Those who know the origin of Li's surname in Luohe, Henan, are rewarded.

First of all, trace back to the source:

Li is the largest surname in China today, and it is also the largest surname in the world. The population is about 87 million, which is widely distributed, accounting for 7.94% of the Han population in China. As far as the region is concerned, Li's surname accounts for a high proportion in the northern provinces, generally above 8%, while it accounts for less than 8% in the southern provinces, especially in the southeast coastal provinces, accounting for only about 4%. Taiwan Province Province ranks fifth. If all the people surnamed Li in the world stand side by side, they can go around the earth for a week and a half.

Li's ancestral home is in Henan. Lu Yi, called Guxian in ancient times, belonged to the State of Chen in the Spring and Autumn Period and then to the State of Chu. It is the birthplace of Laozi (Li Er), the founder of Taoist school. From the distant ancestors to the Tang Dynasty, Li grew from germination to growth. There are 12 regimes in Li's blood (Dacheng, Xiliang, Wu, Wei, Tang, Chu, Later Tang, Nantang, Dashu, Xixia, Dashun), 58 emperors and numerous ministers, which is the surname with the most established regimes in the history of China. Li is the surname of the Tang Dynasty. After the Tang Dynasty, it flourished and became a noble family.

There are nine main reasons for examining the origin of Li's surname and the surname of his ancestors:

The first statement: It comes from the surname Won, a descendant of Zhuan Xu Di Levin. In the Yao era, he served as the official in charge of the prison in Dali, and his son Boyi was given the surname of Won, and his descendants inherited the position of Dali for three generations. According to the custom at that time, their descendants took Guan as their surname and called Li. There are two ways to change Li's name to Li's. One way of saying it is: "Saved his life and became Li. In Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Li Zheng, the descendant of Hao Tao, was an official in North Korea and was executed for directly admonishing Shang Zhouwang. His wife, Qihe, and his son fled to Guxian County of Chen. In order to avoid being pursued, Li Zhen and her son begged anonymously all the way. I can survive because I eat plums to satisfy my hunger. Because I dare not be reasonable, I changed my surname to Li. The ancestor of this surname is Loretta Lee, and Li Gan is the sixteenth grandson of Li Zhen, also known as Guoyuan and Ye Qi. He was appointed as an ancient historian of the Zhou Dynasty, married for a long time and gave birth to an ear (that is, Laozi). This statement was first put forward by li yanshou in the Tang Dynasty. Another way of saying it is: According to the surname test, there was no Li before the week. Because there is a Lao Tzu named Li, his name is Er, and he is a descendant of Li Zhen, so he is also named Li, because his ancestor is an official of Li, and Li and Li have the same ancient sound. Apparently, Li began to call himself by his surname in Li Er.

The second statement: refers to Li Wei's surname. "Justice in Historical Records" quoted Xuanyanzhang as saying: "Mother Li is 81 years old and lives happily under the plum tree. She was born under her left armpit. " This theory takes Laozi as the ancestor of Li. There are still folklore in Lu Yi today. Mother Li was pregnant for 8 1 year and gave birth under the plum tree. Li Er was a white-haired old man when he was born. Mother Li shouted "my old son", hence the name "Lao Zi". As soon as Lao Zi was born, she pointed to Li Zishu and recognized her surname as Li.

The third way: changing one's surname from another nationality. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liangping gave his surname Zhao, Zhang, Yang, Li and other local ethnic minorities after his funeral. Xianbei people have a compound surname of Li, which was changed to Chinese character Li after sinicization. It's for Li in Luoyang.

The fourth statement: from his surname to Li. According to relevant records, the founding fathers of the Tang Dynasty included Xu, An, Du, Guo, Ma, Xian Yu and other generals 16 who were given the Tang surname for their meritorious military service.

The fifth statement: Li Shu's totem theory. Today, some ethnic minorities in China can still find examples of taking clan totem as their surnames. Such as wild cats, waterfowl and tigers among Kemu people in Yunnan. History of the origin of Dongyi: "Li Yin was an official in Dali and got his surname Li, and then he took refuge and begged for food. Because they eat wild plums, they are cultivated as domestic plum trees, and plum trees are regarded as sacred trees, that is, totem trees. Therefore, the descendants of Li often plant Li as a symbol next to the house, and this habit has been preserved to this day. " For example, Li Baijia has a peach and plum garden, and the palace garden in the Tang Dynasty has a variety of plum trees. "

The sixth statement: from the tiger totem theory. This view holds that Li's totem is not a plum tree, but a tiger. The totem of Laozi's birthplace in Li Er, Chen Chu is a tiger, and "Li Er" means "tiger" in Chu language. Gong wrote the Outline of Primitive Worship, saying: Li Er is also a Chu language, that is, a tiger. Lao Tzu's old country was Chen and died in Chu, so he was a Chu man. Chen is from the Huaihe River Basin. He calls the tiger "Li Er". This is why Lao Zi is also called Li Er. Li Er should be Chu Chenren's common name for tigers. According to legend, Lao Tzu was born in Geng Yin, a tiger. At that time, Kuxian dialect called the tiger "raccoon", so my relatives and neighbors called me "raccoon", and later it gradually evolved into "Li Er".

Seventh statement: from the old surname. This statement mainly comes from the textual research of Laozi's surname, and holds that Laozi is not surnamed Li but surnamed Lao, and Li's surname comes from the old surname. Archaeologists believe that Lao Zi's surname Li Minger is untrue, while Guo Moruo, Ma Xulun, Chen Duxiu and others agree with Tang. Gao Feng further verified that people who called Zi at that time, such as Confucius, Ceng Zi, Mozi, Mencius, Zhuangzi and Keiko, all used their surnames, while people who were independent of Lao Zi called them "Lao Dan" instead of "Kun Li". It's called "Lao Zi" instead of "Li Zi", so "Obviously, Lao Zi's original name is Lao Yi."

Eighth statement: the original surname of ethnic minorities. Yanbian Koreans are generally surnamed Li.

The ninth statement: it was changed by the northern surname of the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Li and other surnames were reprimanded on behalf of the North. After Emperor Xiaowen entered the Central Plains, he changed his surname to Li. See Wei's clan annals.

Second, migration distribution.

Throughout history, Li and Ren have roughly formed two origins. One is in Longxi, now Gansu Province, and the other is in Zhaojun, now Hebei Province. Mainly based on these two schools, the origin of Li surname in China was formed and spread all over the country. According to the Li Family Tree, the Li Yuan family was born in Longxi. After they established the Tang Dynasty, with the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, the surname Li became stronger and stronger. The source line originated in Zhao county is more productive. Within a few generations, it has become a local rich family, ranking above Zhang, Wang, Liu and Zhao. Later, Li in Hebei was divided into three factions, from Shanxi in the west, Shandong and Anhui in the east, and Henan and Huguang in the south, and the scope was expanded.

In the Tang Dynasty, Li moved south three times: once, in the early Tang Dynasty, some Li people moved south, and some of them from Henan moved into Kaizhangzhou, Fujian. The second time was the "An Shi Rebellion", and many descendants of Li moved to the south. The third time was in the Five Dynasties. Due to the unrest, Li moved to Fujian, Putian and Jinjiang.

From the late Ming Dynasty, people from Fujian and Guangdong moved to Taiwan Province Province. Li's overseas immigration began in the early Ming Dynasty, and all the people who went to Ryukyu were from Fujian. Many people sent to Ryukyu in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were surnamed Li, all from China who moved to Ryukyu from Fujian.

Tang king of the third county

(1) County:

Longxi County: A county was established during the Warring States Period. The ancestor of this Li family is Li Chong, the eldest son of Li Tan, Qin Situ.

Zhao County: A county was established in the Han Dynasty. The ancestor of this Li family is Li Mu, the second son of Li Ji, a famous teacher in Qin Dynasty.

Dunqiu County: A county was established in the Western Jin Dynasty. This branch of Li's branch in Longxi, Gansu Province was founded by the famous Western Han Dynasty.

Zhongshan county: the county of Emperor Henkel. This branch of Li is a branch of Zhao, whose ancestor is Gui Li's third son, Ricky.

Guanghan County: A county was established in the Han Dynasty. This branch of Li is named after Li in Longxi, and its ancestor is Li Shang (Li Guang's father).

(2) Hall number

The "Longxi Guild Hall" was named after Li's expectation of Longxi County.