Little girl selling matches.

The little girl selling matches was written by Andersen. Andersen was born in a shoemaker's family. Childhood life is poor. 1835 began to write fairy tales, 1846 published The Little Match Girl. At that time, a friend sent him a letter with three pictures and asked him to write a fairy tale to match one of them. He chose a picture depicting a poor little girl with a bunch of matches in her hand and matched it with this fairy tale. This is because Andersen's mother was a beggar when she was young. Andersen said, "My mother told me that she couldn't get anything from anyone. She felt very hungry when she sat down under a bridge. She put her hand into the water and dipped a few drops of water on her tongue, because she believed it would stop her hunger. At last she fell asleep and slept until the afternoon. " This painting naturally reminds Andersen of his mother's miserable childhood. The model of the little girl in the article is Andersen's mother.

☆ Learning objectives:

1. Make students understand the tragic experience of the little match girl freezing to death in the street on New Year's Eve, and expose the evils of capitalist society.

2. Master the learning methods of brain, mouth and hands. Understand the profound sentences in the text and realize the thoughts and feelings it expresses.

3. Learn the new words in this lesson.

4. Read the text with emotion.

The key and difficult points of learning: to understand the profound sentences in the text and realize the thoughts and feelings expressed by him;

☆ Learning content:

(1) Text:

1. Keywords:

Look it up in the dictionary.

"Soul" Search "Ghost" Department

(2) Pay attention to the pronunciation of Braille:

(4) Error-prone and confusing words:

Curled dry (warm) stem (matching stem)

Tired (tired) is choking (choking) for (supplying)

Tripping in a cupboard (window) or a freezer basket (cradle)

Plaid (Fence) Kitchen (Kitchen) Xinjiang (Frontier) Blue (Blue Sky)

2. Explanation of words:

Exquisite-good quality. Fine, exquisite and perfect; Here, good, exquisite.

Stumbling-clumsy legs and feet, walking slowly and wobbling.

Kindness-kindness, affection. This word is generally used by the elderly to address the young.

Soul-a kind of immaterial thing that superstitious people think is attached to a person's body as a master. If the soul leaves the body, people will die. )

(2) Focus on understanding the content:

1. This text mentions "Eve" several times. Under what circumstances? Experience its function.

Hint: Eve is mentioned three times in the text. The first time was at the beginning of the article, and it was written that the little girl went out to sell matches on the "eve". The second time, I wrote that the little girl was cold and hungry, walking shivering in the street, watching the lights coming from other people's windows and smelling the smell of roast goose. I couldn't forget that it was "New Year's Eve". The third time was about the little girl who froze to death in the street on New Year's Eve.

The three references to "Eve" in the article are the specific time and environment where the story happened. Eve was supposed to be happy, but the little girl walked in the street on Eve, watching the lights coming in from other people's windows and smelling the smell of roast goose, and died in Eve's hunger and cold, which highlighted the little girl's misery and aroused people's sympathy and pity for her.

2. Read the following sentences, answer the questions in brackets and understand the meaning of the sentences:

Tip: These sentences with profound and difficult meanings should be read out loud from the text, grasp the key words, understand their literal meaning and the meaning in the context, that is, understand the purpose of the author's writing, that is, explain what? Express what? Expose what?

(1) "Snow fell on her long blond hair and rolled around her shoulders. It looked beautiful, but she didn't pay attention. Lights came through every window, and the street smelled of roast goose, because it was New Year's Eve-she wouldn't forget it. " What didn't she notice? What can't she forget? Why do you want to write like this? )

Tip: What the little girl didn't notice was her beautiful blonde hair, but what she couldn't forget was New Year's Eve. The beautiful blonde hair is covered with white snow flowers, which is really beautiful, but she can't care about it, because hunger and cold are around her, and what she needs more is warmth and food, especially on New Year's Eve, which is the happiest and most beautiful day of the year that people expect. In this way, we can see the little girl's longing for a better life, highlight the cold, hunger and miserable life of the little girl, and show how unreasonable that society is.

(2) "The next morning, the little girl sat in the corner, her cheeks were red and her mouth was smiling. She died and froze to death on the eve of the old year. " Since the little girls are frozen to death, why are they still "flushed and smiling"? )

Tip: This is because the little girl once felt that her soul had flown to a paradise without cold, hunger and pain. She died in such a beautiful fantasy that "her cheeks are red and her mouth is smiling."

(3) "No one knows: what wonderful things she has seen and how happy the New Year is with her grandmother." What does this sentence mean? What's the point of putting him at the end of the paper? )

Tip: This sentence means that the little girl froze to death, but no one knows that the little girl once saw a warm stove, a delicious roast goose, a beautiful Christmas tree and a loving grandmother in the fantasy of flying to heaven with her grandmother to find a life without cold, hunger and pain.

Putting him at the end of the full text makes us feel that the little girl yearns for a better life before she dies, but she can only see what she wants in the illusion, but the ending is freezing to death in the street. The beautiful illusion is in sharp contrast with the cold reality, which makes us hate the evil capitalist society and deeply sympathize with the little girl's misfortune.

Explain words and make sentences

[Slippers] Shoes without uppers at the back.

Furniture for babies to sleep in. Shaped slightly like a basket, it can be shaken to make the baby fall asleep easily.

[Apron] Something that is worn around the front to protect clothes or the body when working.

Tremble: The body trembles from physical or psychological stimulation. The shivering in this class means that hunger and cold make the little girl tremble all over. The northwest wind blew Hao Humboldt.

[Roasted Goose] A goose roasted in a special oven.

[Christmas Tree] Pine trees and fir trees used for Christmas are decorated with small candles, toys and gifts. Christmas is a festival for Christians to commemorate the birth of Jesus. Most churches stipulate that 65438+February 25th is Christmas Day.

New Year's Eve is the last day of the year. Also called New Year's Eve.

A businessman with a lot of property.

[Window] refers to the shop window facing the street, which is used to display samples of goods.

[Soul] (1) People who believe in superstition believe that an immaterial thing attached to the human body dominates human activities, and the soul dies after leaving the body. 2 character, conscience. This lesson is a superstitious saying that a person has a soul, and after death, the soul ascends to heaven.

Describe the aroma overflowing 】 【 aroma is very strong. : Exodus The food on the table gives off fragrant heat.

Poverty and hardship. Exodus: At that time, their family lived a poor life.

synonym

Strange (strange) poverty (poverty) kindness (kindness)

antonym

Fast warming;

Extremely kind

Bright and happy

Meaning discrimination

[Warm and mild] is an adjective, meaning neither too cold nor too hot. "Warmth" emphasizes not being cold, which means "making people feel comfortable", and is mostly used in climate and sunshine. "tenderness" emphasizes that there is no indifference, which can be used in climate and environment, as well as temperament, attitude and speech.

Interpretation of difficult sentences

1. "She was wearing a pair of slippers when she came out from home, but what's the use? That's a pair of big slippers-so big that her mother always wears them. "

This shows that the little girl's family is poor. She doesn't have her own shoes. She goes out in the cold winter and wears a pair of big slippers. Even such big slippers have always been worn by her mother.

Dare she take out a bundle of matches and light them on the wall to warm her little hands? She finally pulled out one.

The little girl wants to draw one out of many matches and warm her hands. She didn't sell matches, but she lit one herself. Her father will hit her. Does she dare? The unbearable cold drove her to the last straw and finally pulled out one.

They all flew away in light and happiness, flying higher and higher, and flew to places where there was no cold, hunger and pain.

This is the little girl's fantasy, which shows that the little girl has only cold, hunger and pain in that real world. If you want to be "neither cold nor hungry nor painful", you can only overthrow the social system in which that person exploits others.

No one knows what wonderful things she has seen and how happy she is to spend the New Year with her grandmother.

The little girl died with a smile. When people saw her small body, they simply said, "She wants to warm up", and no one paid any attention to her. But the author went deep into the little girl's heart before she died. She has seen many beautiful things, although they are hallucinations; "How happy she used to be with her grandmother" has won the love of the world. Grandma took her to see Happy New Year, and she died with such a beautiful wish. And these are "no one knows".

Appreciation of good sentences

1. Poor little girl! Cold and hungry, she walked forward trembling. Snowflakes fell on her long golden hair and rolled on her shoulders. It looked beautiful, but she didn't pay attention. Every window was lit, and the street smelled of roast goose, because it was New Year's Eve-she couldn't forget it.

The little girl has blond hair and lovely curly hair hanging freely over her shoulders. This shows that this is a beautiful little girl. However, she has no mind to care about her beauty. All she wants is that today is New Year's Eve-the last day of the year. On such a happy and warm night, she walked barefoot in the cold and dark street, eagerly watching the lights coming through the rich man's window and smelling the smell of roast goose floating in the street helplessly. Just because she is a child of a poor family, even on such a night, she must come out to sell matches and earn some money to make a living for her family. What a poor girl! This description deeply reveals the author's sympathy for the little girl.

This is a strange fire!

This "strange" fire made the little girl see the warm stove, which made her feel warm and satisfied for a short time. In this "cold and dark night" where snowflakes are flying all over the sky, it is really valuable for a little girl who is barefoot, her feet are black and blue with cold, her legs are curled up and her hands are almost frozen.

She quickly struck a whole match to keep her grandmother. For little girls, there is no light or warmth in this world. The appearance of grandma made her miss it very much. She clearly knows that her kind and gentle grandmother will disappear as soon as the match goes out. So, regardless of everything, she struck a "big handful" of matches "quickly". This sentence reflects the little girl's strong yearning for a better life and the coldness of social reality at that time.

Sentence pattern change

1. Turn interrogative sentences into affirmative sentences.

She was still wearing a pair of slippers when she came out from home, but what's the use? She was still wearing a pair of slippers when she came out from home, but it was useless.

Second, the abbreviation:

The roast goose stuffed with apples and plums smells delicious.

Roasted goose smells delicious.

abstract

This article tells the story of a little match girl who froze to death in the street on New Year's Eve.

Composition structure

Segmentation meaning

The first paragraph (section 1-4) tells the story of a little girl selling matches in the street on snowy New Year's Eve.

The second paragraph (section 5- 1 1) tells how many times the little match girl lit the match.

The third paragraph (12 and 13) tells that the little girl has died.

Main idea

This paper tells the story of a little match girl who froze to death in the street on New Year's Eve, showing the author's sympathy for the poor and exposing the social reality of the disparity between the rich and the poor.

Writing characteristics

1. The little match girl struck a match five times and had four hallucinations. The author organically combines reality with illusion, which makes us realize the unfairness, corruption and ugliness of the old system in a strong contrast.

Second, the end of the article is meaningful. The little match girl froze to death at the happiest moment in her illusion. She became the object of people's talk. This retrospective ending, as well as the words "beautiful" and "happy new year" in the ending, set off the tragic ending more prominently.

Tips for learning points

1. Learn the new words in this lesson.

2. Understand the author's thoughts and feelings from understanding the key words.

3. Experience the author's reasonable imagination from real life.

4. Read the text with emotion.

Knowledge expansion

1. Andersen (1805— 1875): Danish fairy tale writer. Born in a shoemaker's family. Childhood life is poor. In his early years, he wrote poems, plays and the novel The Impromptu Poet. 1835 began to write fairy tales, and * * * wrote 160 articles. The Ugly Duckling, Little Klaus, Big Klaus, The Emperor's New Clothes, The Nightingale, The Little Match Girl, She's a Waste, etc. The author exposed the darkness of society and the evil of money at that time and sympathized with the suffering of the lower class. The works have rich imagination, vivid plot and simple language. If novels made Andersen famous, fairy tales made him immortal.

2. Why did the little girl's match ignite as soon as it hit the wall?

The matches we use now must be rubbed with red phosphorus coated on the matchbox before they can be lit. But the early games were not like this. They are made of yellow phosphorus and sulfur. The ignition point of yellow phosphorus is very low, and it can burn when the temperature reaches 60℃. This kind of match can catch fire as long as it is rubbed on a rough surface. The little girl in the text sells this kind of matches. Because this kind of match is not very safe, it has been replaced by the current match.

3. Fairy tale: a genre of children's literature, which uses rich expressive techniques such as imagination, fantasy and exaggeration to illustrate a truth through interesting plots.

Let the students feel the tragic fate of the little girl in reading through the report.

(Health: I started with "It's very cold, it's snowing, and it's getting dark". This is the last night of the year-New Year's Eve. On this cold and dark night, a little girl with bare head and feet was walking in the street. "I realized that the little girl was very poor. It was originally a family reunion day, but the little girl was selling matches in the street. What a pity!

Health: I have a lot of matches in my pocket and one of her old ones in my hand. This whole day, no one bought her matches and no one gave her money. "I know how miserable the little girl is. She was born in a cold society, where people have no sympathy.

Health: I learned from "She didn't dare to go home because she didn't sell a match and didn't make any money. Dad will definitely hit her. " I realized that the little girl was sad, her father didn't love her, the little girl couldn't go home, and the only grandmother who loved her died again.

Health: I also realized that the little girl was miserable from the beautiful illusion she saw when she struck a match in the corner. Here, the author uses contour description.

Teacher: Do you agree with this statement? Who's going to talk about your opinion?

Health: I'll just talk about it. In real life, the little girl is cold, she needs warmth, and she fantasizes about having a stove; Because she was hungry, she fantasized about having food; Because Christmas is coming, she fantasizes about the Christmas tree; Because no one loves her and misses her grandmother, she fantasizes about her grandmother.

Health: It is because there is such a big difference between reality and fantasy. The better the fantasy, the more painful it is for readers. )

Fifth, class summary and extracurricular extension.

1, summary: What a touching story! What a poor little girl! Facing the cold weather, cold relatives and cold society, the little girl died tragically.

2. Extension: The little match girl is so miserable, can you rewrite her fate?

Second lesson

First, check the import:

1. Play the comic book Little Match Girl with music.

Dialogue: Students, last class, we learned the famous fairy tale The Little Match Girl by Andersen, the king of fairy tales in the world. Let's review her tragic experience again and tell you what impression she left on you.

2. Students are free to talk about impressions.

3. Summary: Yes, the little girl's fate is really tragic. She froze to death in the street on the eve of the carnival of the rich, but when others celebrated the New Year happily, she left this world quietly and piteously.

Second, read the central sentence and question the understanding of the full text.

1, transition: But at the end of this story, the author said: "No one knows: what beautiful things she saw, how happy she was, and she followed her grandmother to the happiness of the New Year." Reading this, I am deeply touched. Students, when you read this sentence, do you have any doubts or want to know?

2. It is estimated that students will question:

A revolves around "visible, beautiful"

What beautiful things have you seen? Why do you see it? How did you see that?

Around "happiness"

What do you mean by two "happiness"? Is the little girl really "happy"

4. Induction: one of the ways to taste reading: questioning the analysis around the central sentence. (question the central word and question the characteristics. )

(1) Read the text and feel "happy".

1. What wonderful things has she seen? Please scan the second paragraph of the text quickly.

2, students exchange, the teacher writes on the blackboard: big stove, roast goose, Christmas tree, grandma.

3. Play beautiful fantasy animation.

These things are really beautiful for little girls. Let's have a look. Think about how the little girl feels when she sees these beautiful things. What would she do? Think of yourself as her and think of her. (that is, to feel the joys and sorrows of the protagonist. If you are happy for the little girl, you can laugh and scream.

How did our Mr Andersen describe such a beautiful thing? Please read the second paragraph of the text carefully, take out your pens and draw the beautiful scene that the little girl saw after lighting the match five times. Read it emotionally with the feelings and feelings she just experienced to see if there are any new discoveries and sentiments. Then choose the place that interests you the most, the place that you want to study the most, or the place that impresses you the most, and read intently with emotion. When reading, pay attention to those words that you think are important, and read them several times. The reading effect is the best.

5. Students read aloud, communicate and compete.

6. Summary: Taste the second reading method: emotional reading, producing * * * sounds (using imagination and highlighting key words)

(2) Read the text and recognize the reality.

How happy they are to see these beautiful things and the beautiful fantasies of these teachers and girls when they light matches. (Blackboard: Fantasy) No matter how bright and warm the match is, it will go out eventually. The reality is still so cruel, will these beautiful and happy fantasies still exist? (Or: Why do little girls see these visions? Let's take a look at her real life)

1. Students can speak freely.

2. Compare experiences.

(1) Show me three sentences:

A Oh, what happened? She just put her foot out to heat it up, and the match went out and the stove was gone. She sat there with only a burnt matchstick in her hand.

B Then the match went out, and there was only a thick and cold wall in front of her.

C at this time, the match went out again. I saw the candlelight on the Christmas tree rising higher and higher, and finally it became a shining star in the sky. A star fell, drawing a slender red light in the sky.

(2) Read and think about these three sentences, and tell me what you have read.

(3) Transition guidance: Why write stars?

The little girl couldn't help crying when she saw the only grandmother who loved her appear in the light. How is her mood? How to pronounce this sentence?

Practice reading freely

B name reading

C qidu

In order to keep grandma, the little girl lit another match. This time, it is different from her previous four times. Please find out the sentences that the little girl lit a match, read them and compare the differences. What times left a particularly deep impression on you? Tell me again what you learned from it.

Show me this sentence:

A Ah, even a small pair is good for her! Dare she take one out of a match and burn it on the wall to warm her little hand? She finally pulled out one. Pool, the match is lit and the flame is coming out!

She quickly struck a match to keep grandma.

3. Students read sentences, compare and taste.

5. Teacher's summary: Taste the third reading method: repeatedly compare and experience the taste.

(3) Read the text and understand "happiness".

Transition: The little girl didn't want to light matches at first. Later, in order to keep her dear grandmother, she quickly lit a lot of matches, indicating how much she longed for her grandmother's care and happy life. Let's read this sentence affectionately again. (display)

1. Read paragraphs 12 and 3 of the text carefully. Tell me where you read that girls are happy before they die.

2. Summary: I still remember a sentence by Andersen, that life is happy. As long as you have a healthy mind, no kind of bad luck can take away your happiness. The little girl has a strong and handsome mind. She is hardworking and kind, eager for happiness, and knows how to feel happiness. But she was killed by hunger and cold on the eve of the luxury carnival of the rich. For her, even if she leaves this world, it means liberation and happiness. This is really a tragedy.

Third, sublimation and extension.

1, who gave her such a tragic fate?

2. After reading this beautiful and sad story, what would you say to the little girl if she came to us and appeared in front of you? Will you share your happy life with her today?