Choose one poem from each of Li Bai's, Du Fu's and Bai Juyi's, taste it carefully, and talk about your feelings!

Du Fu

a light wind is rippling at the grassy shore, through the night, to my motionless tall mast.

the stars lean down from open space, and the moon comes running up the river.

if only my art might bring me fame, and free my sick old age from office!.

flitting, flitting, what am I like? But a sand-snipe in the wide, wide world!.

In 765 AD, Du Fu left Chengdu Caotang with his family, took a boat to the east, and drifted along the Minjiang River and the Yangtze River. This five-character poem was probably written when he was boating through Yuzhou and Zhongzhou.

The first half of the poem describes the scene of "traveling at night". Close-up: The breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the boat with high mast is moored alone on the moonlit night. At that time, Du Fu was forced to leave Chengdu. In the first month of this year, he resigned as our staff officer, and in April, his good friend Yanwu, who lived in Chengdu, died. In this lonely place, I decided to leave the east of Sichuan. Therefore, here is not a vague description of the scenery, but a feeling in the scenery, showing his situation and feelings through the description of the scenery: as small as grass on the river bank and as lonely as a boat in the river. The third and fourth sentences write a vision: the stars are low and Ping Ye is vast; The moon surges with the waves, and the river flows east. These two sentences are magnificent and broad, and have always been praised. What is the poet's feeling in these two sentences? Some people think that it is "open-minded and broad-minded" (Pu Qilong's Reading Du Xin Jie), and some people think that it is a feeling of "happiness" (see "Collection of Tang Poetry, Interpretation of Du Fu's Five Laws"). Obviously, this poem is about the poet's miserable situation of wandering in his later years, and the above two explanations only emphasize the literal meaning of the poem, which is hard to convince. In fact, the poet wrote about the vast Ping Ye, the mighty river and the splendid stars and moons, precisely to reflect his lonely image and his sad mood. This technique of writing sadness with pleasure is often used in classical works. For example, "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Caiwei", "I used to be gone, and the willows were reluctant", with the beautiful scenery of spring to set off the sadness of the soldiers who went to war, how touching it was!

the second half of the poem is "book bosom". The fifth and sixth sentences say that I have a little reputation. Where is it because my article is good? To be an official, you should retire because you are old and sick. This is ironic, and the idea is implicit. The poet is known for his lofty political ambitions, but he has been suppressed for a long time and can't display them, so his fame is actually due to his articles, which is really not his wish. Du Fu was really old and sick at this time, but his retirement was mainly due to being excluded, not being old and sick. This shows the injustice in the poet's heart, and reveals that political frustration is the fundamental reason for his drift and loneliness. Regarding the meaning of this couplet, Huang Sheng said it was "no blame, the language of caressing the bow and blaming itself" ("Du Shi Shuo"), and Qiu Zhaoao said it was "five belong to self-modesty, and six are self-explanation" ("Detailed Notes on Du Shaoling Collection"), which is probably not very appropriate. The last two sentences say, what does it look like to float all over? It's just like a Sha Ou in the vast world. The poet expressed his grief by taking the situation into consideration. The water and sky are vast, and Sha Ou is falling; People are like Sha Ou, moving to Jianghu. This couplet expresses emotion by borrowing scenery, which profoundly shows the poet's wandering sadness in his heart. It is really touching and touching.

Wang fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Although the scene is divided into the mind and the object, the scene gives birth to the emotion, and the emotion gives birth to the scene, ... hiding each other's houses." Scenes hide each other's houses, that is, they contain feelings in the scenery and feelings in the scenery. The former writes scenes that are suitable for expressing the poet's feelings, so that the feelings are hidden in the scenery; The latter is not writing in the abstract, but hiding scenery in writing. Du Fu's poem "a night abroad" is an example in classical poetry in which scenes live side by side and hide their houses from each other.

feeling: this poem was written on the author's wandering way. Through the description of the magnificent scene of the stars changing and the moon surging during the night trip, the author expressed his feelings of being in trouble and drifting.

Yellow Crane Tower a farewell to meng haoran on his way to yangzhou

Li Bai

An old friend left the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March.

The solitary sail shows the blue sky in the distance, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky.

"An old friend left the Yellow Crane Tower in the west", this sentence is not only for the point, but also because the Yellow Crane Tower is a world-famous scenic spot, which may be the place where two poets often hang out for parties. Therefore, when it comes to the Yellow Crane Tower, it brings out all kinds of poetic life contents related to it. What about the Yellow Crane Tower itself? It is also the place where the fairy is said to fly to the sky, which is another kind of association with Li Bai's idea that Meng Haoran went to Yangzhou happily this time, adding that kind of pleasant and imaginative atmosphere.

"Fireworks descend to Yangzhou in March", and the word "fireworks" is added to "March", which makes the atmosphere of the poem in the farewell environment particularly rich. Fireworks, misty, full of flowers. It gives people a feeling that it is by no means a piece of land or a flower, but a vast expanse of smoke in the spring that can't be seen and seen through. March, of course, is the time of fireworks, and the prosperous lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Kaiyuan era, isn't it a place of fireworks? "Fireworks in March" not only reproduces the charming scenery of the bustling place in late spring, but also reveals the atmosphere of the times. This sentence is beautiful in artistic conception and beautiful in writing, and Sun Zhu, a Qing dynasty, praised it as "a beautiful sentence through the ages".

"The lonely sail is far from the blue sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky." The last two sentences of the poem seem to be scenery writing, but there is a poetic detail in the scenery writing. Li Bai has been sending his friends to the boat, and the boat has sailed away, and he is still watching the distant sails by the river. Li Bai's eyes looked at the sail shadow until it gradually blurred and disappeared at the end of the blue sky, showing the long time of watching. The sail shadow has disappeared, but Li Bai is still staring at it, only then did he notice that a river of spring water is flowing far away to the junction of water and sky. "Only seeing the Yangtze River flowing in the sky" is the scene in front of us, but who can say that it is simply painting the scenery? Isn't Li Bai's deep affection for his friends and Li Bai's yearning reflected in this poetic fascination? Isn't the poet's heart ebbing and flowing like a river flowing eastward?

In a word, this poetic and romantic departure of two poets is another yearning departure for Li Bai, which is vividly expressed by the poet with the gorgeous scenery in March in the spring, the wide picture of boating on the Yangtze River and the details of watching the lonely sails.

feeling: this farewell poem has its own special sentiment. It's different from Wang Bo's farewell to Du Shaofu's post of Shu Chuan, and it's also different from Wang Wei's farewell to Weicheng Qu, which is affectionate and considerate. This poem can be said to be a poetic parting. The reason for this is that this is the parting of two romantic and chic poets. It is also because this parting is associated with a prosperous era, a prosperous season and a prosperous region, and it also carries the yearning of poet Li Bai in the happy parting, which makes this parting extremely poetic.