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Matters needing attention in running-in of new cars
Matters needing attention in running-in of new cars 1 introduction of running-in period of cars
Running-in period generally refers to the process of contact, friction and occlusion of mechanical parts during initial operation. Running-in period refers to the initial driving stage or after overhaul of a new car, which is generally 1 1,000 ~11,500 km. This is the basic mileage to ensure full contact, friction, adaptation and shaping of parts. During this period, the ability of automobile parts to adapt to the environment can be adjusted and improved, and the protrusions on the parts can be worn off. The advantages and disadvantages of running-in will have an important impact on the life, safety and economy of automobiles.
Although the new car has been run-in, the surface of the parts is still rough, and there are some deviations and hidden dangers, which are difficult to find in the process of processing and assembly.
Ten Points for Attention in Running-in of New Cars
① Don't spin too fast.
Compared with civilian vehicles, the maximum speed is generally 6000+, and the speed can be maintained within 4000 rpm during the running-in period.
② Reasonably control the throttle.
The so-called reasonable control is to avoid ups and downs. Gently reduce the working pressure of the engine.
③ Hot train before departure.
Warm up the car 1 minute before departure and avoid stepping on the accelerator for a few minutes after departure, which is not only beneficial to the car during the running-in period, but also takes a long time.
④ Avoid cruising at a constant speed.
Running at different speeds for a certain distance can make all the metal parts in the engine fully expand with heat and contract with cold, thus achieving the best running-in state.
⑤ Change shifts frequently.
Manual gearbox frequently shifts gears, keeping the speed within the good power output range of the engine, which not only avoids overspeed, but also prevents high-grade low-speed speed speed increase.
⑥ Automatic gears should also be shifted.
Manual shifting of automatic gearbox, timely deceleration and manual downshift during long distance can prevent the gearbox from running in the top gear for a long time, so that each gear can be relatively evenly run-in.
⑦ Speed limit
The running-in speed should not be higher than120km/h/h. To put it bluntly, it is necessary to avoid the problem of excessive engine speed.
8 Avoid frequent braking.
Gradually run-in in the brake disc, and achieved good cooperation with the brake disc. Frequent braking may lead to uneven wear of brake pads, resulting in noise and jitter in the future.
Pet-name ruby put an end to overload
Overload will damage the spring and shock absorber, increase the engine load, which is not conducive to engine running-in
Attending don't pull the highway.
Because the chassis has not been fully run-in, it is very dangerous to pull up the speed during the running-in period. In addition, the metal chips in the first tank of engine oil will aggravate internal wear.
How many kilometers is the running-in period of the new car?
The running-in period is 5000 kilometers.
Generally speaking, when it comes to the running-in period of cars, many car owners will only think about the running-in period of engines, but this is not comprehensive. The running-in of a new car has two main purposes: the first is the running-in between the owner and the car, and the second is the running-in between the contact and friction parts of the car.
Generally speaking, in the running-in period, in addition to the running-in of people and cars, it is mainly the running-in of engines, mainly including the running-in of pistons and cylinder liners, and the running-in of connecting rods and bearing shells. The running-in period of the engine needs about 3000 kilometers.
The gearbox is mainly the running-in between gears, and the running-in period is about 5000 kilometers.
In the running-in period, the running-in period between the tire and the ground is the shortest, and the running-in period is about 200-300 kilometers.
Therefore, the running-in period of new cars is generally around 5000 kilometers. If the owner lets his car spend a gentle time in the running-in period of 5000 kilometers, the durability of the owner's car will be extended a lot.
Tips for saving fuel during running-in period of new car
A well-maintained car saves more fuel in daily driving. If there are clogged filters, dirty air filters or dirty spark plugs in the car, the fuel economy will be reduced to some extent.
1. Maintain proper tire pressure.
If the tire pressure is too low, the car will consume more fuel, no matter whether it is too high or too low, it will have a flat tire! Therefore, car owners need to regularly check the tire pressure of their cars, which can not only effectively reduce fuel consumption, but also ensure life safety!
2. Don't pack too many things.
We all know that overweight vehicles will consume more fuel when driving normally. So try to empty the suitcase as much as possible during the running-in period of the new car.
3. Don't drive too hard
Car owners should not stop and step on the accelerator to start, which will increase fuel consumption.
Try to shift it to high gear.
Generally, cars driving in low gear will consume more fuel, so when driving a manual gear, the car will switch to high gear in time after the speed is stable, and drive an automatic gear in time to avoid consuming more fuel!
5. Avoid idling the car for a long time.
Even if the engine is idling, the car will still consume fuel. If it is not necessary, the owner should turn off the engine while waiting, and don't let it idle all the time.
Precautions for running-in of new cars 2 Running-in actually refers to the process of contact, friction and occlusion of mechanical parts during initial operation. In the traditional sense, there are more than N points for attention in automobile running-in, mainly because the traditional manufacturing technology was backward at that time, and many finishing stages were completed by people, including parts with strict accuracy requirements such as engines and gearboxes. Because human's ability to control errors in the machining process is limited, the meshing between the gears in the engine and gearbox will directly lead to non-optimal state, so "running-in" has a great influence on the future use effect and service life of the automobile. Nowadays, the mechanical manufacturing industry has been replaced by fully automatic mechanical manufacturing methods. The engine, gearbox, chassis and other important parts of the car are all completed by "mechanical automation", and there is no need for traditional running-in at present.
The running-in of the new car is more like a warm-up exercise before the big game. Not just the running-in of the engine. Every part of the car should cooperate, from gearbox to chassis, from brakes to tires. Everything is new and needs to adapt to each other. Different car owners have different attitudes towards running-in. Some people get the car and drive it carefully, for fear of a little problem, and some car owners are indifferent to the new car. They used to drive their own classic cars, but now they are still "equal." In fact, these two practices are not appropriate. During the running-in period, you still have to drive according to normal driving habits, and there is also a little difference. Let's take a look at what we need to pay attention to during the running-in period.
The new car will be cold-milled before leaving the factory (cold-milled is that the engine is mounted on a special machine tool and driven by a motor, so it is called cold-milled because there is no high temperature generated by fuel combustion). However, in order to keep the mechanical system in the best condition in the future and prolong its service life, it is suggested that you must drive your car carefully in the first 1500-2000 km. Before 100 km, the braking effect of the new friction brake pad has not reached 100%, so the braking should be advanced, especially in the first 300 km, the tire friction is not enough, and the braking force should be greater than usual.
In the first 500 kilometers, the new tires have not reached the best adhesion, so try to avoid emergency braking when turning quickly. Otherwise, it will not only cause heavy losses to the brake system in running-in, but also increase the impact load of the chassis on the engine.
During the initial period of 1500 km, you should keep the habit of driving gently, control the speed below 3000 rpm, and basically control the corresponding speed between 80 km/h and100 km/h.
At the front 1500-3000 km stage, after the vehicle is started, when the water temperature reaches the working temperature (the water temperature pointer reaches half of the scale), it can gradually increase to the highest speed or engine speed.
Different brands of cars have different kilometers for the first maintenance, generally 3000-5000 kilometers is the first routine maintenance. After maintenance, the coordination between the moving parts in the car is basically stable, and the car can play its best performance. Try to maintain it before the first warranty period comes, and it is best not to make mistakes.
Observe the state of the vehicle at any time during the running-in process.
Before the vehicle leaves the factory and before the 4S shop picks it up, a series of comprehensive and detailed inspections will be carried out on the new car. At the same time, when we pick up the car, we will carry out various inspections on the vehicle (please pay attention to an article on matters needing attention and vehicle inspection later). It is also necessary to observe the state of the vehicle at any time during the running-in period.
Avoid full load during the running-in period.
During the running-in period, the bearing capacity of the vehicle shall not exceed 75%~80% of the rated load. When loading a new car, it should be less than the specified load or number of people, and it should not be overloaded, because overloading will increase the burden of the engine, transmission, transmission system, suspension system and other components, increase wear and tear, and cause damage to the vehicle.
Lubricating oil replacement during running-in.
Myth: Use high quality lubricating oil.
Positive solution: it varies from car to car, and the original engine oil will do.
Many car owners can't wait to change the oil before the first warranty period. Many people think that the quality and viscosity of engine oil provided by the original factory are not the best. In fact, this idea is not necessarily correct. Now the processing accuracy of vehicles is very high, and it will not be the same as it was decades ago, and there will not be too many impurities in running-in. So there is no need to change the oil in advance. Moreover, some automobile manufacturers will add some additives to the engine oil of new cars to slow down the engine wear, so the engine oil in the running-in period of the original car is not necessarily worse than the various synthetic engine oil oils they bought, but some may have better protection effect.
Reasonable addition and use of oil
Misunderstanding: adding high-grade oil; Don't go to refuel until the fuel gauge light is on.
Positive solution: refuel according to the instructions; Avoid the lights.
The fuel label should be selected according to the requirements of the automobile manual and the compression ratio of the engine, which should match the compression ratio of the engine. Try not to wait for the oil lamp to come on before refueling. Because the oil pump is located in the oil tank, the temperature of the oil pump is high when it works continuously, and it can be effectively cooled by soaking in fuel. When the oil lamp is on, it means that the oil level is lower than that of the oil pump. If you have to wait for the light to turn on every time you refuel, the service life of the oil pump will be shortened, and the oil pump may be burned out if the oil quantity is too small or the fuel is exhausted.
Usually, 90 # gasoline can be used when the compression ratio is lower than 7.5, and 90 # or 93 # gasoline should be used when the compression ratio is 7.5 ~ 8.0. When the compression ratio is 8.0 ~ 10.0, 93 or 95 gasoline should be selected; If the compression ratio is above 10.0, 97 # gasoline should be selected. Specific to each car, but also take into account some actual conditions, the manual is the most accurate.
Too long preheating time is harmful to vehicles.
Myth: After the car is parked, the water temperature is normal before driving away.
Positive solution: you can drive when the speed is stable.
After landing, most people are used to idling the engine and driving away after the water temperature reaches normal temperature. In fact, this preheating method is very wrong. If the EFI engine is warmed up for a long time, it is not only unnecessary, but also harmful. Shortening preheating time can prolong the service life of three-way catalyst, improve the conversion rate of pollutants in exhaust gas and save fuel.
"Pulling high speed" is actually pulling high speed.
Myth: Driving fast = driving fast.
Positive solution: the speed of the gear is maintained in a certain high range.
Many friends know that the new car will be pulled up after the running-in period. I often hear friends around me ask, "Can you find a highway with fewer cameras nearby? I'm going to pull the cart! " I am puzzled to hear these words. Is it really necessary to run fast? ! The real meaning of raising the speed is to raise the speed of the engine. Keep the speed of each gear in the range of 3000-4000, and keep each gear for a period of time, so that the piston and gear can work at high speed as much as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of pulling up the speed.
Editor's summary: the combination of novice and new car is what we often see when driving on the road. In fact, some correct driving and car habits in the running-in stage of vehicles are all for better service of vehicles in the future. Many friends sometimes complain that their cars have too much meat to drive and the fuel consumption is too high. We don't deny that there are some differences between cars and cars themselves, but the habit of using cars during the running-in period will also have a certain effect on the performance of vehicles. Giving and receiving are in direct proportion. It's not good to be too nervous or not serious about car ownership. Cars are tools for serving people. It is enough to use it reasonably and keep it properly. It is too tiring to complicate simple things, and simplifying complex things is also a contribution. Keeping a good driving attitude and mastering some car skills can make the running-in period easier, which is nothing!
How to drive a new car during the running-in period?
Wechat backstage receives many questions every day, and most of them are answered by the editorial department in the background for the first time. But to be honest, some responses are not that detailed. This is obviously not good, then some "typical problems" will be extracted for detailed interpretation, which can be regarded as a little welfare of the editorial department.
Q: I just bought a new car. Can the new car drive at high speed during the running-in period? What should I pay attention to?
1. Does the new car need running-in?
The so-called running-in means that many years ago, the manufacturing technology of engine parts was relatively low, and the parts had to be run-in to be closely joined. Now the technology of making cars is much higher. In most new car manuals, it only says avoid violent driving. Now the running-in of new cars is relatively less strict, but it is not completely unnecessary. Here are some precautions for everyone.
2. How long is the running-in period?
There is no absolute definition of running-in period. Some people say 1000 km, others say 2000 km. You can refer to the instruction manual. Personally, it is the running-in period before the first insurance, and the first box of engine oil metal chips will be relatively more. At this time, if you open it suddenly, it will cause greater wear and tear to the engine.
3. Can you run at high speed during the running-in period?
You can run at high speed, and now the car is not so exquisite. But if the speed is too high, the load of the engine will be higher. Generally, it is enough to control the car speed within100 km/h/h. ..
4. What is the maximum running-in speed?
Generally speaking, the running-in period should not exceed 2/3 of the maximum engine speed. At present, the maximum speed of most civilian vehicles is around 6000 rpm, and it is best not to exceed 4000 rpm.
5. How to pull the high speed after running in?
The purpose of increasing speed is to increase the engine speed, not the vehicle speed. Therefore, there is no need to run to a speed above 120km/h at the risk of speeding in order to pull up the expressway. Some people even drive to the highest speed in order to pull up the highway, which is illegal and dangerous. In fact, manual gear or automatic gear with manual mode can increase the speed by manual downshifting, and automatic gear without manual mode can use S gear or L3 gear, but don't pull the speed above 4000 rpm.
6. What should I pay attention to during the running-in period?
In addition to the running-in of the engine, other components also need running-in. For example, when braking, the new car avoids emergency braking, and the new brake disc may wear unevenly after emergency braking, resulting in braking jitter and abnormal sound.
Another thing that needs running-in is the gearbox. To avoid using high-end high-speed cruise for a long time, you can appropriately reduce the speed and downshift the gearbox every once in a while.
Avoid short-distance driving. If it is frequent short-distance driving (each trip is less than 10km), it is very likely that the temperature in all areas of the engine will be uniform before reaching the destination, because the engine is mainly made of metal, and uneven temperature will easily lead to uneven expansion of all parts of the engine, resulting in uneven wear.
How to wax, seal and coat the new car?
Many car fans are very fond of their new cars, and often encounter "Does the new car need glazing?" "Do you need a coating?" Such a problem, however, as the "old three" of automobile paint maintenance, what is the difference between waxing, sealing glaze and coating? What are the advantages and disadvantages? Today we will talk about this topic.
What is the function of car waxing?
Car waxing is a traditional project of car beauty. Its functions are: waterproof, anti-acid rain, high temperature resistance and anti-ultraviolet. At the same time, the film formed by waxing can reflect some light, effectively avoiding the aging of car paint. In addition, car wax can also prevent static electricity. Without static electricity, cars will absorb less dust, and car wax can also play a role in polishing, making cars look newer and better.
What is the function of automobile sealing glaze?
Glaze sealing is to use the high-speed vibration and friction of vibration polishing machine, and use the unique permeability and adhesion of glaze to penetrate glaze molecules into the gap between automobile surface and paint with soft wool or sponge. The body paint after glaze sealing can reach or even exceed the paint effect of the original car, making the old car newer and the new car brighter. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, sealing, oxidation resistance, gloss enhancement, water washing resistance and corrosion resistance. Generally speaking, it can play the role of oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance.
What is the function of automobile painting?
Paint coating technology is the latest generation of automobile paint protection technology in the world. The real automobile coating should be inorganic coating, that is, crystal glass coating that will never be oxidized. Only inorganic coating is the coating covering the automobile surface, which will not be oxidized by external factors such as ultraviolet rays and acid rain and disappear. The coating has certain hardness, which can reduce some small scratches.
What are their advantages and disadvantages?
The whole car needs to polish the sealing glaze and coating, which will cause some damage to the surface of the car paint and make the thickness of the car paint thinner. It is worth mentioning that normal car paint can only be polished about 6- 10 times. Even qualified beauty products will still be more or less corrosive, which will accelerate the aging of the paint surface and damage the paint surface. In addition, glaze sealing and coating generally need to go to the garage outside.
Waxing is the most traditional, simple and convenient way to maintain car paint, and there is no risk of damaging car paint. The only drawback is that you can't use it for too long, but you can wax your car at any time, even if you wax it outside once, it won't be too expensive. Personally, I think waxing will better protect your car.
How to buy a new car in the new year?
Now more and more people buy new cars, but few people know about the maintenance of new cars. Many people think that the manufacturing accuracy of the car factory is already very high, and there will be a running-in test before the new car factory, so there is no need for a new car to run in. I want to say that this idea is very wrong. It is a low-load running-in for the new car that has just left the factory, and the load situation is far less complicated than the actual situation. At the same time, people and cars also need to be familiar with each other, and the running-in period just helps you to be familiar with vehicles and achieve the realm of integration of people and cars.
What is the running-in period? Before the automobile is assembled, each moving part is processed separately, and there is geometric deviation on the surface of the part, that is, adding a precision will not fully meet the design requirements, and there must be some tolerance. Therefore, after assembly, some moving parts will contact directly locally, and it is difficult for lubricating oil to rub the surface, leading to early wear. The running-in period is to wear off this direct contact part within a certain period of time, which is called the running-in period. The running-in period of a new car is generally 1000-3000 km.
Running-in period is not just running-in period engine.
When it comes to the running-in period of cars, many people think of the running-in period of engines, which is not comprehensive. There are two key purposes of running-in of new cars: one is to realize running-in of people and vehicles, and the other is to run-in of all contact and friction parts of vehicles. I can say that people and cars run in for three days and three nights, so I won't go into details here. If you want, I can write an article about it sometime. The mechanical running-in of vehicles mainly follows two main lines, one is the power line (engine): the power and lubrication system and the transmission system. Follow-up steering system and so on. The other main line is the braking system: the smooth contact between brake oil circuit, brake disc and brake disc.
Six taboos in running-in period
1. Avoid emergency braking: Emergency braking will not only impact the braking system during running-in, but also increase the impact load of the chassis and engine. It is best not to brake suddenly within 300 kilometers of driving for the first time.
2. Avoid overloading: If the new car runs at full load during the running-in period, it will cause parts damage. Therefore, in the former 1000 km, the general load should not exceed 75%-80% of the rated load.
3. Avoid running long distances: When a new car runs long distances during the running-in period, the continuous working hours of the engine will increase, which will easily lead to parts wear.
4. Avoid high-speed driving: there is a speed limit during the running-in period of new cars, which should generally be controlled within 65,438+000 km/h. When the throttle is fully open, the speed should not exceed 80% of the top speed. Pay attention to the engine tachometer and speedometer during driving to ensure medium-speed operation. Generally speaking, the running-in engine speed should be 2000-4000 rpm.
5. Don't change the oil prematurely: the initial oil for automobiles is a special lubricating oil during the running-in period, which requires low viscosity, good heat dissipation, excellent detergency and oxidation resistance. Some automobile manufacturers will also add abrasives that are conducive to running-in, so the oil in the running-in period only needs to be changed at the time specified by the manufacturer, and it cannot be changed too early.
6, avoid starting a car that is not hot: the new car must be warmed up before starting. The so-called preheating is actually to give the engine a sufficient lubrication time, especially for turbocharged models, which must be preheated before starting and the lubrication time should be at least one minute.
Pay attention to the five taboos of "symptoms" in the running-in period of new cars.
Nowadays, more and more people buy new cars. It is necessary to remind riders that the problems that should be paid attention to during the running-in period of new cars should not be ignored, because this will affect the fuel consumption and service life of cars in the future.
1. Avoid emergency braking.
Emergency braking not only impacts the running-in braking system, but also increases the impact load of the chassis and engine. It is best not to brake suddenly within the first 300 kilometers.
Step 2 avoid overloading
If the new car runs at full capacity during the running-in period, the parts will be damaged. Therefore, in the former 1000 km, the general load should not exceed 75%-80% of the rated load.
Step 3 avoid long-distance running
When a new car runs a long distance during the running-in period, the continuous working time of the engine will increase, which is easy to cause parts wear.
Step 4 avoid driving at high speed
There is a speed limit during the running-in period of new cars. The speed of domestic cars is generally 40-70 km/h, and that of imported cars is generally within 100 km. When the throttle valve is fully open, the vehicle speed cannot exceed 80% of the maximum vehicle speed.
5. Avoid changing the oil prematurely.
Automobile initial loading oil is a special lubricating oil for running-in period, which requires low viscosity, good heat dissipation, excellent detergency and oxidation resistance. Some car factories will also add abrasives that are conducive to running-in. Therefore, you only need to change the oil during the running-in period according to the time specified by the manufacturer, and don't change it too early.
Why do you want to run in?
A car is a mechanical product, in which many mechanical parts work together. Due to the limitation of machining accuracy, the mutual cooperation between them has not reached a very smooth state. A new car that has just left the factory, or a car that has just been overhauled, needs running-in.
Running-in is to make the occlusal surface smoother and cooperate more closely through the mutual friction between the occlusal parts of each part. After better running-in, the overall condition of the vehicle will be higher, such as stronger power, more fuel saving, less noise and more flexible control.
Automobile running-in includes not only engine running-in, but also gearbox running-in and brake running-in. Automobile running-in is the general name of running-in of these main components.
How to run in?
Since running-in is "grinding" between mechanical parts, so as to make the surface of parts with machining traces more delicate, so as to achieve the purpose of smoother cooperation, it is necessary to make the mechanical movement as light as possible and grind all occlusal parts. Specifically, it should be noted that:
1. Start smoothly and accelerate slowly.
Move gently and start smoothly. After the engine is ignited, the engine should be fully warmed up, and then it should be started slowly, so as to avoid sudden acceleration, sudden braking, high-speed cornering and other intense driving phenomena. Start at a low speed and accelerate slowly. It is advisable to change to a higher gear after driving 1 km.
2. Don't let the engine speed be too high.
General automobile manufacturers will mark the maximum running speed during the running-in period, and the maximum speed limit during the running-in period shall not exceed 2/3 of the maximum speed of the automobile. But this method is not accurate, because sometimes the engine speed is too high due to improper gear control, although the speed is not over limit, so it is better to measure the engine speed more scientifically.
Generally, the maximum speed of a gasoline engine in the running-in period should not exceed 2000 rpm, while the maximum speed of a diesel engine should be 1000- 1500 rpm. If the speed is too high, the engine load will increase, which will do great damage to the engine.
3. Don't keep a gear for a long time.
Shift gears in time when driving, so that each gear can run in under various road conditions. Vehicles equipped with manual-automatic transmission should be operated in manual and automatic modes.
4. Don't drive with heavy load
During the running-in period, too much load will also damage the car, so the lighter the car, the better. It's best not to pull a few people around at once, and don't load heavy objects.
5. Don't drive too long.
When a new car starts to run in, it usually stops for a few hours to let the car have a rest. Don't let the car run all day, or even run long distances.
6. Try to avoid emergency braking.
Emergency braking will not only impact the running-in braking system, but also increase the impact load of the chassis and engine, so don't use emergency braking within the first 300 kilometers. In case of emergency, try to step on the clutch first and then the brake to reduce the impact on the engine.
How long is the running-in period?
The running-in of automobile includes the running-in of engine, gearbox and brake, mainly the running-in of engine. The running-in of the engine takes about 3000 kilometers. The running-in of the gearbox is mainly the running-in between gears, and its running-in time is slightly longer than that of the engine, and it usually needs to travel 5000 kilometers. The running-in time of the brake is about 400 kilometers.
Based on the above factors, the longest running-in period is the gearbox, which takes about 5000 kilometers, so the running-in period of the whole vehicle should be around 5000 kilometers.
Is it possible not to run in?
Now, with the development of automobile industry, some manufacturers suggest that new cars don't need running-in. This is mainly because the engine manufacturing technology has been greatly improved, which includes four aspects:
First, the machining accuracy is greatly improved. In the past, due to the low processing level and insufficient surface smoothness of parts, the knife marks left were very small, and new cars needed running-in cooperation. Now the machining accuracy has been greatly improved, and the parts of the new car have a tacit understanding after leaving the factory, so the manufacturers dare to assert that there is no need to run in.
Second, the level of metallurgical technology has been greatly improved, and the materials of automobile parts have undergone great changes. Such as piston and cylinder, the previous expansion coefficient and hardness are not enough. Now with the development of metallurgical technology and metal technology, the surfaces of these metal parts have been effectively treated, which makes the hardness and expansion coefficient better meet the needs of high speed and high torque. From this perspective, there is no need for long-term running-in.
Third, the overall design level of the engine has been greatly improved.
Fourthly, it is said that some high-end models have been supercooled before leaving the factory.
But whether the new car needs running-in, the most important thing is to look at the vehicle's manual first and see what the manufacturer requires. As long as you follow the requirements of the manufacturer, there will be no big problem.
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