Collect some agricultural proverbs and talk about the phenological knowledge they contain.

In ancient China, we paid great attention to the phenology of solar terms, and there were many seasonal agricultural proverbs spread in China. For example, "If you don't know Jia Zi, don't tell fortune, don't know solar terms, don't farm", "People don't recite scriptures, but remember festivals clearly", "Farming has no rules, and it depends on solar terms", and so on. Twenty-four solar terms and "solar term phenology calendar" play an important historical role in Chinese farming.

first of all, it is "encouraging farmers to be native to their fields". In ancient China, "Spring is the first year of the year", and beginning of spring is the first day of the year. On this day, the whole country will hold a grand "Spring Festival" activity. In Beijing, the emperor and the queen will take the officials of the civil and military forces to the Xiannongtan to hold a ceremony of "the emperor cultivates and the queen cultivates silkworms" to show their respect for agriculture and love for the people, and their country and people are safe. States and counties around the country should also hold various spring festival temple fairs to convey the imperial edict and spread the new law of farming and mulberry.

the second is "respecting the farming season". The 24 solar terms are based on the phenology and farming in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and other areas can only be used as reference, which requires all localities to formulate local "farming calendars" so that people can cultivate according to the calendars and ensure a bumper harvest in agriculture.

the third is "waiting for the weather". In the practice of solar phenology, the ancients found that phenological anomalies can be used to predict certain disasters. For example, "Water drenches the bull's head in spring, and farmers worry for a hundred days", which means that if it rains when beginning of spring holds the folk ceremony of "beating the spring cattle", there will be a spring drought this year.

"long summer thunders and sings, and there are many pests in early rice", which means that there was a thunderstorm in long summer this day, and the pests in early rice fields were more serious this year. In short, through the early warning of solar phenology, people can take corresponding precautions in advance to achieve the purpose of disaster reduction and prevention.

after the establishment of the twenty-four solar terms, it became the earliest calendar in China that combined astronomy, meteorology and phenology to guide agricultural activities. According to Yi Zhou Shu Shi Xun Jie in the 2nd century BC, there are twenty-four solar terms and seventy-two periods in a year.

it takes five days as one period and three periods as one, and each period corresponds to a phenological phenomenon, which is called "waiting". Because there are many "waiting responses" of the seventy-two periods, it is inconvenient to remember, and the interval is short, and the adaptation area is small. In history, the twenty-four solar terms and their corresponding phenology are the most commonly used.