History of Zhuhai's economic development.

Zhuhai is located in the south bank of the Pearl River Delta and at the mouth of the Pearl River, and has natural advantages in developing shipping. Thirty years ago, this beautiful seaside town was fortunate to be one of the four special economic zones in China. Since then, Zhuhai has been at the forefront of reform and opening up and has become a window city for opening up.

Port, the most advantageous core resource in Zhuhai, has been undergoing earth-shaking changes since the establishment of the special economic zone: in the past 30 years, Zhuhai Port has become the "leader" of the port group on the west bank of the Pearl River Delta and even the whole Xijiang River basin from a small-scale inland river ferry and fishing port.

Nowadays, in Gaolan Port, 654.38+100000-ton and 654.38+05000-ton deep-water wharf berths are under construction, new international routes are constantly being opened up, the inland river port alliance has been established, and the industrial chain formed around the port is gradually gathering.

Gaolan Port is marching towards a new generation of regional hub port with deep water, high efficiency and environmental protection, with a throughput of over 100 million tons and a container throughput of 3 million to 5 million TEUs.

30 years in the Special Economic Zone: the port throughput increased by 278 times.

1978 Zhuhai was still a small border town with only 13 steamboats and 8 barges. Although Xiangzhou Port was the main port in Guangdong Province after liberation, the ports in Zhuhai at that time were mainly small fishing ports and ferries. Over the years, the port throughput of Zhuhai County has been hovering around 6.5438+0.8 million tons.

From 65438 to 0980, Zhuhai Special Economic Zone was established, Zhuhai became the window of China's opening to the outside world, and the development strategy of "prospering the city with Hong Kong" began to sprout quietly. From 1979 to 1985, Zhuhai has invested more than1300,000 yuan in port construction, focusing on the construction and development of Jiuzhou Port and Qianshan Port. In the past five years, the throughput of Zhuhai port has increased nine times, reaching 654.38+0.92 million tons.

20 10, Zhuhai Special Economic Zone entered the "Year of Establishment". From Gaolan Port, international container routes can go directly to South America, and Xijiang barges can go directly to Wuzhou, Guangxi. This year, the annual throughput of Zhuhai Port headed by Gaolan Port is expected to reach 50 million tons, an increase of 278 times over 30 years ago.

Among the "Top Ten Key Projects" launched by Zhuhai Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, the total investment in hub project construction and industry in Gaolan Port Economic Zone will reach more than 654.38+30 billion yuan in the next three to five years. Gaolan Port is the only deep-water wharf on the west bank of the Pearl River, and it is becoming a regional hub port that radiates around and drives industrial development.

Jiuzhou Port: Opening up Hong Kong's "Golden Waterway"

1980, the construction of Jiuzhou Port Passenger Terminal and Small Freight Terminal started. In September, 1982, Jiuzhou Port, the first port opened to the outside world in Zhuhai, was completed, and then two routes were opened to Hong Kong and Shekou, Shenzhen. The transportation time from Zhuhai to Shenzhen and Hong Kong has been shortened to more than 1 hour. The door of Zhuhai's direct access to Hong Kong World Trade Center has been opened.

Jiuzhou Port Passenger Terminal, built in 1982, has five berths, which can berth five flying wing ships or catamarans at the same time, and also reliably berth 800 large passenger ships. The small cargo terminal has three berths, which can reliably berth 1.500-ton cargo ships and container ships, with an annual cargo throughput of 800,000 tons. At that time, Jiuzhou Port of this scale was not only the only deep-water port on the west coast of the Pearl River Delta, but also the largest comprehensive passenger and cargo terminal in Zhuhai.

More than 20 years ago, some Hong Kong investors who saw the development potential of special economic zones came to Zhuhai to set up factories and start businesses through this main waterway. This investment boom later created a number of outstanding Hong Kong-funded enterprises, such as Tianwei Mafei.

Until today, Jiuzhou Port is still an important window connecting Zhuhai waterway with Shenzhen and Hong Kong, and Jiuzhou Port Container Terminal is still an important link in the logistics chain of many enterprises in Zhuhai. In the past 28 years, the high-speed passenger ship from Jiuzhou Port to Hong Kong has become a veritable "golden waterway on the water", which is the necessary transportation foundation for wider and closer cooperation between Zhuhai and Hong Kong.

Gaolan Port: Implementing the Important Task of "Building a City with Port" in Zhuhai

Before 1990s, Xiangzhou Port, Jiuzhou Port, Jing 'an Port and Qianshan Port mainly served Zhuhai's own urban construction and trade with Hong Kong, and made great contributions to the social and economic development at that time. However, as the "gateway city" of the Xijiang River estuary, Zhuhai still has no 10,000-ton deep-water port and no international container routes, which means that the port has not really opened its doors to the world.

1992, Zhuhai Avenue and Gaolan Port, two 20,000-ton multifunctional wharves, and Liandao levee connecting Nanshui Town and Gaolan Island were successively built and put into use. Since then, Gaolan Port has embarked on the historical stage of Zhuhai's social and economic development with the beautiful wish of prospering the city with Hong Kong.

In 2008, the new municipal party committee and government clearly put forward the development strategy of "building the city with Hong Kong". The coastline of Gaolan Port is 68.5 kilometers, and it is planned to build more than 10,000-ton wharves 100. It has the conditions to build petrochemical wharves with 300,000-ton tonnage and the annual designed throughput is over 65.438+500 million tons, which has truly become an important strategic resource and core competitiveness for the development of Zhuhai Port.

In July 2008, the reform of port development and construction management system was initiated, and the Municipal Port Administration, Zhuhai Port Holding Group and Gaolan Port Economic Zone Management Committee were successfully established, forming a new system with clear division of labor and integrated linkage among port administration, port operation and development and port construction management. In the past two years, despite the impact of the international financial crisis, Zhuhai Port has maintained a good momentum of steady growth, and then put forward "marching towards a 100 million-ton port"!

However, in the Pearl River Delta region where there are many ports, it is not easy for Gaolan Port to move towards a 100 million-ton port. Facing Yantian Port and Nansha Port with considerable container throughput, Zhuhai Port must take the road of differentiated development. In 2009, the throughput of kerosene gas in Zhuhai Port was 24.9 million tons, accounting for 23% of Guangdong's energy throughput, of which refined oil accounted for 15.86% and liquefied gas accounted for 20.58%, ranking second in Guangdong. The implementation of differentiation strategy makes Zhuhai Port avoid the homogenization competition with the surrounding ports and narrow the gap with advanced ports.

Therefore, Gaolan Port is vigorously promoting the construction of coal wharf, ore wharf and petrochemical wharf while vigorously building container wharf. At present, 80,000-ton oil terminal and 50,000-ton container terminal have been built, and 65,438+10,000-ton coal terminal and150,000-ton ore terminal are under construction.

With the development of ports, the advantages of interaction between port production and port-facing industries are gradually emerging. The development of Gaolan Port not only promoted the development of large-scale internationally competitive industries such as electricity, petrochemical, shipbuilding, aviation and equipment manufacturing in Zhuhai, but also successfully attracted the world's top 500 enterprises such as Shell Petroleum and BP Chemical, as well as PetroChina, CNOOC and CSSC to invest in Zhuhai. It also promoted the formation of Zhuhai's regional logistics center, greatly enhanced Zhuhai's regional competitiveness and influence, and became the key for Zhuhai to build a core city on the west bank of the Pearl River Estuary.