Schematic diagram of electric drive diesel locomotive structure

Brief introduction of diesel locomotive?

Diesel locomotive is a locomotive powered by internal combustion engine and driven by transmission device. According to the types of internal combustion engines used by locomotives, they can be divided into diesel locomotives and gas turbine locomotive. In China, diesel locomotives are generally referred to as diesel locomotives when they are introduced (Figure 4.3_0 1 structure diagram of electric drive diesel locomotives). ?

When the fuel of diesel engine burns in the cylinder, the generated high-pressure and high-temperature gas expands in the cylinder to push the piston to reciprocate, and the reciprocating motion is converted into rotary motion through the crankshaft, so that the heat energy of the fuel is converted into mechanical work. The power generated by the diesel engine is transmitted to the transmission device. Through the control and adjustment of diesel engine and transmission device, the output rotational speed and torque suitable for locomotive operation conditions are sent to each axle gearbox to drive the locomotive to move the wheels, so that the locomotive runs, and the traction around the wheels is transferred to the frame, and the coupler at the end of the frame becomes the traction of the traction rod to drag or push the vehicle. ?

From the working principle of diesel locomotive, it can be seen that the basic structure of diesel locomotive is composed of diesel engine, transmission device, running part of car body, auxiliary device, braking device and control device. ?

Diesel engine is the power device of diesel locomotive, and modern diesel locomotive generally adopts four-stroke high-speed or medium-speed diesel engine. In order to meet the needs of various powers, a series of products with the same cylinder diameter and piston stroke and different cylinder numbers are produced when manufacturing diesel engines. Most of the low magnification are in-line, and the high magnification is generally V-shaped. The so-called in-line type means that the cylinders of diesel engines are arranged vertically, while the V-shaped cylinders are arranged in a V-shape. Various diesel engines have certain models, such as 16V240ZL diesel engine, which means that 16 cylinder is V-shaped, with a cylinder diameter of 240mm, equipped with turbocharger and intercooler. ?

There are two kinds of transmission devices for diesel locomotives: electric transmission and hydraulic transmission, which are quite different in structural principle and operation and maintenance. ?

The running parts of diesel locomotives are in the form of frame bogies. Bogies mainly bear the weight of the upper part of the locomotive, transmit traction and braking force, reduce and absorb various shocks and vibrations from the line, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the locomotive. ?

The function of auxiliary device is to ensure the normal and reliable operation of diesel engine, transmission device and running gear. Mainly includes: fuel system, cooling system, oil system, air filter, compressed air system, auxiliary electrical equipment, etc. ?

The braking equipment includes a set of air brakes and hand brakes. Electric drive locomotive is equipped with resistance braking device, and hydraulic drive locomotive is equipped with hydraulic braking device. ?

Control equipment mainly includes locomotive speed controller, reversing controller, automatic control valve and auxiliary brake valve. In order to ensure safety, it is also equipped with locomotive signals and automatic parking devices. ?

Diesel locomotive has obvious advantages such as high locomotive efficiency, short locomotive servicing time, long continuous working time and low water consumption, and is suitable for water-deficient areas. The initial investment is less than that of electric locomotive, and the working conditions of locomotive attendants are good, which is also convenient for multi-machine traction. But the biggest disadvantage of diesel locomotive is that it pollutes the atmosphere and environment. ?