How to plant bonsai water lilies? Cultivation techniques of water lily bonsai

Water lilies, leaves and flowers are often found lazily floating on the water by the lake, which looks very beautiful. Water lilies are not only beautiful in color, but also edible. The cultivation methods of water lily mainly include potted plants or potted plants, potted plants, submerged cultivation and pond cultivation. Rootstocks with stout terminal buds (about 6-8 cm long and 2-3 lateral buds below) can be used for cultivation.

1, cylindrical planting

When planting, choose a bottomless flowerpot with a height of about 50cm and a diameter as large as possible, put the evenly mixed nutrient soil into the flowerpot, and control the filling depth.

2. potted water lilies

At 30~40cm, it is easy to store water. Bury the well-grown propagules in the center of the flowerpot, and the depth is just that the terminal buds are slightly exposed from the soil. After planting, add water, but don't fill it up, preferably 2~3cm higher than the soil layer, which is convenient for heating and ensures the survival rate. With the growth of plants, the water level gradually rises. The advantage of this method is convenient management, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult to overwinter in Beijing, Tianjin and other places in winter, and it needs to be moved into a greenhouse or submerged in a pool.

3. Submerged potted plants

Choose a non-porous nutrient bowl with a height of 30cm and a diameter of 40cm, and fill it with nutrient soil such as planting method and cylinder load, with a height of about 25cm. After planting, it should be submerged in the pond, and the water level in the pond should be controlled to just submerge the nutrition bowl, and the water level will gradually increase with the growth. The advantage of this method is that it is easy to overwinter. In winter, the terminal buds of water lilies can be kept below the ice layer only by raising the water level. The disadvantage is that they must enter the pool when managing, and the feeling changes slightly.

4. Pond culture

Choose a pond with fertile soil. There is at least 30cm deep soil at the bottom of the pond, and the propagules can be planted directly in the soil. The water level should be shallow at first, controlled at 2~3cm, which is convenient for heating up and gradually increases with the growth. According to different areas, the water level in the pool should be deepened before winter, so that the roots can overwinter under the ice. The advantages are good colony effect and large growth, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult to dig out and control pests and diseases in the next year.

Drain the pool water in early spring and apply basic fertilizers (cake fertilizer, manure, broken bones, calcium superphosphate, etc.). ) go to the bottom, fill it with fertile soil, and then plant the roots of water lilies in the soil. The water level can be 20~30cm deep, and it can be kept at 40 ~ 50 cm in midsummer, so the water flow should not be too fast. If the water in the pool is too deep, you can use a brick planting platform or planting trough in the water, or use a plastic plate to separate a long planting trough of 1m× 1m to plant multiple varieties, which can avoid variety mixing. You can also plant it in a basin and put it in a pool.

Topdressing can be appropriately increased by 1 ~ 2 times during the growth period. In July and August, 50g of cake fertilizer powder and urea 10g are packed into small bags, which are manually stuffed into the soil slightly away from the roots of plants, with 2-4 bags per plant. After planting for three years, turn over the pond and update it 1 time to avoid crowding and decline. Before freezing in winter, the water depth should be kept at about 1m to avoid freezing at the bottom of the pool and damaging the roots.

5. Water level regulation

The control of water level is one of the important factors for the normal growth of cold-resistant water lily. Cold-resistant water lilies have different requirements for water level in different growth periods, so water lilies should pay attention to water level control. Because the water temperature has a direct influence on the growth and flowering of water lily, the water level should be as shallow as possible at the initial stage of growth because of the short petiole, so that the leaves are not exposed to the air, so as to increase the water temperature as soon as possible, promote the growth of roots and improve the survival rate; With the growth of leaves, the water level rises gradually, and reaches the maximum in the peak period, which makes the petiole grow and the leaves grow, which is beneficial to the storage of nutrients.

In autumn, the water level is lowered, the water temperature is raised, so that the leaves get enough light and photosynthesis is enhanced, so as to promote the growth of roots and lateral buds of water lilies and increase the number of propagules in the following year; After the weather turns cold in late autumn, it is advisable to gradually deepen the water level, keep most of the leaves and control the vegetative growth; Before the water freezes, the water level will deepen at one time. According to the historical maximum frozen thickness, the terminal buds of water lilies should be kept below the ice layer to survive the winter safely.

6, timely topdressing

The principle of topdressing must be not only beneficial to the growth of water lilies, but also not wasted in water, because the waste of fertilizer will lead to eutrophication of water body, accelerate the growth of algae and water lilies, and then pollute water body. The fertilizer can be wrapped in paper with good toughness and water absorption, and several small holes are punched in the bag to release the fertilizer, and the fertilizer can be applied at the position below the center 15~20cm and the depth below 10cm. Wet garden soil or clay can also be mixed with fertilizer according to a certain proportion (generally, soil and fertilizer are 10 ~ 1, and soil and organic fertilizer are 4 ~ 1), and then made into soil balls (it is advisable to release them without sticking hands), which are radially applied to the bottom of the rhizome from the center of the rhizome to 15~20cm.

Topdressing time is usually 15 days before the full flowering period, and then topdressing every 15 days/time to ensure the flowering amount, but topdressing should not be too much, which is easy to increase vegetative growth and increase the number of leaves, and affect the overall effect of flowering period. Rational topdressing can prolong the colony flowering period of cold-resistant water lily and increase the number of propagules in the coming year.