I don't have a company, but I want to do foreign trade, import or export. what can I do? And through what channels to develop foreign customers? thank you

Import can be divided into two ways: general trade import and feed processing enterprise import.

First of all, talk about general trade imports. For general trade imports, we must first determine the payment method, whether it is telegraphic transfer or letter of credit. If it is a letter of credit, we must first open the letter of credit and then determine the shipment date of the import. Start the import operation.

1. First of all, get the bill of lading, invoice and packing list of foreign customers. If the goods are imported from Korea and Japan, you must also have a non-wood packaging certificate.

2. First of all, change the bill of lading with the shipping company, that is, change the bill of lading from the shipping company, that is, the bill of lading. It has detailed transportation information about the goods imported by your company.

For the imported goods that need to be inspected in advance, they have to go to the commodity inspection bureau for inspection. In fact, the exchange of orders and inspection should be carried out in advance. If imported goods do not need inspection, they do not need inspection. In fact, whether the goods you import need to be inspected, you can ask your freight forwarder to check it for you, or you can check it yourself through the commodity code book.

4。 After changing the bill, if commodity inspection is needed, fill in the import declaration form and hand it over to the freight forwarder for customs declaration. The materials used for customs declaration include: invoice, packing list, bill of lading exchanged by shipping company, power of attorney for customs declaration, import goods declaration form, and commodity inspection certificate when necessary.

Generally speaking, imported goods have to pay import duties. Therefore, in order to speed up the import customs clearance, it is best to write an oral check (but this method will not be allowed by the financial department of the enterprise). After the customs issues the payment book, it is necessary to write a check. Generally speaking, anyone who imports goods into the customs must pay by cheque. Generally speaking, customs duties are paid to the Bank of China. After paying the customs duty, the bank will stamp the bank seal on the payment slip for you.

6. Give the payment documents to the freight forwarder, and then the freight forwarder will clear the customs. This is commonly called release.

7. After receiving the customs duties, the customs will stamp the release stamp on the bill of lading and take the bill of lading to the dock where the shipping company is located to pick up the goods. (This is often called secondary publishing)

The general procedures for the import of raw material processing trade are similar. The only difference is that you must run a manual first. I'll give you another topic about the handling of the manual when I have time. It is divided into processing manual and processing manual. When you declare, you should use the manual of processing trade, plus the information needed for general trade.

Then pay the customs duty, because there is a manual, so if the goods you import are duty-free, only pay the deposit, some need to pay the full amount, that is, the deposit of 100%, and some only pay the deposit of 100 yuan. These deposits will be written off after all the imported materials and nuclear export products in your manual are completed, and the deposits you paid will be refunded to you one by one after writing off. The operation procedure is the same as the tariff paid in general trade. There is only one tariff and one deposit.

The consignee prepares the import documents → changes the documents → applies for inspection → declares the goods → handles the equipment handover certificate → receives the boxes → picks up the goods.

The processing of foreign trade export documents is the core of the whole foreign trade work. Novices can clearly connect the whole foreign trade link by learning documents.

I have worked in the foreign trade industry for several years, and I am familiar with export and have some experience. Now share with you the process of foreign trade export documents. I won't say much about the previous business part, that is, the customer makes an inquiry, the business department makes an offer, then takes the order, the foreign trade company approves it, and places an order with the factory. These steps are similar. Now let me talk about a part of the foreign trade export documentation process when the goods are ready for shipment.

1 determines the foreign exchange collection method of this contract.

-If the customer pays by letter of credit, it is usually confirmed to receive the letter of credit 1 month before the delivery date. After receiving the letter of credit, the salesman and the voucher clerk need to review the letter of credit separately to check whether there are any mistakes, whether the delivery date can be guaranteed and other possible problems. If there are any problems, the customer should be asked to amend the letter of credit immediately.

—— If it is a T/T payment customer, confirm that the deposit has been received.

-If it is a long-term customer with L/C and D/A terms, it needs the confirmation and approval of the general manager.

Inspect the goods and obtain the qualified inspection report.

-One week before the delivery date, the company inspector should be informed to inspect the goods (the department will follow up with the documentary).

-If the guest wishes to inspect the goods by himself or the designated inspector, he should ask the customer to inspect the goods one week before the delivery date and inform the Foreign Trade Department of the inspection date.

-If the guest designates a third-party inspection company or notary office to inspect the goods, he should contact the inspection company two weeks before the delivery date to make an appointment for the inspection time, so as to ensure that the time is arranged before the delivery date. Notify the factory of the inspection time after confirmation.

After completing the inspection, you should get the inspection report. If it is unqualified, you should inform the factory to improve the goods or re-produce.

3 making basic documents and vouchers:

After receiving the customer's formal order, export contract, export commercial invoice, packing list, consignment note for export goods, verification form, customs declaration form, power of attorney for customs declaration, power of attorney for inspection (foreign trade personnel in the factory should also prepare: commodity inspection certificate, carton inspection form) and other documents.

4 commodity inspection:

If it is a national legal commodity inspection product, you should explain the commodity inspection requirements when ordering from the factory, and provide the export contract, invoice, packing list and other information needed for commodity inspection. Also tell the export port of the factory products so that the factory can handle the commodity inspection. You should get the inspection certificate/bill one week before delivery.

5 chartering and booking:

-If the contract signed with the guest is FOB China, the guest will usually appoint a transportation agent or shipping company. You should contact the freight forwarder as soon as possible, inform the delivery intention, know the export port and shipping date to be arranged, and confirm whether the delivery of the factory can be earlier than at least one week before sailing, and whether the shipping date can meet the delivery date required by the guests. A written booking notice should be sent to the freight company 7 days before the delivery date, and the warehouse receipt can usually be obtained 5 days before the sailing date.

-If the seller pays the freight, he should consult the freight company or shipping company as soon as possible about the shipping schedule, freight rate and sailing port. After comparison, choose a shipping company with favorable price, good reputation, punctual arrival time and suitable sailing time, and tell the salesman to inform the guests. If the guest disagrees, choose another shipping company recognized by the guest. Book the warehouse in writing one week before sailing, and the procedure is the same as above.

-If the goods are not enough for a small cabinet, when bulk goods are needed, book the location of bulk goods with the freight forwarding company. When you get the warehouse receipt, you should also know the customs clearance time, customs declaration requirements and so on.

-When booking shipping space with a shipping company, you must fax a written consignment note for export goods, indicating the scheduled shipment date, container type and quantity, destination port, etc. In order to avoid mistakes.

6. Arrange two cabinets:

—— After the goods are ready and qualified, entrust the trailer company to pick up the goods and put them in containers. Trailer companies should choose safe and reliable companies with reasonable prices to sign long-term cooperation agreements to ensure safety and punctuality. Fax the following information to the trailer company: booking confirmation/container loading drawing, shipping company, booking number, container hauling power of attorney, indicating container loading time, container type and quantity, container loading address, customs broker and loading port. If there is an inspection company to supervise the installation of cabinets, it is necessary to make a special statement not to be late. You also need to send back a container loading information, listing the container number, license plate number, driver and contact number. If the shipping company directly arranges the trailer, the above work is not needed, and the container loading date can be directly agreed.

-Fax a copy of the loading information to the factory, listing the loading time, cabinet type, warehouse reservation number, order number, license plate number and driver's contact number.

-Ask the factory to fax a shipping notice to the business department as soon as possible after the container leaves the factory, stating the shipping time of the container, the actual shipment quantity, etc. , and write down the package number and seal number as the information of the bill of lading. The factory is required to remember to lock the cabinet after loading it.

7. Entrusted customs declaration:

Before dragging the cabinet, the materials needed for customs declaration (export invoice, packing list, verification form, customs declaration form, etc.). , as well as the documents required by customers or customs) to the cooperative customs broker, and entrust the export declaration and change the commodity inspection clearance. There is usually two days for customs declaration (before the ship is intercepted). When customs declaration is entrusted, a container loading document should be provided, including the goods and quantity, port, shipping company, warehouse number, container number, sailing and closing time, trailer company, container type and quantity, contact person and telephone number of our company, etc.

Obtain transport documents: bills of lading.

-Fax the supplementary contents of the bill of lading (if necessary) to the shipping company or freight forwarder within two days after sailing at the latest. The supplementary contents of the bill of lading should be made according to the letter of credit or customer's requirements, and the correct quantity of goods and some special requirements should be given, including the ship certificate attached with the bill of lading required by the shipping company.

-Urge shipping companies to issue samples of bills of lading and waybills as soon as possible. After carefully checking the samples, confirm the contents of the bill of lading to the shipping company in writing. If the bill of lading needs to be confirmed by the guest, you should fax the sample of the bill of lading to the guest first, and then ask the shipping company to issue the original after confirmation.

—— Pay the freight and miscellaneous fees in time, and notify the shipping company to obtain transportation documents such as bill of lading after payment. Payment of freight should be registered.

-If the customer is engaged in FOB terms, he should inform the customer of the insurance in time and fax him a bill of lading.

Bill of lading is a very important link in the process of export documents. For shipping companies, the bill of lading is the only proof for customers to pick up the goods. Be sure to check it carefully. The original checked bill of lading is preferably a clean bill of lading.

9 Prepare other documents

Commercial invoice commercial invoice: the most stringent document required by the letter of credit. The invoice date should be determined after the opening date and before the delivery date. The description of the goods on the invoice should be exactly the same as that on the letter of credit, and the figures and amounts on the text should be correct. The invoice terms in the letter of credit should be displayed, and the shipping mark should also be displayed. If the invoice needs to be certified by the other embassy, it usually needs to be processed 20 days in advance.

-format of a GSP certificate of origin: format of a certificate of origin should be applied to the local commodity inspection bureau before delivery. It should be noted that the date of transportation should be before the delivery date and sailing date of the letter of credit and after the invoice date. If it fails to be handled before delivery, it is necessary to provide customs declaration, bill of lading and other documents for certification. For goods transshipped through Hong Kong, Certificate A is usually signed by China Commodity Inspection Company in Hong Kong to prove that the goods have not been reprocessed in Hong Kong.

-General certificate of origin: General certificate of origin can be handled at the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, with lower requirements. It can be reissued not too long after delivery. If the certificate of origin needs the signature of the embassy, it must be processed 20 days in advance, just like an invoice.

Shipping advice: generally speaking, it is required to inform the guests of the delivery details within a few days after sailing, including the name of the ship, flight number, sailing date, estimated arrival date, goods and quantity, amount, number of pieces, shipping marks, port of destination agent, etc. Sometimes letters of credit require proof of delivery, such as fax report, letter delivery form, etc. , and pay attention to the processing within the time required by the guests.

-Packing list: The packing list should clearly indicate the packing condition of the goods. It should show the quantity, gross weight, net weight and outer box size of each box. The total volume calculated according to the size of the outer box should be consistent with the indicated total volume. For the convenience of guests, the shipping mark and container number should be displayed. The weight and volume of the packing list should be consistent with the bill of lading.

The above documents shall be subject to the requirements of the guests, and those not required by the guests shall not be handled. If guests require special certification materials, such as beneficiary certificates required by some guests, they should be handled in time as required.

10 d/p:

-If a letter of credit is used to receive foreign exchange, all documents should be prepared within the specified prompt time, and carefully reviewed before being submitted to the bank for negotiation.

-If 30% deposit and telegraphic transfer are used to collect foreign exchange, fax the bill of lading to the guest immediately after obtaining it, and then send the original bill of lading and other documents to the guest after confirming the receipt of the balance.

-If the foreign exchange is collected according to 100%T/T, and the goods can only be made after the full payment, the production will be arranged after the payment. You can send the original to the guests as soon as you get the bill of lading.

D/P principle of foreign exchange collection: if it is T/T mode, it is necessary to collect the payment first and then release the bill to the customer, that is, collect the foreign exchange first and then release the bill; If it is a letter of credit model, it is necessary to prepare and review documents according to the requirements of the letter of credit within the specified time, and submit all documents required by the letter of credit to the bank designated by the customer for negotiation.

1 1 business registration:

After each export business is completed, it should be registered in time, including computer registration and written registration, so as to make inquiries and statistics in the future.

12 file archiving:

All foreign trade documents, letters of credit and negotiation documents must be kept for future reference.

According to the above order, the process of foreign trade export documents is completed. If you are an assistant, or want to control the export cost, the voucher clerk should usually pay attention to collecting information such as air freight rate, shipment date and route to help the salesman quote. You can make documentaries in the early stage of foreign trade, be familiar with processes and products, accumulate experience to do business and open up markets.