wormwood, burr, is everyone's favorite wood. Brothers and sisters cut it together and then put it on, pulled it home and piled it in front of their house. The abrupt haystack always arouses my infinite envy. Once I went out to cut firewood alone, and my strength was weak. I couldn't cut a few sticks at the end of the day. More than once, I went home and cried and pestered my father to take me out to cut wood. I didn't smile through tears until he also prepared a lot of firewood for me in front of the door. Although no one told me why and what it meant, I know that there seems to be not enough firewood on this day, so I can't burn it.
That day always passed slowly, watching the sun gradually set in the western hills. When the moonlight is dim and the sky is full of stars, I can't wait to hold my grandmother and my family to the door and wait excitedly. When my father makes a fire, my mother will grab some salt and sprinkle it in the fire, and the bonfire will crack immediately. At this time, the firewood piles of every household in the village were lit one after another, and the flaming fire lit up half the sky, and the jumping fire reflected every smiling face. The adults jumped out of the fire excitedly, and the little boys jumped back and forth while screaming. My brother and I are still young, so we can only watch others play. When the flame was small, my father threw the remains of my brother and me into the fire and burned them several times. I was really excited and nervous at that time. I feel the burning fire turned into warm air, with a whoosh. Once passed by my ear, the whole person was warm in heart. Once or twice, I was not satisfied, so I pestered my father and held us on the fire over and over again.
After the firewood was burned, there was a pile of black and red firewood ash left. My father will take a square shovel and shovel a shovel like a threshing floor, holding his head high and holding it high into the sky. Suddenly, the ashes of the fire splashed out, like fireworks, and Mars flew all over the sky, falling from the sky like a golden waterfall, which was very beautiful. My brother and I shouted at countless sparkling ruby sparks: buckwheat flowers, millet flowers ... Father lifted the ashes one by one from another angle, and we also shouted different flower names.
The ashes of the fire are raised, and the earth is covered with unburned Mars, which is particularly eye-catching in the dark night, just like the stars in the sky shining with naughty eyes. We shouted "Step on the mouse", running all the way. It is said that the more people step on it, the fewer rats there will be and the food will not be stolen.
My father once told me that there is a legend about "Liaobi". Before ancient times, during Chinese New Year, people suffered from sores and diseases, and livestock and poultry died for no reason. In order to rescue people from their dreams, a god said, "Every New Year, the Jade Emperor sends people to spread the plague on the earth and gather all the mortals on the earth. This is a disaster for you. However, I will teach you a method. On the first day of the first month, your family hangs a high lamp in the yard, just like a skyfire burning in the air. On the fifteenth night of the first month, every household lights a surface lamp in the yard, which means that the sky fire has burned outside the door. On the 23rd night of the first month, everyone made a fire outside the door, indicating that skyfire had burned outside the door. The jade emperor will think that the fire is burning outside the door and there is no one at home. There will naturally be no disaster. " The next year, people did as God said, and the custom of "burning malnutrition" continued.
When I was a child, I thought this legend was mysterious. But the attraction of "Liaobi" to me has nothing to do with God. In fact, what children like is that they can light a bonfire and jump around. This kind of game is wild, which makes the rural nights particularly lively. Adults may not really believe it. They just need a ceremony to pray for a disease-free and healthy family in the new year. At the same time, in the slack season of the first month, the whole family will have a very happy and prosperous life.
The 23rd day of the first month is also called "the end of the month". As soon as "Liao Liao" passed, a year passed, spring returned to the earth, everything revived, and farmers began to plow in spring, sowing new hopes in the fragrant land.
Time flies, "Liao Liao" seems to be forgotten by many people, but I am particularly attached. It is a unique bonfire party in the northwest countryside. In the firelight, it is the simple desire of farmers to integrate with nature and the earth.
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