Is there an inversion in the complete understanding of classical Chinese?

1. What are the inversion sentences in classical Chinese? Here are some special sentence patterns of ancient Chinese that are different from modern Chinese, such as translation and interpretation.

First, in order to emphasize the predicate, verb inversion sometimes puts the predicate before the subject. This is only because of the need of language expression.

What, you don't benefit (benefit)! (Yu Gong Yi Shan) Translation: "You are too smart" (2) Being in public can help others. Translation: "Where can you worry about others' worries, Son?" Second, the preposition object 1 pronoun preposition object in the negative sentence format: the main negative words are no, no, no, mo, no, Fu Shibin, Wu, Er, Zi, Zhi. It is ten years old, and I am willing to take care of you (storytelling).

(2) People didn't agree with him at that time. (3) Qin people couldn't help feeling sorry for themselves. (4) Don't be too confident (Zou Ji is ironic and tame, Qi Wang) Translation: "Zou Ji doesn't believe in himself" (5) However, if you are not a king, you might as well be yourself (Qi Huan's bronze inscription and history) Translation: "The way of the world is not here, it is not here" There are other examples: if you don't take me, you might as well be yourself. Don't lie to me) From the above examples, we can draw a conclusion that the preposition of the object pronoun in a negative sentence must meet two conditions: first, the object must be a pronoun; second, the whole sentence must be a negative sentence, that is, there must be negative adverbs such as "no, no, no" or indefinite pronouns's "mo" to express negation.

Pronoun objects should be placed before verbs and after negative words. In interrogative sentences, the pronoun preposition object (1) comes before the verb. Form: Hu, He, Li, An, Xie, Yan, who is the protagonist? (1) Liang asked, "What is your Majesty doing here?" The translation of "The Hongmen Banquet" is: "Sean asked justice:' What did the king take when he came?" "(2) ask a woman? Translation (Mulan): "Ask your daughter what she is thinking? Wang Jianzhi said, "What is a cow? "The king saw it and asked,' Where are you taking the cow?' "(4) what injury? (History of Qi Huan) Translation: "What hinders (what hinders)?" The king said, "what about those who are bound?" "The king asked,' Who are those tied up?' "6. Who dares to complain? (The snake catcher said): "Who can blame? "All landowners conditions? Besides, where did you put the dirt and stones? "(2) The object is placed before the preposition. Form: Hu, He, Di, An, Evil, Yan, who is the protagonist? (1) Otherwise, why at this point? (The Hongmen Banquet) Translation: "If not, why did I (Xiang Yu) come here? "(2) who are the mourners? (Tomb No.5 Monument) Translation: "Who are you crying for?" (3) Why entrust yourself to Zhao? Why did Chang stand in Zhao? "4 Guo Hu has compassion? What does the country use to help the elderly? " ⑤ ⑤! Wes, who are we going home with? "Yueyang Tower" translation: "Oh! Who else can I be with? "6. Although born, why should it belong to Han? (Biography of Su Wu) Translation: "Even if I am alive, why should I go back to the Han Dynasty? The format of the prepositional object in the declarative sentence: Bing Shijie moves ten times ① Tick the dragon, chisel the dragon (Ye Gong Long Hao) Translation: "Sketch the dragon, chisel the dragon" ② I remember (You Baochan) Translation: "I wrote it down for this" ③ In one sentence, translation: sum up in one sentence ④ All Chu soldiers are equal to ten (.

⑤ Idioms include: day and night (translation: night comes next to day) 4 Preposition object format marked by "zhi" and "Shi": The subject is ten guests, ten (yes) moves, and one husband moves. What is the crime? ("Candle Fires Beat Teacher Qin") Translation: "Jin State, what is the crime?" ② Listening only () Translation: Listening only to exegesis (translated by Wei as "only", the same below) ③ Reading a sentence without knowing it (the world says) Translation: Reading a sentence without understanding it can't solve the puzzle; ④ Listening only (answering Li Yishu) Translation: Only. Our monarch (King) is not sad about his exile, but he is worried about our ministers. There is also an idiom: mercenary (translation: "mercenary") using meritocracy (translation: "meritocracy") 5 When the word "item" is interpreted as "action and behavior are biased towards one side", it can be translated as "I, you, you".

I have lost my grace and will not follow Xu (Peacock flies southeast). I have no affection for her, and I will never promise you. (2) support your husband and help yourself (peacocks fly southeast). Serve your mother-in-law wholeheartedly and serve her well. When a child meets a stranger, he smiles and asks where the guest is from (hometown book). (1) When the official sees Ding Ning (Peacock flies southeast): "(When I came back) The official told me" (2) When I gave birth to a child in June, my loving father saw my back (The Ridge was announced): "After giving birth to me for half a year, my father turned his back on me (meaning my father died)" This situation is also reserved in modern Chinese, for example. What will you teach (what will you teach me)? Make you laugh (make you laugh at me); I hope you can forgive me.

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2. There are several types of inversion sentences in classical Chinese, which are more complicated ~ Classical Chinese sentence patterns are divided into: ① general sentence patterns (including judgmental sentences, passive sentences, ellipsis sentences and interrogative sentences) ② special sentence patterns (namely inversion, mainly including prepositional objects, attributive postpositions, verb inversion, adverbial postpositions, and of course some fixed sentence patterns. This is the content required by high school) Let's talk about how to analyze it: (The following content comes from Liaoning College Entrance Examination Chinese Network, which is recommended here, very good) Home page:. Cn/ next content link:. Cn/wyd 008 general sentence 1. Judgment sentence (1) uses the "Zhe … Ye" table to judge "Lian Po, Zhao Zhiliang will also."

(2) At the end of the sentence, judge with the table of "Zhe Ye" that "Xu Gong in the north of the city is also a beauty of Qi." (3) Use the "zhe" table to judge "four people, the father of Lu, the father of Changle Wang, the father of An Shangchun."

(4) Judging by the verb "Wei" or the judging word "Yes": ① You manage money for the world, not for profit; ② You are a big family; (5) Adverbs such as "namely", "nai", "zhe", "quan", "sincerity" and "su" are used to express positive judgment, and tone is emphasized, and "no" is used to express negative judgment. This is a crucial autumn.

(3) Liang Jiang Chu Xiangyang. (4) This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower.

⑤ Minister, this cloth. 6 and * * *.

I want fish and bear's paw. 8 to a non-literary painter.

(6) Unmarked judgment sentences. Some judgments in classical Chinese are unmarked, and nouns are judged directly.

For example, "Liu Bei is a hero in the world." (Battle of Red Cliffs) Special reminder that the word "yes" before the predicate in a judgment sentence is generally not a judgment sentence, but a demonstrative pronoun, which is the subject of the judgment sentence. However, the word "Shi" in some judgment sentences does not always indicate judgment. "Shi" was rarely used as a judgment word in ancient Chinese before Qin Dynasty, but was more used as a judgment word after Han Dynasty.

Second, the so-called passive sentence means that the relationship between subject and predicate is passive, that is, the subject is located in the passive and victim of the behavior represented by the verb, rather than the active and implementer. & lt 1 & gt； There is a symbol (1) with "for" or "for".

Institute.

.. "passive" dead hand, laughing at the world. "(... laughed at by the whole world)" (Giant) is far from the county seat and will be merged by others. "

("Zi Jian") 2 Passive "loyalty and slander" uses the "quilt" table, can you complain? "(loyalty is vilified by others, can you not dislike it? (3) use "see" or "see".

Yu. "

Passive "... I saw the bully" (... cheated in vain) "I'm really afraid of being bullied by the king and losing Zhao." (4) Use "in" or "by".

Yu.

"passive desk" can't tolerate distance. "

(Zhang Pu's "Five Tombs Monument" "I can't raise the land of Wu Jin, I am subject to people." (Zi Tong Zhi Jian) ⑤ Use "Bei" to express passivity.

"I still remember that the arrest of Duke Zhou was in the hope of Ding Mao in March." (Zhang Pu's Tomb of Five People < 2 > Unmarked situation refers to passive sentences without passive verbs.

For example, "Jingzhou people attach symbols to force soldiers to take advantage of the situation." (Zi Tongzhi Jian) Here, "forced by military intelligence" means "forced by military intelligence".

Note: "Jian" has a special usage, similar to the passive form of "Jian", such as "Ji Junshi or Seeing Anger" (in response to Sima's suggestion), but the "Jian" here is not passive, it is placed in front of the verb, indicating that the action is biased towards one side, "How to treat yourself", like "Forgive me" in modern Chinese. Omission of the subject of the ellipsis sentence (1) There are different snakes in the wild in Yongzhou, which are black and white ... (2) Omit the predicate "The husband fights bravely.

One bite, then (drum) and drop, three (drum) and run out ... (3) Verb object ellipsis as big as a work, worship (referring to Lin Xiangru) Shang Qing. (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) (4) The preposition object is omitted. This person has heard about it one by one. (5) The preposition is omitted. The generals fought in Hebei (middle) and the ministers fought in Henan (middle). Classical Chinese interrogative sentences generally have interrogative words, including interrogative pronouns (who, what, who, why and how.

Sometimes you don't need question words. In addition, there are some idioms to express rhetorical questions.

There are no examples here. Special Sentences The following is the translation and explanation of some special sentences in ancient Chinese that are different from those in modern Chinese.

First, in order to emphasize the predicate, verb inversion sometimes puts the predicate before the subject. This is only because of the need of language expression.

What, you don't benefit (benefit)! (Yu Gong Yi Shan) Translation: "You are too smart" (2) Being in public can help others. Translation: "Where can you worry about others' worries, Son?" Second, the preposition object 1 pronoun preposition object in the negative sentence format: the main negative words are no, no, no, mo, no, Fu Shibin, Wu, Er, Zi, Zhi. It is ten years old, and I am willing to take care of you (storytelling).

(2) People didn't agree with him at that time. (3) Qin people couldn't help feeling sorry for themselves. (4) Don't be too confident (Zou Ji is ironic and tame, Qi Wang) Translation: "Zou Ji doesn't believe in himself" (5) However, if you are not a king, you might as well be yourself (Qi Huan's bronze inscription and history) Translation: "The way of the world is not here, it is not here" There are other examples: if you don't take me, you might as well be yourself. Don't lie to me) From the above examples, we can draw a conclusion that the preposition of the object pronoun in a negative sentence must meet two conditions: first, the object must be a pronoun; second, the whole sentence must be a negative sentence, that is, there must be negative adverbs such as "no, no, no" or indefinite pronouns's "mo" to express negation.

Pronoun objects should be placed before verbs and after negative words. In interrogative sentences, the pronoun preposition object (1) has objects before the verb: subject, ten objects, Hu, He, Li, An, Evil and Yan.

3. What kinds of inversion sentences are there in classical Chinese? How to distinguish them? In fact, there are mainly three kinds of learning in middle school: subject-predicate inversion, preposition object and adverbial postposition.

Verb inversion is relatively simple, I don't need to say more. For example, the prepositional object says, "What's the matter?" What's wrong with it? In other words, what is shoddy? "Helou" was originally an object, and "you" was a predicate, which should be a subject-predicate object, but it was an object in classical Chinese, that is, a prepositional object. On the issue of adverbial postposition, we must first make clear what adverbial is.

In ancient classical Chinese, directional words generally represent adverbials. But the adverbial postposition refers to the component in the complement.

Example: Green is taken from blue, and green is blue. In this sentence, the subject and object phrase "Yulan" should be moved to the front of "Qu" as an adverbial; The latter object phrase "Yulan" should be moved to the front of "Qing" as an adverbial, which translates to "Bi Lan Qing".

But there is also an attributive postposition, which you can refer to in English to understand and digest.

4. What are the types of inversion sentences in ancient Chinese? According to the word order of modern Chinese, we divide the inverted sentences in classical Chinese into preposition object, attributive postposition, adverbial postposition and verb inversion.

1. Preposition object

The so-called prepositional object is usually used as an object and placed in front of the predicate verb to express emphasis. For example, the word "zhi" in the "disagreement" is the prepositional object. Preposition objects are usually divided into four situations.

(1) In interrogative sentences, interrogative pronouns are objects and prepositional objects. What is the king doing here?

(2) In negative sentences, pronouns are objects and prepositions are objects. For example, "the ancients did not bully."

(3) Advance the object with the help of "Zhi" and "Shi". For example, "I don't know the sentence, but I don't understand it." "It is urgent to study hard and it is rare to see it."

(4) Preposition objects in prepositional phrases. For example, "Why else would the book be here?"

2. Attributive postposition

Usually, the attribute should be placed before the head word, but there are many sentences in classical Chinese that put the attribute after the head word. For example, "Earthworms have no advantages as minions, but their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink yellow water, and they are also diligent. " Among them, "benefit" and "strength" are post-attributes. The attributive postposition in classical Chinese has the following situations.

(1) Postposition the attribute with "zhi". Such as: "How many people are there in the world?"

(2) Use the postposition of "zhe". For example, "a horse can travel thousands of miles, and a stone can eat it all."

3. Adverbial Postposition

In classical Chinese, the prepositional structure is used as an adverbial, and it is often used as a complement after a sentence. For example, "the poor speak better than the rich" and "the rich" are prepositional phrases, which are placed at the end of sentences as complements.

4. verb inversion

This kind of situation is rare, such as E799Be5Bae6E79Fa5E98193E4893E5b19E313332633637, which is often used to express a strong sigh. For example, "Sorry, you don't like it." "Beautiful, I am a young man from China."

5. What are the inverted sentences in classical Chinese that are different from those in modern Chinese? They are called inverted sentences.

Inverted sentence types mainly include verb inversion, prepositional object, attributive postposition and prepositional structure postposition. (1) Subject-predicate inversion sentence Subject-predicate inversion sentence refers to a sentence that sometimes puts the predicate in front of the subject in order to emphasize and highlight the predicate.

This sentence pattern is common in exclamatory sentences and interrogative sentences in ancient Chinese. Embarrassed, you are not good! The reason why "One Mountain in Gong Yu" is safe is that childe can be anxious! "Xin Lingjun stole the charm to save Zhao" is both a virtue and a back.

The Analects of Confucius is the word Sect of Meng. The preface to Wang Teng-ting lingers on the green horse.

Peacock flies southeast (2) In prepositional object sentences and prepositional object sentences, the object of a verb or preposition is a preposition. ① In the interrogative sentence of "subject+object (or preposition)+verb", the interrogative pronoun is the object (including the object of preposition) and the preposition object.

Interrogative pronouns as objects generally have "who, he, death, Hu, evil, security, Yan" and so on. For example, Liang asked, "What is your Majesty doing here?" The banquet at the Hongmen is based on pot calling the kettle black, so what? I'm in the country, too Wes, who are we going home with? Why did Chang entrust himself to Zhao in Yueyang Tower? In the negative sentence of "subject+negative word+object+verb" in Empress Zhao, pronouns are objects and prepositions are objects.

This kind of negative words mainly include "bu, Wei, Wu, Wu, Wu", and this kind of pronouns mainly include "Yu, Wu, Er, Zi, Zhi, Yes". Avoid not being confident.

"Zou Ji satirized the King of Qi", and the ancients bullied him. Shi Zhongshan Ji compares himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi, which is unparalleled.

I listened to "Longzhong Dui" too much and thought it was self-defeating. Qiushui (3) "Subject+Object+Yes+Action" and "Yes" are the symbols of prepositional objects.

Such as: Fujin, what is the crime? I don't know how to read the sentence "when the candle retreats from Qin", which is puzzling. However, the world said that it was not a king, and there was nothing.

My parents are only worried about their illness. .

In The Analects, only brothers and sisters live together. When the locative words and time words of "subject+object (locative words and time words)+verb" are used as objects, the object is sometimes a preposition.

Father sat facing south. As for the North Sea, The Hongmen Banquet looks to the east, but there is no water end.

"Autumn Water" (3) Attributive Postposition Sentences The attributive in classical Chinese is often placed after the head word, making the sentence an attributive postposition sentence. ① The scheme of "head word+attribute+person" is undecided, and asking for help can make the person who reported Qin unavailable.

"Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" Jingzhou people attached symbols, forcing soldiers to take advantage of the situation. Battle of Red Cliffs guest oral sex.

"Red Wall Fu" (II) "prefix+zhi (II)+attribute+zhe" is loud and clear, and everyone has it. The Story of Shi Zhongshan attracted the nobles, but it was not easy for them to realize their ambitions. How many people are missing in the four seas? "Tomb inscription of five people" Chu people have people involved in the river.

"Cha Jin" ③ "prefix +F attribute" Earthworms have no advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat dirt food and drink yellow water. "Persuading to learn" worries about its people when it is high in the temple, and worries about its king when it is far away in the rivers and lakes.

The Story of Yueyang Tower is far from the ground, and it is crowned as Cui Wei in the clouds. "Shejiang" is a thousand miles away from "head word+quantifier (attribute)", and you can eat one stone at a time.

"Ma Shuo" is starred by twelve golden people. "Qin Lun" (4) Preposition structure Postposition sentence Preposition structure is a prepositional phrase.

The postposition sentence of prepositional structure refers to the sentence in classical Chinese where the object-object phrase composed of the words "one" and "Yu" is used as an adverbial and placed after the predicate. (1) The preposition "Yu" is used after the preposition "Yu", which is generally behind the predicate in classical Chinese, that is, the position of complement in modern Chinese.

In fact, except for a few prepositional phrases composed of "Yu" which are still used as complements, most of them should be moved to the front of the predicate to modify the restrictive conditions and serve as adverbials. For example, my son and I are on the river.

"Red Cliff Fu" is not limited to time, but is learned in my spare time. "Shi Shuo" is green, which is taken from blue, and green is blue.

(2) Object-object phrases composed of prepositions "Yi" and "Hu" are generally used as adverbials, and object-object phrases composed of "Hu" can sometimes be used as complements, depending on the situation. Such as: shaped like a wine bottle, decorated with mountain turtles, birds and animals.

Zhang Hengchuan told a story. Hongmen banquet was born before me, and its smell was fixed before me, so I borrowed it.

Teacher's theory.

6. There are several inverted sentences in ancient Chinese. Verb inversion is also called predicate preposition or subject postposition. In ancient Chinese. Like modern Chinese, the predicate is usually placed after the subject, but sometimes in some interrogative sentences or exclamatory sentences, in order to emphasize and highlight the meaning of the predicate, the predicate will be placed before the subject. Exodus: Sorry, but you don't like it. The whole sentence is "you don't benefit much." Predicate preposition, which means emphasis.

Second, the preposition object In classical Chinese, the object of a verb or preposition is generally placed after the verb or preposition, and there are the following situations:

1. In interrogative sentences, interrogative pronouns are used as objects and prepositions are used as objects. In this kind of sentence, the object of a preposition is also a preposition. Why did Confucius call it "Wen"? "Why" is an inverted sentence of "why" and can be translated into "why". Who are we going home with? "Who do we belong to" is an inverted sentence of "Who do I belong to", which can be translated as "Who am I with?" What is it to me? "He You" is the inversion of "He You". In ancient Chinese, interrogative pronouns were usually placed before predicates when they were used as objects. What's the difference? Kong Ziyun: "What's the matter?" The inversion of "what's wrong" is "what's wrong"? What's so simple? The interrogative pronouns "he", "zhi" and auxiliary words have no practical meaning, and they are the symbols of preposition objects here.

2. In classical Chinese negative sentences, pronouns are used as objects and prepositions are used as objects. Exodus: No self-pity in a lonely village "No self-pity" is the inversion of "No self-pity", which can be translated as "No self-pity". "Zi" is a pronoun. In a negative sentence, the pronoun should be preceded by an object. Another example is "don't be confident". "Confidence" means "believe in yourself".

3. Put the object before the verb with "zhi" or "yes" to emphasize the object. At this time, "zhi" is only a symbol of prepositional object, and it has no real meaning. Example: Who gave the love of Lotus? "Love lotus" is an inverted sentence of "love lotus", which can be translated as "love lotus". The auxiliary word "zhi" has no practical meaning, and it is the symbol of prepositional object here. Kong Ziyun: The inversion of "What's wrong" and "What's wrong". What is so simple? The auxiliary word "zhi" has no practical meaning, and it is the symbol of prepositional object here.

4. The object of the preposition "one" is active, even if it is not an interrogative pronoun, it can be emphasized by the preposition. For example, it is called "Wen". "Yes" is an inverted sentence of "Yes" and can be translated into "So". "Yes" is a demonstrative pronoun, which refers to the previous reason.

5. Others, emphasize. Wan Li's going to Rongji is the inversion of "Guan". It can be translated as "crossing the road, climbing mountains and mountains".

Thirdly, in classical Chinese, the position of the attribute is generally in front of the head word, but sometimes in order to highlight the position of the head word, emphasize the content of the attribute, or make the tone smooth, the attribute is often placed behind the head word.

1, "prefix+post-attributive+person" is the inversion of "three-husband burden", and the attributive "three-husband burden" can be translated as "three adult men". When the peak turns, there are pavilion wings on the spring, and the pavilion is also drunk. "Pavilion wings are on the spring" is an inverted sentence of "Pavilion wings are on the spring", which can be translated as "Pavilion springs are like birds spreading their wings."

2. Example of "prefix+zhi+post-attributive+zhe": to call chrysanthemum, the flower is also hidden. "The flower of the hermit" is the inversion of "the flower of the hermit". It can be translated as "a flower with a reclusive temperament"

3. Quantifiers are used as attributes. For example, it tastes like a nuclear ship, which is the inversion of the "nuclear ship". The attributive "one" is postpositioned and can be translated into "nuclear ship"

Fourth, the preposition object structure is postpositioned

1. The preposition "Yu" is mostly postpositioned in classical Chinese. When translated into modern Chinese, except for a few translated into complements, most numbers should be moved to the front of verbs as adverbials. Example: What's good for me? The whole sentence is an inverted sentence of "what's good for me", and the object-object structure is put after "what's good for me". What's wrong with me? Complaining to the emperor is an inverted sentence of "complaining to the emperor", and the intermediary object structure is translated as "complaining to the emperor" I devoted myself to Nanyang and died in troubled times. The whole sentence is an inverted sentence of "I devoted myself to Nanyang and died in troubled times", and the Chinese-object structure is "I died in troubled times in Nanyang"

2. The preposition "one" is postpositioned, and today it is usually translated as an adverbial. Example: slaughter fear and throw bones at it. The whole sentence is an inverted sentence of "throwing it with a bone", and the object-object structure is placed behind the "bone". Throw the bone to it, make an alliance for the altar and sacrifice for the captain. "Priest's order" is an inverted sentence of "Priest's order", and the interface structure "Priest's order" can be translated as "Priest's order". Narrating by text is an inverted sentence of "narrating by text", and the subject-object structure can be translated into "narrating by words". May your majesty entrust the minister with the effect of bringing the thief back to life "is the inversion of" bringing the thief back to life "and the object-object structure of" bringing the thief back to life "is the inversion.

7. What are the prepositional objects of the classical Chinese inversion sentence in Senior One?

Preposition object in 1. negative sentence

When you hear a hundred things, you think you are not yourself.

Avoid self-confidence

I don't know.

But if you are not a king, you won't have it.

2. Pronouns and prepositions in interrogative sentences.

How did you know?

Then why?

3. Preposition objects marked by "Zhi" and "Shi". For example:

Fujin, why not?

I am a know-it-all and think I am nothing but myself. ("Zhuangzi? Autumn water ")

Attributive post

People came from all directions.

The wayward vagabonds of this country

Earthworms don't have the advantages of minions, only strong bones and muscles.

Postposition of prepositional phrases

This is the imperial court, and there is no need to use war to defeat the enemy. ("Zou Ji satirizes Wang Qi's incompetence")

Green comes from blue, and green is blue. (Xunzi's "Encouraging Learning")

Because it is rude to Jin, it is also rude to Chu.

If you die, it will be good for you.

Is to make the armed forces in yue

So he went to Wu.

I haven't received any money from the state for ten years.

Defeated again

Defamation by the city court

This so-called failure in court

Zhao asked Qi for help.

Physical harmony is also

More than women.

Xianyu Chang 'an County.

Seal it in a fertile land.

Why did Chang 'an entrust himself to Zhao?

Bathed in interpretation, dancing with the wind.

Be polite to your country.

Coupled with the long journey, the teacher is really hungry.

A tree is a mulberry.

Apply in the sense of filial piety.

Ice, water, but colder than water.

Good and false are better than things.

8. How to judge those inverted sentences in classical Chinese? The head portrait is pretty. I don't know where you are. The examination papers in different cities in Kazakhstan are different. I take Chinese as an example. In the choice of classical Chinese, sometimes there will be judgment sentences. For this kind of problem, you need to know the attributive complement of subject-predicate-object adverbial. The basic sentence patterns of Baidu have preposition object attributive preposition passive sentence judgment sentence. In fact, most of the standards are that it is a kind of English sentence pattern proposed by later generations, so you only need a sense of language. When you see an old Chinese sentence, such as "I don't know how to read a sentence", the first reaction is to make the sentence fluent. When you translate the sentence "I don't know how to break sentences and don't understand difficult problems" according to your own classical Chinese, you will find that you can read the object in the original sentence and put the confusion in front, so the answer will come out-just use language.