How to plant potatoes (key points of potato high-yield cultivation technology)

Potatoes (potatoes) are both vegetables and food crops and are loved by many people. Potatoes have high nutritional value and are rich in cellulose, vitamins, protein, iron, carotene, carbohydrates, calcium and so on.

The industrial chain of potatoes is relatively long, basically all year round. Therefore, potatoes have become the first choice for some vegetable farmers and brought good benefits. In this article, the helper will tell you about potato planting in detail.

First, seed selection

Selecting excellent varieties suitable for local cultivation is the premise of high yield. According to different processing purposes, different potato varieties are selected, such as some for processing vermicelli, some for fresh potatoes, and some for potato chips. , the specific varieties depend on local conditions.

In the process of seed selection, we should pay attention to the selection of disease-free, injury-free and crack-free seed potatoes. It is recommended to use a smaller whole piece for seed selection. If there is no smaller whole piece, cut it into pieces after selecting the big piece. Note that the cutter needs to be disinfected during cutting.

Second, land selection and land preparation.

1, land selection

Suitable plots are beneficial to the growth of potatoes, and the yield and quality are guaranteed. Generally, plots with good drainage, deep soil layer, flat terrain and relatively fertile soil are selected.

Deep soil layer can ensure the absorption of nutrients by potatoes, loose soil is conducive to the expansion of potatoes, fertile soil is conducive to the growth and development of potatoes and so on.

However, it should be noted that it is not recommended to choose continuous cropping plots or solanaceae crop plots planted by previous crops.

2. Soil preparation

Fine soil preparation is also a favorable factor for potato growth. Deep ploughing and harrowing can loosen the soil, improve the soil's ability of water storage and fertilizer conservation, and reduce the occurrence of field diseases and insect pests.

Third, seed potato treatment

1, seed drying and bud cutting

Some time before sowing, the seeds are dried and cut into buds. In this process, choose miscellaneous potatoes, sick potatoes and rotten potatoes. Pay attention to disinfection when cutting buds, and carbendazim can be used.

Step 2 soak the seeds

You can choose carbendazim, difenoconazole and other drugs to soak seeds, dry them and sow them, which has a good preventive effect on some diseases.

Fourth, fertilization.

According to different plots, different fertilizers are applied to the base fertilizer. Generally speaking, if there is farmyard manure, it can be applied with decomposed farmyard manure.

If there is no farmyard manure, ternary compound fertilizer 100 kg can be applied per mu, which can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the specific conditions of the land. In addition, 2 kg of zinc sulfate +20 kg of urea+65,438+05 kg of potassium sulfate +50 kg of calcium superphosphate can be used after these fertilizers are mixed evenly.

If there are many underground pests in the field, you can also sprinkle some pesticides such as chlorpyrifos and phoxim to play a certain role in prevention and control.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) planting

Sowing requires "deep, straight and even" and reasonable close planting. Different planting methods, varieties and soil fertility have different planting densities.

In addition, choose sunny sowing, rainy weather is not conducive to the growth after sowing.

Management of intransitive verbs

1, check the seedlings and make up the seedlings

After the emergence of potatoes, it is necessary to check the seedlings in time. If there is a shortage of seedlings, it is necessary to replenish them in time.

Step 2 weed

In view of the overgrown weeds in the field, manual weeding can be chosen if conditions permit. If you use herbicides, you should pay attention to the harm. Commonly used herbicides are sulfuron-methyl, high-efficiency haloxyfop-methyl, bentazone, pendimethalin and so on.

3. Insecticide

Underground pests are generally prevented by soaking or dressing seeds before sowing. The seed dressing agent can be thiamethoxam. Later pests, such as root knot nematodes, can be controlled by spraying thiamethoxam. Imidacloprid and beta-cypermethrin can control aphids, and beta-cypermethrin can control ladybugs.

4. Disease prevention

Zineb, mancozeb, chlorothalonil and fluazinam can be used to control late blight and early blight, azoxystrobin and thifluzamide can be used to control nevus spot, and thiophanate-methyl can be used to control ring rot.

Seven. harvest

When the stems and leaves of potatoes turn yellow and wither, the tubers of potatoes are separated from the plants, and the skin becomes hard and tough. In this case, the potatoes are ripe and can be harvested.

There are two important points to note. First, it is recommended to choose sunny days when harvesting. The second is to dry and dissipate heat after harvest.

The above is the relevant content of potato planting. It is hoped that farmers will improve their planting techniques, ensure their output and increase their income.