Shi Shuo Xin Yu

People's Education Edition says three new sentences: It's time to have a baby, Jubo Xun overlooks his friend's illness, and Wang Lan Tian is impatient.

Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a notebook novel which mainly narrates anecdotes in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it was produced in the Southern Song Dynasty (420-58 1). It was written by a group of writers organized by Liu Yiqing (403-444), king of Linchuan, the imperial clan of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, with Liu Jun as a note. The original book has eight volumes, and Liu Xiao notes ten volumes. Today's biographies are all made into three volumes, which are divided into 36 branches, such as morality, speech, politics, literature, founder and magnanimity. There are more than 0/000 articles in the whole book/kloc, which describe the anecdotes of celebrities and nobles from the end of Han Dynasty to Liu Song Dynasty, mainly for the relevant figures to comment, talk metaphysically and respond wittily.

basic content

Cover of Shi Shuo Xin Yu

Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a representative novel of Zhi Ren in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. This is a short story with notes and anecdotes compiled by Liu Yiqing (403-444) in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was the nephew of Emperor Wu of Song Wudi and was named King Linchuan. He is "pure in nature, lacking in lust and loving literature and meaning." ..... gather the scribes, from near to far "(Biography of Liu Shu's Taoist Rules in Song Dynasty with Biography of Liu Yiqing). Judging from the contents of this book, there is no unified thought in the book, including Confucianism, Laozi and Zhuangzi, and Buddhism. It may have been written by many people, and the literary scholars recruited by Liu Yiqing may have participated in its compilation. According to its content, Shi Shuo Xin Yu is divided into 36 categories, such as morality, language, politics, literature and religion. Each category contains several stories, including 1200 books. Each book has a different length, some lines and some words. This shows the appeal and characteristics of note novels. Its content mainly records the words and deeds and anecdotes of some celebrities from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Jin and Song Dynasties. The characters in the book are all real people in history, but some of their remarks or stories are hearsay and do not conform to historical facts. A considerable part of this book is a miscellaneous collection of various books. For example, the stories of individual characters in the Western Han Dynasty, such as Guizhen and Yuan Xian, were collected from Historical Records and Hanshu. Other parts are also collected from previous records. The stories of some characters in Jin and Song Dynasties, such as the dialogue between Xie Lingyun and Kong Chunzhi in Speech, may be taken from rumors at that time because these characters are contemporary with Liu Yiqing. Shi Shuo Xin Yu, praised by Mr. Lu Xun as a textbook for celebrities, mainly describes the life and thoughts of scholars and the ruling class, reflects the ideological deeds of scholars in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and records the life of the upper class are quite rich and true. This description helps readers to understand the era and political and social environment in which the literati lived at that time, and let us clearly see the so-called "Wei-Jin demeanor". It mainly describes the life of literati from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties. In addition, Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a literary technique of comparison, metaphor, exaggeration and description, which not only retains many well-known words, but also adds infinite luster to the book. "Not to future generations, also not enough to remember in one thousand! "It's a famous sentence by Huan Wen, a famous scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which comes from Shi Shuo Xin Yu. At present, Shi Shuo Xin Yu not only has the value of literary appreciation, but also the characters' deeds and literary allusions are quoted by later writers, which has a great influence on later notes. The words in Shi Shuo Xin Yu are generally plain prose, sometimes spoken, and meaningful. It is also quite distinctive in the articles of Jin and Song Dynasties, so it has always been loved by people, and many stories have become common allusions in poetry. Shi Shuo Xin Yu (also known as Shi Shuo) mainly records anecdotes and metaphysical words of celebrities in Wei and Jin Dynasties. It can also be said that this is a collection of stories recording the romantic life in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Of the 36 doors in the three volumes of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, the first volume contains four doors-morality, speech, politics and literature, while the middle volume contains nine doors-founder, magnanimity, knowledge, appreciation, taste, discipline, enlightenment, wisdom and courage. This 13 door is all positive. For example, when hoeing vegetables in the gardens of Guan Ning and Huaxin, there was a piece of gold in the field, and the hoe was no different from a tile stone, so China caught it and threw it away. I have also tasted the taste of reading at the same table. Those who pass by the entrance of the porch would rather study as before and read those useless books. Ning cut the mat and sat down separately, saying, "I'm not my friend." (Virtue) By comparing with Hua Xin, praised Guan Ning's indifferent side of fame and fortune. Another example: Gongsun Du Muliyuan: "The so-called white crane in the cloud is outside the bird net." ("Appreciation") This is not only a compliment to Li Yuan, but also a compliment to Gongsun Du's good reputation. As for the next 23 doors, the situation is more complicated. Some compliments are obvious, such as Rong Zhi, Rehabilitation and Yuan Xian. Some seemingly derogatory meanings, such as birth, simple pride, frugality, anger and confusion, are not all derogatory. Some of them are derogatory, such as four items in "insurance" and some items in "waste". There are also many entries that only write some kind of true feelings, without praise or criticism. It is not only the expression of true feelings, but also the expression of romantic feelings, so the editor's narrative is with relish. For example, when Wang Ziyou tried to let people live in empty houses, it made them grow bamboo. Or ask, "Why stay?" For a long time, he pointed to Zhu and said, "How can you live without this gentleman for a day?" (Any birthday) This kind of birthday shows a wonderful appreciation of bamboo, a deep love for bamboo, or an ideal personality in his love for bamboo. Another example is: King Jinwen's merits are great, Jin Yan is his seat, and he plans to become king. Only Ruan Ji was sitting, singing loudly and quietly. The pride of Jane is the loveliness of Ruan Ji. In a word, the editor has collected a lot of interesting anecdotes, but his attitude is objective and tolerant. Shi Shuo Xin Yu is an excellent auxiliary material for studying the history of Wei and Jin Dynasties. Among them, there are vivid descriptions of the activities of celebrities in Wei and Jin Dynasties, such as beautiful speech, commenting on topics, and various personality characteristics, such as comfortable life, noble birth, simplicity and arrogance, pursuit of life and wide hobbies. Throughout the book, we can get the group image of several generations of scholars in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Through these characters, we can further understand the fashion of the upper class in that era.

Artistic feature

Shi Shuo Xin Yu has made great artistic achievements. Mr. Lu Xun once summarized its artistic characteristics as "profound and cold words, lofty, simple and magnificent lines" (A Brief History of Chinese Novels). Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Liu Xiao's annotations involve more than 500 figures/kloc-0, including the main figures in Wei and Jin Dynasties, whether they are emperors, generals, hermits or monks. Some of its descriptions of characters focus on appearance, some on knowledge and some on psychology, but the focus is on expressing the characteristics of characters, and writing the unique characters of unique characters in a unique way to make them vivid, vivid and vivid. For example, "Frugality": "Wang Rong has a good plum, and he is afraid that people will get their seeds and keep drilling for it." It only takes 16 words to write out Wang Rong's greedy and stingy nature. Another example is The Scholars, which records that Gu Yong lost his son while playing chess in the crowd. He actually suppressed his sadness. "Although his attitude remains the same, his heart has lost its mind. Pat your hand with your paws and your blood will get dirty. " A detail vividly shows Gu Yong's personality. Shi Shuo Xin Yu describes the characters flexibly and variously, and some of them are contrasted by the different performances of several people in the same environment. For example, in The Scholars, Xie An and Sun Chuo are described as encountering stormy waves when crossing the sea. Xie An "seems carefree" and calm, while Sun Chuo and others are "affable" and "unable to sit still", showing Xie An's magnanimity in the face of danger. Others grasp the main features of the characters' personalities and make comic exaggeration. For example, in Anger, Wang Shu vividly described all kinds of stupid pictures of eating eggs to show impatience: "Wang Lantian is impatient. If you eat an egg and poke it with chopsticks, you will fly into a rage and throw it on the ground. If the chicken doesn't stop turning in the soil, it will still go down to the ground with its teeth, but this is not allowed. Very ugly. It went back to the ground and held it in its mouth. If you are bitten, you will vomit. " Some use personalized spoken language to express the characters' demeanor, such as Wang Dao's "tail finger sitting" in appreciation, calling He Chongzuo and saying, "Come, come, this is your surrender!" It vividly depicts Wang Dao's esteem for He Chong.

The influence of the work

The language of Shi Shuo Xin Yu is simple and vivid, implicit and meaningful. As Hu Yinglin (Ming Dynasty) said in Volume XIII of the Collection of Shaoshi Mountain Rooms: "When people in Jin Dynasty read their words, they look charming and vivid, but they are simple and mysterious, which is really endless." There are many widely used idioms in this book, such as: He is my brother, picking his teeth, strange things, infatuation, and so on. Shi Shuo Xin Yu has a far-reaching influence on later generations. Not only do novels that imitate it appear constantly, but many plays and novels are also based on it. This part is selected from the second volume of China Literature History edited by Yuan Xingpei (Higher Education Press, 1999 edition).

Shi Shuo Xin Yu suo Yi Shi zu Biao

Representatives of the first-class gentry in Taiyuan: Wang Chang-Wang Zhan-Wang Cheng-Wang Shu-Wang and Wang Gong.

Representatives of Sima family in wen county: Sima Yi-Sima Fu-Sima Shi-Si Mazhao-Sima You Sima Yan-Si Marui-Sima Yu-Sima Wende.

Wang Langya, the representative of the second-class gentry: Wang Yan-Wang Dao-Wang Dun-Wang Xizhi-Wang Xianzhi-Wang Huizhi-Wang Xun.

The representative figures of Long Kanghuan family: Huan Yi-Huan Wen-Huan Chong-Huanhuo-Huan Xuan-Huan Zhen.

The representative of Yin family in Chen County: Yin Xian-david moses-Yin Zhongwen.

Representatives of Xie Family in Chen County: Xie Shang, Xie An and Xie Xuan (not the first part)

Representatives of the Yu family in Xinye: Yu Liang-Yu Empress-Yu Bingyan-Yu Yi.

Liu Chen, a third-rate scholar, is the representative of Ruan family: Ruan Ji-Ruan Xian-Ruan Zhan.

Chen yuanjunshi

Representative of Gao Ping: Chi Jian -Xi Cheng-Chi Chao.

The Yang family in Mount Tai represents Yang Hucheng-yangfu.

First-class gentry: (indicating that the family has been a rich gentry for a hundred years from beginning to end) representative. Second-class gentry: from small and medium-sized clan to large clan.

Catalogue of works

Virtue first word second politics third literature fourth founder fifth measurement sixth knowledge appraisal seventh appreciation eighth taste seaweed ninth rule admonition tenth enlightenment eleventh admiration twelfth generosity thirteenth Rong Zhi fourteenth rehabilitation fifteenth career envy sixteenth mourning seventeenth residence eighteenth Xianyuan nineteenth skill solving twentieth skillful art twenty-first gift twentieth birthday. 3 Simple Pride 24 Rank 25 Slight 26 False 27 Exempt 28 Frugality 29 Extravagance 31 Adventure 32 Regret 33 Mistake 34 Confusion 35 Hostility 36

Edit an excerpt from this passage.

Our textbooks use several stories from Shi Shuo Xin Yu, such as Time has passed, Chen Taiqiu and the Friendship Period, Qin and Qin's Death, Early Zhou, Son of Yang, Yong Xue and so on. And some of them are enumerated and analyzed. The following are some famous stories for readers' reference. Hua Xin and Wang Lang both took refuge by boat, and one of them wanted to attach it, but it was difficult to attach it. Lang said, "Fortunately, it is still wide. Why not? " After the thief chased him, the king wanted to give up his man. Xin said, "That's why I became suspicious. That's why I doubt it. Now that I have accepted it, I would rather abandon evil in a hurry? " So I saved my life as before. The world used this to judge the merits and demerits of China and the king. (Virtue) Yu Zhong and Zhong Hui have a bad reputation. On the 13th, Wei Wendi heard about it and said to his father Zhong You, "You can send your second son." So goodbye. Jade's face was covered with sweat, and the emperor said, "Why is your face covered with sweat?" Yu said to him, "I'm afraid of war and I'm sweating like a pulp." Question and answer session: "Why don't you sweat?" He said, "tremble, you dare not sweat." (Speech) When Yu Zhong's brother was a child, he slept on duty for his father during the day because he stole medicine and wine. His father felt it and let him watch. Worship before drinking, and drink if you don't worship. Then asked why Yu worshipped, Yu said, "wine is a gift, and I dare not worship." He also asked why he didn't worship, and would say, "Stealing is indecent, so I don't worship." (Speech) Seven-year-old Wang Rong tried to swim with children. Look at the many branches of plum trees on the roadside. The children scrambled for it, but they didn't move. People asked him and replied, "There are trees on the roadside, but there are many seeds, which will make plums bitter." Accept it and believe it. (magnanimous) In Jingkou, I sent someone to see my protege, Prime Minister Wang, and asked for a son-in-law. The Prime Minister sent a letter saying, "You can go to the East Wing and choose any one." When he came back, Bai said, "All the generals in the Wang family can also receive this gift. When I heard that I was looking for a husband, I was salty and reserved. Only Ichiro is lying on the bed, if he doesn't smell it. " Xi Gongyun: "Great!" It's easy to visit it because I married a woman. (Elegant) Wang Youjun: "Floating like a cloud, agile like a dragon." (Rong Zhi) Both Wang Ziyou and Wang Zijing were seriously ill, but Amethyst died first. Ziyou asked around, "Why didn't you hear the news? This has been lost! " It's not hard to talk. Then SuoYuLai condolences, didn't cry. Zi Su Jing is good at playing the piano, so he went into the spiritual bed and picked up the piano to play. The strings were not tuned properly, so he threw a cloud on the ground: "Amethyst! Amethyst! Everyone is dead. " He died that month because of his long mourning. (Mourning) Liu Lingheng indulged in drinking or undressed in the house, and everyone laughed. Ling said, "I take heaven and earth as my building and my room as my clothing. Why do you enter me? " (Ren Sheng) When Wei Wu went to war, he got lost and the army was thirsty. So he said, "There is a big merlin in front of me, who forgives his son, and can quench his thirst through ups and downs." When the foot soldiers smell it, they can get the source with their mouths full of water. When Wang Youjun was ten years old, the general liked it very much and slept in his tent. The general tastes first, but the right army has not yet started. A little later, Qian Feng came in, sifted people to discuss things, forgot that the right army was in the account, and said that he had turned against the plot. You Junjue listened to his words, knowing that there was no living truth, but he spit out the dirty bedding on his head and face and tricked him into sleeping. Dun said, We thought that the right army had not yet started when the matter was half done. "We have to get rid of it!" Xiang exclaimed in surprise. When I opened an account, I saw that you vomited and vomited again. The letter actually fell asleep and I gave it all to you. Yu said he was clever. (False) Wang is stingy. He married from his son, married alone, and later became more responsible. The (thrifty) daughter is suitable for Pei. She borrowed tens of thousands of dollars. When a woman returns, her face is silent. Paying back the money is a relief for women. (Frugality) Shi Chong and Wang Kai compete for luxury, but poor for clothes. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Kai's nephew, helped Kai. Try a two-foot coral tree. Flourishing foliage, helping the needy, chinese odyssey. Kay is a symbol of respect. Respect it, strike it with iron, and break it with your hands. Kay felt sorry for herself, but she thought it was a treasure for herself. Her expression was very serious. Chongyue said, "My hatred is not enough. I'll pay you back today. " I ordered the coral tree to be taken around, which was three feet and four feet long. They are unparalleled, and there are six or seven outstanding ones, such as Xu Kai. Kay panicked. (waste)