How does Confucius and Mencius teach?

The significance of Confucianism to the development of China's spiritual culture from the perspective of Confucius and Mencius Abstract: This paper briefly introduces the content and development history of Confucianism, and links the important role of Confucianism in people's overall quality, national cohesion, mental outlook and behavior in modern and contemporary society, hoping to arouse people's attention to China's traditional spiritual culture, learn and cultivate it, and not lose these treasures. Keywords: Confucianism; Traditional spiritual culture; Confucius and Mencius thought; Confucius and Mencius, classics of Chinese studies, were born in Shandong. Confucius was born in Qufu, Shandong, and Mencius was born in Zoucheng, Shandong. Their birth time is nearly 200 years apart, but their thoughts are similar. Confucius and Mencius are the representatives of Confucian school. They both advocate the idea of benevolence and emphasize that "the benevolent loves others". Later generations respected Confucius as the "most holy" and Mencius as the "saint". Qufu, Shandong Province is famous for its "three holes"-Confucius House, Confucius Temple and Confucius Forest. Thousands of tourists visit Qufu every day. However, when asked why they came to Qufu and what they came to see, did people see the glory of Confucius or the glory of Confucianism created by Confucius? Basically, everyone knows that Confucius is the representative of Confucianism in China, but he can't say anything about the specific content of Confucius' thought. Zoucheng, Mencius' hometown, is only more than 20 kilometers away from Qufu, but why are there so few tourists compared with Sankong Mengfu? The number of visitors to Yasheng Temple is less than that of Sankong Temple. Is it because there are not many people who really feel Confucianism, so maybe more people will come to Mengfu Mengmiao for the purpose of carefully visiting and experiencing the spirit of elegance and holiness? Most of the introductions in the three holes are based on the big family of Confucius, and there are few introductions to Confucianism. Generally speaking, these places should be full of cultural atmosphere. Although crowded, how many people really enjoy the wonderful role of Confucianism in China's traditional culture? Recently, our country has been advocating the education of sages in traditional culture, and discovering the beauty of China's traditional culture is that in today's rapidly developing social environment, let us regain the classics and educate people with traditional sages. The traditional spirit, thought and culture of a country are gradually infiltrated and cultivated from an early age and are established by the cultural atmosphere of the whole country. On the streets of Qufu, you can see a lot of Chinese studies, and there is a Confucianism museum in Mengfu. The whole city reveals a strong atmosphere of traditional Confucianism. These schools mainly employ special "private school teachers" to teach Confucian classics to children and improve their moral quality and personal cultivation. In the modern society with advanced science and technology, this kind of school has its unique charm and function. At present, the teaching of Chinese studies is mainly carried out through study tours, soul classes and special activities. Some people say that the most realistic significance of Confucianism to China at present lies in education. I think the most realistic significance of Confucianism to China is to improve people's moral quality and restore China's etiquette as a big country by regaining the classics and learning the classic Confucian culture. Confucianism pays attention to "benevolence" and "courtesy", which is of great significance to the education of young people. Grasping education and quality should start with teenagers. Only when the thoughts of teenagers are actively and correctly guided by China's traditional Confucianism can they become the pillars of the future country, not be misled and controlled by backward and wrong thoughts, form the qualities of gratitude, filial piety and modesty from childhood, and grow into talents to meet the needs of society. To understand the effect of China's traditional Confucianism on China's traditional culture and national spirit, we need to know what Confucianism mainly talks about, its core and social background. As the founder of Confucianism, Confucius has a far-reaching influence on China's philosophy and the spirit of the Chinese nation. Mencius, as a saint, had a great influence on the development of Confucius' thought. Today, Confucius and Mencius thought is still an important part of China's traditional thought. Confucius, as the founder of Confucianism, and Mencius, as the successor and developer of Confucianism, are the main representatives of Confucianism. Since ancient times, Confucius and Mencius have often been called the way of Confucius and Mencius' education. The parts of "benevolence" and "ceremony" in Confucius and Mencius' thought have certain guiding significance for personal cultivation and political methods. The core of Confucianism is: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, faith, forgiveness, loyalty, filial piety and kindness. The theoretical core of Confucius' thought is "benevolence", which is a speculative philosophical thought. Confucius regards "benevolence" as the highest ideal and standard. "Righteousness" is a moral principle and "propriety" is an ethical category. When it comes to doing things and being a man, we should pay attention to morality and etiquette. "Knowledge" is not only a kind of knowledge, but also an attitude of seeking knowledge, that is, people should not only have wisdom and knowledge, but also constantly enrich themselves and thirst for knowledge. There is a saying in China that it is never too old to learn. "Credibility" means being honest, keeping words and deeds in line, and being honest and trustworthy has been the traditional virtue of our Chinese nation since ancient times. "Forgive" means "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" written in The Analects of Confucius. Tolerance is the only way to achieve success. Loyalty means honesty. In modern society, some honest people may be regarded as stupid, while treacherous people are regarded as flexible, which is the decline of traditional values in a certain sense. According to Confucius, "filial piety" is the basis of "benevolence", and the thought of filial piety is the embodiment of China's ancient cultural spirit. In Confucius' view, it is the most basic thing for children to respect and support their parents, but now "family members living apart from the elderly should often visit or greet the elderly" needs to be written into law. Does this remind young people to reflect on themselves, and do they not even understand the most basic "filial piety" as a China person? "Filial piety" refers to the feelings of loving one's brother. Confucius' disciples called filial piety "the foundation of benevolence". On the whole, Confucianism has always occupied a strong position in China, insisting on "rule by courtesy", advocating "rule by virtue" and attaching importance to "benevolent governance". Throughout the development of Confucianism, in addition to the destruction and oppression of Confucianism and culture during the Cultural Revolution, Confucianism was founded by Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period, developed by Mencius in the Warring States Period, and even regarded as a feudal ruling ideology in the Western Han Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, Buddhism and Taoism were absorbed and Neo-Confucianism was formed. In my opinion, a very important reason why Confucianism has been passed down to this day is that Confucianism conforms to the traditional virtues of loyalty, filial piety and benevolence in China. It teaches us to learn to be a good person. Only when people in a country learn to be a good person can this society make healthy progress. The second order of Confucian research on "sage inside and king outside" is: seeking truth-knowledge-sincerity-integrity-self-cultivation-keeping the family in order-governing the country, which is the relationship between personal cultivation and the establishment and development of a social country. Learning the form of "sage inside and king outside" is formed by imitating the deeds of Confucius' "Xing Yuan gives lectures". The theory of "inner sage and outer king" covers two aspects: personal cultivation and social shaping, which shows that personal cultivation has reached a higher level in the construction and development of the whole country. To some extent, all theories about sociology can not be separated from two aspects: "inner sage" and "outer king" Therefore, it can be said that all issues related to sociology can be penetrated by "inner saints and outer kings". At present, many schools of Chinese studies can be seen in Qufu and Zoucheng, Shandong Province, and the whole city is full of heavy cultural atmosphere. In Mencius' Heart to Heart, Mencius said that "Climbing Mount Tai is a small world", and the position of Confucianism in China can also be said to be very high and unparalleled. Why do we once again raise Chinese studies and Confucianism to a new height? Because the development of our society now needs this kind of pragmatic thinking, and people need to calm down and taste the traditional culture left by these ancestors. Confucius Institutes are now all over the world, and China's philosophy, represented by Confucianism, is also moving towards modernization. China's traditional spiritual culture is developing, and the Confucian spirit is not a stagnant thought. The brilliance of China's traditional spiritual culture depends on our own inheritance and development. Only by digging deep into the unique value of China's traditional Confucianism in the contemporary era can we better combine them into the spiritual and cultural characteristics of contemporary China. (Author: Marxist College of Tibet University for Nationalities) Source: Shang