Why is the housing price in China so expensive (reproduced)

As we all know, housing prices in China are getting more and more expensive. Rising house prices are not necessarily bad for everyone, and this phenomenon exists in a reasonable place. A few days ago, I saw an official in China on the financial website saying that the normal rise in house prices is a reflection of demand and the improvement of people's living standards. The editor made several choices for this view, agreeing, disagreeing and being neutral. I definitely chose not to agree. In short, it's easy to sit and talk. What he said about "needs" and "people" are narrow. Let me analyze them below. It's really strange that there is no noise except for senior officials. This is really a highly centralized autocratic system. In fact, I have always felt that everyone understands the truth, because not long ago, I heard a contractor with only junior high school education talk about the rise in housing prices, which was very good, just as I thought, but what he said was a phenomenon, and others didn't need to know so much. I think everyone knows, but I can't hear the sound. Until a few days ago, I saw the analysis of Professor Lang Xianping on a financial network. It really hits the nail on the head and makes people happy. That's it. There is nothing to say. Reminds me of an article in middle school called The Emperor's New Clothes. Finally, the child said that the emperor was naked. Of course, Professor Lang's frankness broke the traditional thinking of China's so-called economist, and he dared not touch the "high-voltage line". This is admirable. I want to be a child here. In front of Professor Lang, I can only be a child at most. It still pays to think of it. I have the courage to say what everyone knows. There are many factors that determine the price of a house, and people always pay attention to demand and cost. When it comes to demand, we have to talk about the background of demand. According to the experience of developed countries, a sign of economic development to a certain level is how the urbanization process is. Driven by industrialization and urbanization, a large number of people have flooded into cities, and the characteristics of China's large population have caused a large demand for housing. With curiosity, I went to some foreign developed countries, such as the United States, Japanese, Hongkong and Taiwan Province Province. Due to its own special reasons, in the process of urbanization, house prices fluctuated in different degrees, and finally the price subsided excessively, which shows that this is a normal phenomenon. Under this normal background, I want to talk about a problem in our country, that is, the gap between the rich and the poor is getting bigger and bigger. It is reported that China's Gini coefficient ranks first in Asia, largely because of uneven social distribution. When people pay the price for industrialization and the profits shared by industrialization are stolen by a small part, when people have not reflected, they have already started vigorous urbanization. This has produced two groups, the rich and the poor in a broad sense. I'm talking about a relative concept. The rich can afford to buy a house where they belong, or they can buy a house in a more developed place than where they belong. The poor are people who can't afford a house, or so-called "house slaves" who are paying their mortgages. If you work in the provincial capital, you can buy a house in the county, but it is not suitable and belongs to the poor. If wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few rich people, if housing is limited, the demand between the two will cause housing prices to rise, and a large number of people can't afford housing. Of course, due to the concentrated resources of our country's system, such as education and medical care, it is human nature to go to a better place, which objectively makes a place more centripetal. As a friend of mine in Chengdu said, most people who buy houses in Chengdu are powerful people in various cities, counties and places in Sichuan Province. They seem to have amazing skills. If they retire, they can live in their own places, and if they enter the provincial capital, they can be promoted to the whole country. Why are the housing prices in Shenzhen, Beijing and Shanghai more expensive? Because it has concentrated powerful people from all over the country and lived a life of "retirement can also make contributions", Shanxi people bought a lot in Beijing. Urbanization causes people's demand for urban housing, thus raising house prices. Because of people's wealth differences, housing cannot be allocated, and house prices will remain high for a long time. The above is one aspect of the price determined by demand, which can be said to be a reason, only the relationship between the rich and the poor. In fact, there is competition between the rich and the rich. Due to the special reasons of China economy, private capital has no effective investment channels. With the liberalization of China's capital market, people will not put their money in banks with low returns. Capital is profit-seeking, coupled with the conservatism of the rich in investment, investing in real estate is a good choice. In any case, there are always objects there, and their hearts are safe. The rich man invested a lot of money in real estate, which amplified the effect of housing price growth and accelerated the speed of housing price growth. Walking in the newly developed areas of major cities, real estate agents always say that the houses are sold out, but there are not many people living in a building, which is clear and clear, in stark contrast to the fire outside the wall. The relationship between house price and cost can be said. Let's take a look at the factors that constitute the cost, such as the price of land, the cost of approving the building, and the cost of building. These three factors are almost very important. First, the land price. Who knows, China's urbanization needs a lot of land, and even seriously occupies agricultural land in China, which makes the government determined to rectify unreasonable land use. This has prompted the scarcity of urban housing land. Due to the so-called "enclosure movement" of real estate developers, less and less land can be granted, and more and more people need land. This is like a bull's-eye, pushing the land price longer and longer. This is one aspect. As we all know, land belongs to the state, and no interest group dares to move. The state has set up a special zone in Shenzhen for pilot development. At that time, the central government tacitly delegated a very important right, that is, the right to sell land, and used the money from land sales to build infrastructure. Of course, this is the last resort to attract investment. Because the limited land needs to serve industrialization, the urbanized residential land is reduced. The high land price in Shenzhen is largely due to the scarcity of housing land. Now inland cities are fighting for this right and want to take the road of Shenzhen. If you don't do it according to your own reality, you may lose more than you gain. For example, if Chengdu and Chongqing are planned as a whole, they can sell their land together and sell it at a good price, which will continuously squeeze people's living space. I feel that urbanization is the first step, which is to promote industrialization, and vice versa. Apart from high housing prices, can it continue? This policy is not unheard of. Are people so optimistic? Really like public opinion, people can only see trees, but not forests. Talking about the cost of building approval, this is the corruption of government officials mentioned by Professor Hong Kong Lang, which gives us the phenomenon that officials are constantly corrupt in real estate. To build a house, it is almost necessary to walk between government departments and 100 chapters, forming a huge interest group, and the cost is becoming more and more important. Real estate developers are interested in it, as long as they can get a share in the interest chain. In this, I saw a chain of interests, which can affect the house price, or an aspect of the impact. Real estate developers can bribe officials to develop land and houses-bribed officials invest in real estate in various ways-which leads to rising house prices (bribed officials pay the bill)-and the money goes back to real estate developers. Of course, it may be more complicated, and the interest chain spans time and space. About the construction cost of housing construction, there are materials, labor and so on. To be sure, the price of energy materials products continues to rise, which increases the construction cost of houses. My focus is on the extent to which the price increase of energy materials products is caused by real estate. The demand for real estate will not cause the price of national and even international energy materials products to continue to rise, because the products needed by real estate are very limited. I think the rise of energy materials products is largely the result of industrialization, which shows that the industrialization of our country is getting better and better, and the demand for energy materials is rising sharply. This is the embarrassing situation that urbanization is ahead of industrialization as I mentioned above. Just like a child, if he doesn't learn to crawl, he will inevitably fall and fall. The government is unrealistic and wishful thinking, and finally the people pay the bill. Then I remembered the child who said that the emperor was naked. Andersen is very clever and has no ending, but we will have the opportunity to express our views on the development of the Internet. Children are children. Who cares?