How to plant Camellia oleifera (sharing Camellia oleifera cultivation techniques)

Camellia oleifera is also called Camellia oleifera flower, which is called Camellia oleifera in Bian Xiao's hometown. Its fruit is called camellia oleifera. Every year when tea seeds can be picked, they will take ladders and buckets to the mountains to pick them. The oil fried from tea seeds is delicious, nutritious and storable, and it is a high-quality edible oil. Let's learn about the cultivation and cultivation management of Camellia oleifera.

1. Woodland selection

Camellia oleifera likes light and temperature, likes acid, and avoids cold, heat and alkalinity. It is more suitable for the growth of red soil and yellow soil in the south, with a depth of more than 60 cm, which is loose, fertile, moist and well drained. Groundwater level is below 1 m, PH value is 5-6.5, and altitude is 100-5000. Woodland planning should not only facilitate traffic, but also facilitate mechanical operation. According to the topography and landforms, forest types and subcategories should be divided, roads, forest paths and working areas should be planned, and facilities such as irrigation, water storage and drought resistance should be considered where conditions permit.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization

Soil preparation should be carried out one year or half a year before afforestation, and it is best to open up wasteland in summer and autumn of the first year. Pretreatment-Weeds, shrubs and tree holes on the forest land should be removed in the early stage of land preparation. The quality of land preparation directly affects the survival rate of camellia oleifera forest and the growth of trees. Especially in mountainous areas with shallow soil layer, soil preparation can accelerate rock weathering and soil maturation, increase the depth of plough layer, and help to conserve water and increase organic matter.

3. Variety selection

According to different climatic factors in different places, select excellent varieties suitable for local ecological conditions.

4. Planting density

The planting density of Camellia oleifera should be selected according to the local geological environment, characteristics of Camellia oleifera varieties and management purposes. Planting density should be adapted to local conditions. The minimum density and maximum density of Camellia oleifera should not be less than 0.6 and 0.8 respectively.

Planting density of pure camellia oleifera forest: row spacing is 2.5m, and plant spacing is 2.5 m; Or row spacing of 3m, plant spacing of 2.5m or row spacing of 3m, plant spacing of 3m. * Planting density of Camellia oleifera in the foothills and flat areas with fertile soil: the row spacing is 3m, the plant spacing is 2.5-3m, and about 75-90 plants can be planted per mu. * Planting density of Camellia oleifera in areas with poor soil fertility or steep slope: the row spacing is 3m and the plant spacing is 2-2.5m. About 90- 1 10 plants can be planted per mu.

Loosen weeds

(1) Weed and loosen the soil once when sowing, and then weed and loosen the soil twice a year, but weeding and loosening the soil is different in each area, generally the first time is in May-June and the second time is in late August-September.

(2) High temperature weather is not suitable for weeding Camellia oleifera. Generally, the depth of pine is 3m-5m, but it should be shallow in the planting year. With the passage of a year, the depth of pine will gradually deepen, starting from the edge of young trees, digging shallow in the soil and digging deep in the sticky ones.

6. Fertilization of young forest

(1) If Camellia oleifera is planted in woodland with sufficient base fertilizer, it is not necessary to fertilize Camellia oleifera in the first year, but it should be fertilized twice a year. Slow-acting fertilizers should be applied in winter, such as fire ash or other decomposed organic fertilizers, and quick-acting fertilizers, such as urea, should be applied in spring.

(2) The fertilization amount of each camellia oleifera can not exceed 25g in one year, and it can be applied for many times, but the fertilization amount of each camellia oleifera can not exceed 10g.

7. scientific pruning

The most suitable period for pruning Camellia oleifera is spring. Shading should be done in time after pruning, and young trees that have been pruned should not be excessively pruned.

Dry farming: During the period of 1 -2 years when Camellia oleifera is planted, all the spring shoots sprouting from the terminal buds should be preserved so as to quickly become the trunk.

Modeling setting: 3-4 robust main branches should be selected when the trunk is about 60cm, and the number of auxiliary main branches on each main branch should be determined according to the size of the tree and the distance between the two main branches.

8. Key points of harvesting

When picking the fruit of Camellia oleifera, the branches of Camellia oleifera should not be broken for picking. After fruit picking, the stacking time should not exceed 5-6 days. It should be widely publicized. In the process of spreading and drying, it takes several times to break the camellia oleifera fruit. Then, clean up the impurities in the fruit, and put away the camellia seeds for storage. Finally, you have to squeeze oil.

To sum up, it is the whole content of Camellia oleifera cultivation management. Growers who want to learn from it can consider according to the local actual environment, and the specific planting techniques depend on local conditions.