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Latin name: FraxinusmandshuricaRupr.

Chinese name: Fraxinus mandshurica

Latin name: Oleaceae

Chinese name: Oleaceae

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National second-class key protected wild plants (approved by the State Council 1999)

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Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places.

Edit the status quo of this paragraph

Fraxinus mandshurica is an ancient relict plant, which is on the verge of extinction. Although widely distributed, most of them are scattered. Tough and beautiful, it is a good material for making furniture. Due to excessive logging, the number is decreasing day by day, and there are few big trees at present.

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Deciduous trees, up to 30 meters high, DBH can reach 1 meter; The bark is gray, the epidermis of young trees is smooth, and there are thick and thin longitudinal cracks in adulthood; Branchlets slightly quadrangular, glabrous and lenticellate. Odd pinnate compound leaves, opposite, 25~30 cm long, with grooves on leaf axis and extremely narrow wings; Leaflets 7~ 1 1(~ 13), sessile or subsessile, oval or elliptic-lanceolate, (5~)8~ 14(~ 16) cm long and 2~5 cm wide. Dioecious, panicles were born in the axils of the upper branches of the previous year, and the axial wings of inflorescences were extremely narrow; Calyx bell-shaped, deciduous in fruit, without corolla; Stamens of male flowers; Female flower ovary 1 room, stigma dichotomous, 2 undeveloped stamens. Samara is slightly twisted, oblong-lanceolate, 2~3.5 cm long and 5~7 mm wide, and its apex is obtuse or slightly concave. It is a broad-leaved tree with hard material, flat texture and beautiful pattern. The diameter of wood segment is large, which is suitable for planing and rotary cutting. The radial section is a beautiful parallel stripe pattern, and the half-chord printed surface is obviously changeable with stripe pattern, which is generally a high-quality veneer material. In production, many thin slices (sheets) with the thickness of 0.8~ 1.0 mm are planed as veneer materials. Trees are all over Changbai Mountain and Xiaoxing 'an Mountains. Usually the trunk is straight, with a height of 25-30m and a diameter of 40-60cm. The largest is over 35 meters, and the diameter can exceed 1 meter. It can be called a high-quality material for making furniture.

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The central region of Fraxinus mandshurica belongs to humid temperate monsoon climate, and the soil is meadow gray-brown soil or virgin forest soil developed on alluvial parent material. Most of them grow in the floodplain and the first terrace of the valley downstream of mountain rivers. The main associated tree species are spruce and Tibetan spruce. Microsporidia (lindl. ) and Tibetan spruce komarovii (v.vassil). Chantelle Fu, TiliaamurensisRupr. , Phellodendron murenseRupr. Wait. It is a positive tree species, slightly tolerant to shade at a young age, and needs sufficient light in adulthood. Like wet, but not resistant to water stains, in places with poor seasonal drainage, the growth is poor or even dead, and the growth is poor under dry conditions. They like wet and fertile gentle slopes, valleys and river banks under mountains. It is slightly tolerant to saline-alkali soil and can grow in saline-alkali soil with pH value of 8.4 and salt content of 0. 1%. Cold-tolerant, it develops normally under the cold condition of -40℃ in Daxinganling, but artificial seedling is easy to be frozen. The main roots are short, the lateral roots are developed, the ability of cutting roots and tillering is strong, and the sprouting strips grow rapidly. Leaves bloom first in early spring, and the flowering period is April-May. In the natural state, 15~20 years began to bear fruit, and samara began to mature in August.

Fraxinus mandshurica is mainly produced in northeast and north China of China. It is yellowish white (sapwood) or slightly yellowish brown (heartwood). The annual rings are obvious but uneven, with thick wooden structure, straight texture, beautiful patterns, luster and high hardness. Fraxinus mandshurica has the characteristics of elasticity, toughness, wear resistance and moisture resistance. But it's hard to dry and easy to warp. Good processability, but to prevent tearing. Smooth section, painted, good adhesion.

Processing performance:

Fraxinus mandshurica has good machinability, can be well fixed with nails, screws and glue, and can be dyed and polished to obtain a good surface. Suitable for dry climate, slightly aging, little change in performance.

Physical properties:

Compared with its weight, Fraxinus mandshurica has excellent overall strength performance and good seismic and steam bending strength.

Durability:

Fraxinus mandshurica has no ability to resist heartwood decay, and white wood is easily eaten by pink beetles and ordinary furniture beetles. Heartwood has medium impermeability to anti-corrosion treatment agents, while white wood has permeability.

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Fraxinus mandshurica is a precious timber tree species in northeast and north China, which can be used to make all kinds of furniture, musical instruments, sports equipment, vehicles and boats, machinery and special building materials. At the same time, it has scientific significance for studying tertiary flora and quaternary glacial climate.

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Distribution only a few areas have nature reserves (such as Changbai Mountain). ), and there are no specific protection measures in most areas. It is suggested that relevant departments should choose suitable sites and forest belts, establish protection points, protect existing trees, collect seeds and raise seedlings, and expand afforestation area. Introduced and cultivated in Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang and Beijing.

Edit this medical treatment

Drug name: Fraxinus mandshurica

Source: Fraxinus mandshurica bark of Meliaceae.

Efficacy: clearing heat and promoting diuresis, clearing liver and improving eyesight, promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation.

Indications: It is used for dysentery, psoriasis, red eyes, swelling and pain, tears due to shame, irregular menstruation and vaginal discharge.

Sexual taste: bitter, cold. Liver, lung and large intestine.

Administration and dosage: oral: decoction, 3 ~ 9g.

Distribution of animal and plant resources: distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Gansu.

Latin scientific name: Fraxinus mandshurica.

Textual research: It was first published in Woody Plants in Northeast China.

Various discussions: "Xinhua Compendium of Materia Medica": bark: bitter in taste and cold in nature. Has the effects of clearing away heat, promoting diuresis, clearing liver-fire and improving eyesight. Used for enteritis, dysentery, irregular menstruation, leucorrhea, chronic bronchitis, acute conjunctivitis and malaria. External use for psoriasis. Wax: It has the functions of stopping bleeding, promoting granulation and strengthening tendons and bones.

Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: contains horseradish bark glycoside and trace horseradish bark glycoside; It also contains insect ash, which contains esters, free acids, free alcohols, hydrocarbons and resins.

Fraxinus mandshurica is famous for its excellent material, which is mainly distributed in Daxinganling and Xiaoxing 'anling in Northeast Heilongjiang Province, Changbai Mountain in Jilin Province, Qianshan Mountain in Liaoning Province, Yanshan Mountain in Hebei Province, and some areas in Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Gansu.