Wood knowledge Common information about wood for furniture.

When many owners buy solid wood furniture, they will buy inferior wood furniture because they don't know much about wood or are not thorough enough. Therefore, today, Bian Xiao will tell you about the wood commonly used in furniture, so that you can fully understand the knowledge of wood.

Wood knowledge non-rigid wood

1, Zike, deciduous tree, the oldest and most common high-grade furniture material in China. Sub-wood is reddish-brown, light and soft. It can be used not only for furniture, but also for carving and printing. This book was also called "Fu Zi" when it was published.

2. There are many kinds of evergreen Chinese fir trees, which are produced from the south slope of Qinling Mountain in the north to Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Fujian in the south. Wood is straight, sapwood is red and yellow, heartwood is purple and brown. It is light and soft, resistant to rot and insect erosion, and has little deformation. Since ancient times, it has been a common material in architecture, shipbuilding and all kinds of furniture, especially in ordinary folk furniture, which has been widely used.

3. Cupressaceae, including Platycladus orientalis, Platycladus orientalis and Arhat cypress. China folk custom divides cypress into two categories: south cypress and north cypress. South cypress is superior to North cypress in texture. Its color is orange, its texture is fine and even, similar to boxwood, and it has a fragrance. It is resistant to cracking and decay, suitable for carving plates, and is a valuable material variety except hardwood.

4. There are many kinds of pine trees, such as Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (Pinus armandii) and Pinus pentaphylla in ancient times. Pine is soft, easy to process and has little deformation, but it is easy to rot. Most high-grade furniture is not used, or it is only used as the tire bone of baked furniture and hardwood furniture.

5. Mu Kai, also known as Pistacia chinensis Bunge, is a deciduous tree of Lacqueraceae, which is produced in Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi and Taiwan Province provinces. Mu Kai sapwood is reddish-brown, heartwood is dark green-brown, with obvious annual rings, firm and tough texture and bright luster, which is a good material for making furniture.

6. There are many kinds of paulownia, including paulownia of Scrophulariaceae, tung tree of Euphorbiaceae, and Platanus acerifolia of Platanus. Its material is light and loose, with good insect resistance, and the heartwood is white, yellow or brown, with little deformation. In ancient times, it was mostly used to make musical instruments, clogs, boxes, cabinets and other furniture.

7. Evergreen trees of Cinnamomum camphora are found in the southeast coast of China, Hunan and Guizhou, especially in Taiwan Province and Fujian. The aroma of wood attacks people, which can avoid pests, but it is easier to burst. Since ancient times, camphor wood has always been an ideal material for making boxes, boxes, cabinets, cabinets, sculptures and other furniture.

8. There are many kinds of Lauraceae plants, among which Yan 'an and Zinan are commonly used in architecture and furniture. The former is an evergreen tree, which is produced in Ya 'an and guanxian, Sichuan. The latter, alias Jin Sinan, is produced in Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and southern Jiangsu. Nanmu is the best kind of cork because of its elegant and symmetrical color, small deformation, easy processing and corrosion resistance. In addition, nanmu is particularly rich in "grapes", with fine patterns and great momentum. Most of the galls used in the prominent parts of Ming furniture are nanmu galls.

9, Toona sinensis (Lianke), deciduous trees, Toona sinensis and Ailanthus altissima are different, and the tender leaves of Toona sinensis are edible. Toona sinensis originated from North China to South China, with reddish wood, straight and fine texture, small deformation and smooth as a mirror. This is a good material for making furniture.

10, boxwood evergreen shrub or small tree with many branches and leaves, produced in central China. The wood is light yellow, and the old one is light green with stripes. Its texture is hard, detailed and shiny. Boxwood grows very slowly. It is said that it only grows one inch every year and shrinks one inch in leap years (believe it or not). It's hard to find big wood. In Ming and Qing dynasties, boxwood and hardwood were used to make curtains, teeth and other components, or as mosaic patterns. Boxwood furniture is rare. "

1 1, birch, there are many kinds of birch, birch and so on, which are produced in Liaoning, Jilin, Hebei, Henan, northwest and other places. Echinacea purpurea wood is light brown, dense, shiny and rough; Jianhua, also known as the pestle tree, is white at first, then reddish brown, shiny, hard and dense. It is the crown of wood in northern China, and is known as "south rosewood, north pestle tree". The birch used for Ming furniture may be birch. Unlike other trees, birch can only be cut off where it scabs. Its wood grain is beautiful and the board is relatively large. Commonly used in the center plate of desk and the door plate of corner cabinet.

12, plank wood or beech wood, _ wood. Cedar elm, a deciduous tree, is called "South Elm" in the north, which is produced in Chinese mainland, Korea and Japan, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Beech wood is slightly thicker, but it is strong, impact-resistant and friction-resistant. Jiangnan carpentry is mostly used to make planers, saw handles and other tools. Beautiful wood grain; The sapwood is reddish brown and the heartwood is ochre. Many Ming and Qing furniture handed down from ancient times are made of beech, and its artistic value and historical value can be compared with other precious hardwood furniture.

Wood knowledge hardwood

1, pterocarpaceae, evergreen sub-trees, compound leaves, iris, samara, produced in India, Malay Peninsula, the Philippines and other places, China Huguang also has it. The material of rosewood is hard and heavy. When it entered the water, it was heavy and had no scars. Heartwood is bloody ochre and fragrant. The Natural History Guide says, "The new one is red, the old one is purple, and there are crab claws. The new one is soaked in water and can be dyed. " China has considered it as one of the most precious woods in the world since ancient times. Since Shang and Zhou Dynasties, rosewood has been used as the material of automobiles, musical instruments, high-grade furniture and other exquisite utensils.

2. In ancient times, pears were mostly written as colorful flowers or palm trees. There are two kinds of huanghuali and huali (also known as fragrant pear in Shanghai dialect). Huanghuali, mainly produced in Hainan Island, is light yellow to purplish red in color, hard in texture, beautiful in pattern, fragrant when sawed and large in material. It was the main material of high-grade furniture in the early Ming Dynasty, and it was rarely used after the middle Qing Dynasty. Among the handed down products of Ming furniture, the number of Huang Huali wood is quite rich. Xinhua Pear is produced in Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong provinces of China. Produced in Yunnan and other places. Quanzhou and Zhangzhou in Fujian are mostly wild and cultivated artificially. In the Qing Dynasty, they were also imported in large quantities from Myanmar and Thailand. Xinhua pear is yellow-red in color, slightly rougher in texture than Huanghua pear, dull in texture, without pleasant fragrance, green in sawdust and slightly toxic in soaking water. There is a significant difference between Xinhua pear and Huanghua pear. They are not the same tree species, but their specific gravity is smaller than rosewood and they float in the water.

3. Tielimu, also known as Tielimu and Tieli, is an evergreen tree, native to East India, and also produced in China, Guangxi, Rongxian and tengxian. The trees are tall and straight, with a diameter of more than ten feet. The wood is hard and durable, and the heartwood is dark red. Because ironwood is relatively easy to get, many large pieces of furniture in Ming and Qing dynasties are made of it. Because the color and texture of iron wood are slightly similar to that of chicken wing wood, it was often used as chicken wing wood by furniture manufacturers before the founding of the People's Republic of China.

4. Redwood The most common precious hardwood in modern times is tropical wood of Dalbergia, which is mostly produced in Southeast Asia. India is the main producing area, with a small amount of production in Guangdong and Yunnan. "Mahogany" is a common name in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and North China, and it is also commonly known as "sour branch" in Guangdong (named after sour gas during processing). Redwood is also divided into old and new. The colors of old mahogany are lemon red, purple red, purple brown and even purple black, with deep purple or black-purple stripes, which are beautiful in shape, bright in color and durable; Aroma, but not as good as Huang Huali; Its material is similar to rosewood, which is very hard and heavy when entering the water, but slightly darker and lighter than rosewood, and its texture is not as delicate as rosewood. This new kind of mahogany is reddish in color and patterned, sometimes resembling Huang Huali, and now it is imported in large quantities. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, traditional hardwoods such as Huang Huali and chicken wing wood became increasingly scarce, so a large number of imported redwoods were used to make high-grade furniture. It is still difficult to know exactly what kinds of redwoods existed from Qing Dynasty to modern times, including domestic and imported ones, and further investigation and study are needed.

5. Ebony ebony is produced in Hainan, Yunnan and other places. Strong, delicate texture, black as ink, light as paint, long-lasting Ebony trees are small, have no wood and produce little, so they are expensive. Because of the characteristics of small ebony, it is usually used as the heart board of the desktop, or as the border around the desktop, in contrast to other different colors of wood, or red and black are very interesting and unique.

6. Beech Beech does not refer to a certain tree species, but refers to the wood at the root or trunk. Wood grain is special here and has always been loved by people. Beech actually refers to the characteristics of wood grain. Beech also writes shadow wood. Produced in Liaodong, Shanxi, Sichuan and other places. Shade trees of different tree species have different patterns, such as:

The patterns of nanmu beech include mountains and rivers, figures, flowers and trees, birds and animals, etc. Birch gall, commonly known as birch bag, is small and thin, small and colorful, beautiful and lovely.

The pattern of rosewood in huali is like mountains and rivers, people, birds and animals. The cypress gall has a thick and large pattern.

Ulmus galls are large and numerous. The maple leaf pattern is twisted and intertwined, which is extraordinary. Beech is generally used as the center of the table. It is conceivable that the exquisite border of the console table, with the natural and interesting beech center, will look chic and novel. Dalbergia wood is scarce. In the furniture handed down from generation to generation, Dalbergia wood is only used as a panel.

7. Ebony ebony is an evergreen sub-tree, which is produced in Hainan, Nanfan, Yunnan and other places. Its leaves are palm-shaped, its green stems are straight, its height is over ten feet, and it is monoecious. Its wooden head is as hard as iron and can be used as a tool. The old man is pure black and bright as paint, and the world knows him as a strange wood. Ebony can be divided into several types, and the wood is also inconsistent, including submerged and non-submerged.