New York subway history

The Historical Development of new york Subway1904101On October 27th, George mcclelland, then mayor of new york, started his maiden trip to new york subway with a joystick, and completed the city's first subway with a total length of 9. 1 mile and passing through 28 stations in 26 minutes.

1953 puts forward a working mode of transportation system to replace the short-distance bus between Times Square and Central Station, but it has not been realized in the end.

1994, new york mrt introduced a new ticket system-metrocard instead of tokens, 1997 added free transfer within 2 hours.

In 2002, 4.5 million passengers went to work by subway every working day.

Tokens went into history in 2003. In the same year, the transportation department raised the basic ticket price to 2 yuan dollars, which triggered a lot of * * *.

In 2005, the monthly ticket price rose and the basic fare remained unchanged. The planned second avenue line of new york Metro includes the plan to modify the IRT line.

After the London underground explosion in 2005, the new york City Police Department began to randomly check passengers' luggage in the new york underground, which also triggered a controversy of racial discrimination.

In 20 14, the total passenger traffic of new york subway exceeded 65.438+0.75 billion, with an average daily passenger traffic of about 5.6 million on weekdays, 3.2 million on Saturdays and 2.7 million on Sundays. Passenger traffic continues to rise. 20 14 On September 23rd, more than 665,438+million people used the new york subway system, breaking the record of the highest passenger flow in a single day since 1985.

What is the development history of the subway? London Underground has a long history and is the first subway system in the world.

Except for some lines, the train runs in narrow pipes, and the carriages are narrower and shorter than the standard railway carriages. Many station platforms and passages are arched, like pipes, called Tube.

Some older subway stations are poorly equipped and dimly lit, and some walls and ceilings are peeling off. Apart from being narrow, London underground cars have no air conditioning.

The main ventilation of the carriage comes from the door window of the passage between trucks or the small window of the window next to the truck. London underground is unstable and noisy.

The passage between the car and the truck is bare, but it is protected by the door, and there are notices on the door, so it is not allowed to be used while driving. If you imagine that there are a large number of passengers standing between trains in Hong Kong, it is impossible in London.

Another feature of the London underground (or other railways) is that its doors have switch buttons. If you don't press the open button, the door may not open. Of course, the London Underground also has its advantages.

London's subway network extends in all directions, and there are plenty of station instructions and car broadcasts. Generally, you don't have to be afraid of getting lost when you use the subway to reach your destination. The traffic in Paris is the highest in the world.

The subway in Paris has a long history and unique style, like a deep underground museum. Since the opening of the first line at 1900, there have been 14 subway lines and five suburban express lines (RER A, B, C, D and E lines) crossing the Paris region, with a total of nearly 300 platforms, covering Paris and surrounding cities like a dense network. The subway is the most convenient means of transportation in Paris. You can go anywhere in Paris by subway, which is simple and convenient.

New york Metro new york Metro is not as early as those in Paris and London, but it is the largest urban underground railway in the contemporary era: it is 722 miles long and carries 4.5 million passengers every day. New york Metro started construction at 1900, and each line is 55 feet wide and 15 feet deep.

At that time, two private companies were Interborough Express Transportation Company of IRT and Brooklyn-Manhattan Transportation Company of BMT. 1953, subway fare 15.

1966, the subway is big. From 1968, New York State began to take over the subway, from 1982, the author of Metropolitan Transportation? Control the subway system.

Beijing Subway History 1 969101October1day, the first subway in China was completed and opened to traffic. Many people who have been to Beijing, the capital, know that there is a road built just a few tens of meters underground in Beijing, and that is the Beijing subway.

In a tunnel extending in all directions, trams go at full speed, which is the first urban underground railway designed, built and managed by New China.

Characteristics of new york Metro Line new york Metro is an urban rail transit system in new york, USA. It belongs to new york, new york Transportation Authority (NYCTA) and Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). New york Metro is one of the oldest urban rail transit systems in the world and a member of the International Metro Union (CoMET). New york Metro provides 24-hour service all year round.

In terms of the number of stations, new york Metro is the largest urban rail transit system in the world, and there are 468 stations that have been put into use (this data will be repeated for transfer stations, and if it is not repeated, it will be 42 1). The station covers Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens and Bronx in new york. In addition, the Staten Island Railway on Staten Island is not officially recognized as a part of the new york subway system, and there are no rails connected with the new york subway system. Passengers who want to go to other parts of new york City must take Staten Island ferry or bus. In addition, new york Metro's electronic toll collection system, MetroCard, can be used by the New Zealand Airport Authority in Manhattan. The system passes through the Port Authority's Trans-Hudson (PATH) railway system and the Kennedy International Airport Express (AirTrain JFK) railway in Queens, but these two railway systems do not belong to the new york Metro system and do not accept free transfer.

New york Metro is also one of the longest urban rail transit systems in the world. System * * * has 373 km (232 miles) of train service lines for 1 056 km (656 miles) of operating track. If other non-operational tracks are added, the total length is 1, 355 kilometers (842 miles).

In terms of annual passenger flow, new york subway system is the busiest urban rail transit system in the United States and the United States, and the seventh busiest urban rail transit system in the world, ranking behind Beijing subway, Tokyo subway, Shanghai subway, Moscow subway, Korean Capital Circle subway and Guangzhou subway.

Except for new york Metro Line G, new york Metro Franklin Avenue Connection Line and new york Metro Rockway Park Connection Line, all train services of new york Metro pass through Manhattan. Outside Manhattan, new york subway system mostly consists of elevated section, dam section and ground section. Although it is called "subway", about 40% of the tracks of new york subway system are not underground. There are express trains and slow trains on some routes of new york subway system, usually with three or four tracks. Usually, the tracks on both sides are used by the local train, and the track in the middle is used by the express train. The express train only stops at the main interchange station and the main station.

New york Metro Safety Incident 2065438+On the morning of May 2, 2004, a subway train carrying about 1000 passengers in new york was seriously derailed, causing 19 people to be injured, including 4 seriously injured, and thousands of passengers on board were evacuated urgently. The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) said that at about 10:30 on the morning of the 2nd, a train on new york Metro Line F derailed underground for Manhattan and Brooklyn. This subway train carries about 65,438+0,000 passengers. When the train went to the south side of the 65th Street subway station in Queens, new york, it suddenly derailed. This train has eight carriages, six of which have been derailed, and the carriages before and after the train are still on the track. New york subway system has a long history of 1 10 years. It is also one of the busiest public rail transit in the world. As of May 2, when the accident happened, about 5.5 million people traveled by subway every working day in new york.

On May 4, 20 14, investigators said that the cause of the derailment accident was not clear, but officials said that the train drivers would be tested for drugs and alcohol. It is also speculated that the derailment of the train may be caused by the mechanical failure of the subway track or train. Records show that this subway track has been used for less than 30 years.

On the same day, Tom Prendergast, chairman and CEO of new york Metropolitan Transportation Department, promised to conduct a "thorough and comprehensive investigation" into the cause of the train derailment accident. There is no indication that the derailment on that day was related to terrorist attacks, but new york police are obviously on high alert. In the afternoon, at the subway terminal in Queens, new york, two policemen with live ammunition were on duty, and a staff member of the transportation department stood at the entrance of the subway with a huge backpack and a fluorescent vest.

A brief introduction to the history of new york ◎ Early history In the pre-colonial period, Algonquin tribe lived in the area where new york is now located.

Lenape is one of them. They live on Staten Island, West Long Island (including Brooklyn and Queens), Manhattan and the Lower Hudson River Valley (including the Bronx). ◎ After the discovery of new york (1492-1609)1492 Columbus and the discovery of America, European colonists flocked to establish colonial trading posts, and a free port gradually formed here, which was the predecessor of new york.

[8] 1524, Italian Giovanni David razzano came to Hekou area and became the first recorded European to visit new york. [8] David razzano was a French explorer from Florence.

He entered today's new york port on the Crown Princess, declared it French-owned, and named it Xin 'ang Gulaim. 1602, the Netherlands sent Henry Hudson to North America to find a new paradise. 1609 arrived in new york Bay and went north along the river. The following year, Hudson returned to Holland with native products and fur from North America. Many Dutch businessmen took a keen interest in this resource-rich land and settled down here. The Dutch were named "New Netherlands".

[1] Later, the famous Hudson River was named after him. When Manhattan was born (A.D. 1624-A.D. 1626) 1624, the Dutch set up a fur trading post on Governor's Island, and the Europeans began their formal permanent residence in New Holland.

1625, Amherst started construction on Manhattan Island, which was later called "New Amsterdam". 1626, Peter Minut, the Dutch colonial governor, bought Manhattan Island from the local Lenape people for 60 guilders (about 1000 US dollars in 2006).

A trading post was established, and this place was named "New Amsterdam" after Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands. The Dutch established their homes and took root here, with about 300 residents. [8] Born in new york (1651-1770). 165 1 year, the anglo-Dutch war broke out, the aboriginal civil war, and the diseases brought by the European colonist New Amsterdam made the number of Lenape people reach 168 in lower Manhattan today.

1664, the British fleet arrived here, and the Dutch knew that they were unable to confront it. Peter Stern Beasant, the new Dutch governor, surrendered and handed over the new Amsterdam. King charles ii of England gave this place to his younger brother, so the king's younger brother moved his territory from Yorkshire, England to New Amsterdam and changed the place name to "new york", that is, "new york". Its name comes from Yorkshire, England, and the word "new" is added in front of it to show the difference. Later, the Chinese transliteration of "new york" got its name.

Trade Holland for Lund Island in Indonesia. [8] Britain acquired the territory of "New Amsterdam" and named it "new york", which became a British colony.

/kloc-In the second half of the 7th century, new york became a commercial center with an increasing population. Rich export of agricultural products and import of industrial products have promoted the development of local economy. Without labor, by 1770, the number of Lenape people had dropped to 200. [8] new york became the base camp of the slave market, and human trafficking was quite popular, but it also planted the seeds of anti-slavery in the United States in the future.

[1] ◎ Declaration of Independence (1773- 1775) The new immigrants who moved here from Britain established a new system different from that in Britain. Growing Island fought against Long Island and established colonies in thirteen North American states. Originally they thought they could live and work here, but because of the financial difficulties in Britain, their dreams were shattered and the colonial people were taught a lesson. 1773, the "tea incident" became the fuse of the war of independence, and the colonial people launched this war with the slogan "give me liberty or give me death".

1776 On July 4th, Thomas Jefferson held a continental congress in Philadelphia and issued the Declaration of Independence. New york has also become a decisive battle place for British and American troops. Unable to resist the strong attack of the British, new york fell into the hands of the British again, and the United States turned to the French for help. 178110/October17, the United States and France won the final victory, and new york returned to the arms of the US military.

[1] ◎ War of Independence (A.D. 1776- 1783) The battle of Long Island, the largest battle in the American War of Independence, was held in today's Brooklyn on August 1776. The defeat of the United States in this war reduced the military conflict in new york, and the city became the military and political center of Britain in North America.

At this time, new york became a refuge for royalists and fugitive slaves (Britain promised them freedom to join its own side), and at least 654.38+00000 fugitive slaves flooded into the city when Britain occupied new york. On September 1776, 1 1, representatives of Britain and the United States met in Staten Island, which was the only time that both sides tried to resolve the conflict peacefully in wartime.

American representatives include Benjamin Franklin, and British representatives include Lord Howe. Shortly after the British occupation of new york, a fire broke out in new york, and nearly a quarter of the urban buildings were destroyed.

1at the end of 776, the United States of America became independent. 178 1 year, Britain and the United States signed the Paris Peace Treaty, and Britain recognized American independence and allocated the land east of the Mississippi River to the United States. [1] 1783 On the day of evacuation, Britain withdrew from new york (new york was also the last British port to evacuate) and settled 3,000 freed slaves in Nova Scotia.

Other free slaves went to England and the Caribbean. ◎ The status rose sharply (1785—1790). 1785, the Confederate Conference designated new york as the capital of the United States.

New york is the last American capital under the U.S. Constitution18th century new york and18th century new york. 1789, the first president of the United States, George Washington, was sworn in at the Federal Hall.

In the same place, the first Congress of the United States and the Supreme Court were convened, and the American Bill of Rights was drafted. 1790, new york surpassed Philadelphia to become the largest city in the United States.

Abolition of Slavery Act (1799— 1840) According to the Law on the Abolition of Slavery promulgated by New York State (1799), the children of slave mothers will be born as indentured laborers and will not be free until they are 25 years old. Those who were liberated and those who escaped after the war of independence.

What is the development history of the underground railway? History of subway development in Europe and America Author: Anonymous reading: 327 Time: 2006-3- 12 Entry: Jingxiang Editor: Jingxiang London subway has a long history and is the first subway system in the world.

Except for some lines, the train runs in narrow pipes, and the carriages are narrower and shorter than the standard railway carriages. Many station platforms and passages are arched, like pipes, called Tube.

Some older subway stations are poorly equipped and dimly lit, and some walls and ceilings are peeling off. Apart from being narrow, London underground cars have no air conditioning.

The main ventilation of the carriage comes from the door window of the passage between trucks or the small window of the window next to the truck. London underground is unstable and noisy.

The passage between the car and the truck is bare, but it is protected by the door, and there are notices on the door, so it is not allowed to be used while driving. If you imagine that there are a large number of passengers standing between trains in Hong Kong, it is impossible in London.

Another feature of the London underground (or other railways) is that its doors have switch buttons. If you don't press the open button, the door may not open. Of course, the London Underground also has its advantages.

London's subway network extends in all directions, and there are plenty of station instructions and car broadcasts. Generally, you don't have to be afraid of getting lost when you use the subway to reach your destination. The traffic in Paris is the highest in the world.

The subway in Paris has a long history and unique style, like a deep underground museum. Since the opening of the first line at 1900, there have been 14 subway lines and five suburban express lines (RER A, B, C, D and E lines) crossing the Paris region, with a total of nearly 300 platforms, covering Paris and surrounding cities like a dense network. The subway is the most convenient means of transportation in Paris. You can go anywhere in Paris by subway, which is simple and convenient.

New york Metro new york Metro is not as early as those in Paris and London, but it is the largest urban underground railway in the contemporary era: it is 722 miles long and carries 4.5 million passengers every day. New york Metro started construction at 1900, and each line is 55 feet wide and 15 feet deep.

At that time, two private companies were Interborough Express Transportation Company of IRT and Brooklyn-Manhattan Transportation Company of BMT. 1953, subway fare 15.

1966, the subway is big. From 1968, New York State began to take over the subway, from 1982, the author of Metropolitan Transportation? Control the subway system.

Beijing Subway History 1 969101October1day, the first subway in China was completed and opened to traffic. Many people who have been to Beijing, the capital, know that there is a road built just a few tens of meters underground in Beijing, and that is the Beijing subway.

In a tunnel extending in all directions, trams go at full speed, which is the first urban underground railway designed, built and managed by New China. The determination to build the Beijing subway actually originated in the 1950s.

1965, Chairman Mao submitted the construction report. Chairman Chen, former political commissar of the 12th Division of the Railway Corps, made important instructions in his report, demanding careful design and construction.

In the process of construction, there will be many mistakes and failures, please pay attention to correct them at any time. The transportation capacity of the subway is very large. A subway, such as Beijing subway, has a one-way operation capacity of 24,000 to 25,000 people per hour during peak hours.

This subway can cover the transportation capacity of more than a dozen bus lines on the ground. Following the completion of the Beijing Subway, China has built subways in Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangzhou.

The subway urban rail transit system is defined as the following five conditions: the mass transit system must be located in the city, driven by electricity, and most of it must be independent of other transportation systems (such as roads and railways), and the train running frequency must be frequent. Most urban rail transit systems will be laid in underground tunnels in the central part of the city. These systems can also be called underground railways, or simply subways.

In Taiwan Province Province, it is called "Mass Rapid Transit System" (MRT). In Chinese mainland, the urban rail transit system built on the ground or viaduct is usually called "light rail".

But in the professional field, the difference between "light rail" and "subway" lies in the difference in traffic volume. "Light rail" refers to the urban rail transit system with one-way traffic volume less than 20,000 people/hour, and "subway" refers to the urban rail transit system with one-way traffic volume more than 20,000 people/hour. Trams are usually not included in the urban rail transit system because they share the road with other means of transportation.

However, with the development of modern public transportation technology, more and more cities adopt the mixed mode of tram and light rail, and set up separate tracks in places with loose venues, use public roads and sidewalks in places with tight venues, and flexibly set up stations according to specific conditions. The boundary between the two is becoming increasingly blurred. Most urban rail transit systems are used to transport commuters in cities, and in many cases, urban rail transit systems will be regarded as the backbone of urban transportation.

Chicago in the United States once had an underground railway to carry goods; London, England also has an underground railway dedicated to the delivery of mail. However, the two railways were suspended in 1959 and 2003 respectively.

In wartime (such as World War II), the underground railway will also be used as a factory or a bomb shelter. Many countries (such as South Korea) consider the possibility of war when designing subway systems, so the depth of the railway and crowd control take into account the needs of daily traffic and national defense.

In addition, the urban rail transit system is also used as an indicator to show the superiority of the country in economy, society and technology. For example, the underground railway system in the former Soviet Union is famous for its splendid station decoration, and the underground railway system in Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, is also richly decorated.

Building an underground subway tunnel is not an easy task, it needs a lot of money and time, and it will take at least a few years to complete. The simplest and most direct method of open-cut backfill is open-cut backfill (open-cut backfill).

This method is generally to dig a big pit in the street and then build a tunnel structure below. Only when the tunnel has enough support can the pavement be resurfaced. In addition to the roads being dug, other underground structures, such as electric wires,

A brief introduction to the history of new york ◎ Early history In the pre-colonial period, Algonquin tribe lived in the area where new york is now located.

Lenape is one of them. They live on Staten Island, West Long Island (including Brooklyn and Queens), Manhattan and the Lower Hudson River Valley (including the Bronx). ◎ After the discovery of new york (1492-1609)1492 Columbus and the discovery of America, European colonists flocked to establish colonial trading posts, and a free port gradually formed here, which was the predecessor of new york.

[8] 1524, Italian Giovanni David razzano came to Hekou area and became the first recorded European to visit new york. [8] David razzano was a French explorer from Florence.

He entered today's new york port on the Crown Princess, declared it French-owned, and named it Xin 'ang Gulaim. 1602, the Netherlands sent Henry Hudson to North America to find a new paradise. 1609 arrived in new york Bay and went north along the river. The following year, Hudson returned to Holland with native products and fur from North America. Many Dutch businessmen took a keen interest in this resource-rich land and settled down here. The Dutch were named "New Netherlands".

[1] Later, the famous Hudson River was named after him. When Manhattan was born (A.D. 1624-A.D. 1626) 1624, the Dutch set up a fur trading post on Governor's Island, and the Europeans began their formal permanent residence in New Holland.

1625, Amherst started construction on Manhattan Island, which was later called "New Amsterdam". 1626, Peter Minut, the Dutch colonial governor, bought Manhattan Island from the local Lenape people for 60 guilders (about 1000 US dollars in 2006).

A trading post was established, and this place was named "New Amsterdam" after Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands. The Dutch established their homes and took root here, with about 300 residents. [8] Born in new york (1651-1770). 165 1 year, the anglo-Dutch war broke out, the aboriginal civil war, and the diseases brought by the European colonists in New Amsterdam, which made the number of Lenape people in lower Manhattan reach 168 today.

1664, the British fleet arrived here, and the Dutch knew that they were unable to confront it. Peter Beasant, the new Dutch governor, surrendered and handed over the new Amsterdam. King charles ii of England gave this place to his younger brother, so the king's younger brother moved his territory from Yorkshire, England to New Amsterdam and changed the place name to "new york", that is, "new york". Its name comes from Yorkshire, England, and the word "new" is added in front of it to show the difference. Later, the Chinese transliteration of "new york" got its name.

Trade Holland for Lund Island in Indonesia. [8] Britain acquired the territory of "New Amsterdam" and named it "new york", which became a British colony.

/kloc-In the second half of the 7th century, new york became a commercial center with an increasing population. Rich export of agricultural products and import of industrial products have promoted the development of local economy. Without labor, by 1770, the number of Lenape people had dropped to 200. [8] new york became the base camp of the slave market, and human trafficking was quite popular, but it also planted the seeds of anti-slavery in the United States in the future.

[1] Declaration of Independence (A.D. 1773- A.D. 1775) The new immigrants who moved here from Britain established a new system different from that of Britain, and became colonies of thirteen states in North America. They thought they could live and work here, but due to the financial difficulties in Britain, their dreams were shattered and the colonial people learned a lesson. 1773, the "tea incident" became the fuse of the war of independence, and the colonial people launched this war with the slogan "give me liberty or give me death".

1776 On July 4th, Thomas Jefferson held a continental congress in Philadelphia and issued the Declaration of Independence. New york has also become a decisive battle place for British and American troops. Unable to resist the strong attack of the British, new york fell into the hands of the British again, and the United States turned to the French for help. 178110/October17, the United States and France won the final victory, and new york returned to the arms of the US military.

[1] ◎ War of Independence (A.D. 1776- 1783) The battle of Long Island, the largest battle in the American War of Independence, was held in today's Brooklyn on August 1776. The defeat of the United States in this war reduced the military conflict in new york, and the city became the military and political center of Britain in North America.

At this time, new york became a refuge for royalists and fugitive slaves (Britain promised them freedom to join its own side), and at least 654.38+00000 fugitive slaves flooded into the city when Britain occupied new york. On September 1776, 1 1, representatives of Britain and the United States met in Staten Island, which was the only time that both sides tried to resolve the conflict peacefully in wartime.

American representatives include Benjamin Franklin, and British representatives include Lord Howe. Shortly after the British occupation of new york, a fire broke out in new york, and nearly a quarter of the urban buildings were destroyed.

1at the end of 776, the United States of America became independent. 178 1 year, Britain and the United States signed the Paris Peace Treaty, and Britain recognized American independence and allocated the land east of the Mississippi River to the United States. [1] 1783 On the day of evacuation, Britain withdrew from new york (new york was also the last British port to evacuate) and settled 3,000 freed slaves in Nova Scotia.

Other free slaves went to England and the Caribbean. ◎ The status rose sharply (1785—1790). 1785, the Confederate Conference designated new york as the capital of the United States.

New york is the last American capital under the U.S. Constitution18th century new york and18th century new york. 1789, the first president of the United States, George Washington, was sworn in at the Federal Hall.

In the same place, the first Congress of the United States and the Supreme Court were convened, and the American Bill of Rights was drafted. 1790, new york surpassed Philadelphia to become the largest city in the United States.

Abolition of Slavery Act (1799— 1840) According to the Law on the Abolition of Slavery promulgated by New York State (1799), the children of slave mothers will be born as indentured laborers and will not be free until they are 25 years old. Slaves who were liberated after the War of Independence were the same as those who escaped.