What are the characteristics of Miao people's clothing, diet and folk houses?

1, clothing

Miao costumes vary according to gender, age, region and clan.

(1) Miao costumes

Miao men in northwest Guizhou and northeast Yunnan wear patterned linen clothes and wool felt with geometric patterns on their shoulders;

In other places, Miao men usually wear short coats, trousers with double-breasted or left-breasted buttons, a big belt, a long blue scarf around their heads and leggings on their feet in winter.

(2) The costumes of Miao women in different regions are quite different.

The Miao women's costumes in Xiangxi, northeastern Guizhou, southeastern Chongqing and southwestern Hubei belong to the Hunan-Guizhou-Chongqing-Hubei type. They are all dressed in big-breasted right-back clothes or long-sleeved clothes. The trousers, sleeves, trouser legs and collars are inlaid with floral ornaments, with flowers embroidered on their chests and flowers on their waists. Most of them are blue or blue, and most of them wear headscarves.

Qiandong type includes all Miao people who speak Miao language and Qiandong language. Women's clothes are still navy blue, with big collars (a few are big-breasted dresses) and undivided pleated skirts. Embroidery is the main decoration of clothes and skirts, and brocade is more common. Most of them are tied into a vertebral bun, and a few are wrapped in a bun.

South-central Guizhou belongs to Miao people in Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan dialects. Women's dresses are mostly double-breasted with large collars and left and right lapels, and a few large-breasted dresses, pleated skirts and long skirts have more accessories. Most dresses are decorated with flowers, embroidery and batik, and a few have no flowers.

Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan style is distributed in the four provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Guangxi in Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect of Miao language. The basic style of women's wear is a double-breasted dress with a big collar or a short skirt with a big collar on both sides. Some have accessories outside, and some are covered outside. Most of them wear pleated long skirts with skirts in front and streamers hanging behind them.

2. Jewelry

(1) Jin Miao

Miao people often use Miao brocade as a gift for their relatives and friends. The mother gave it to her children to express her blessing; The girl gave it to her boyfriend, indicating that she was privately fixed for life; The Miao family gave it to their guests to show that their friendship will last forever.

(2) Miao silver jewelry

Silver ornaments, including silver hairpin, silver awn, silver bracelet, silver collar, silver medal, silver fish and silver bell, are unique to Miao young women.

Decorations.

Second, the Miao diet

Miao people in southeastern Hainan, western Hunan and Guangxi Rongshui mainly eat rice, but also have corn, sweet potato, millet and other miscellaneous grains.

Miao people in northwest Guizhou, south Sichuan and northeast Yunnan live on corn, potatoes, buckwheat seeds and oats.

Miao people in Qiandongnan sealed glutinous rice and vegetables together in an altar and ate them after one or two months. This is a kind of pickle with unique flavor. The hobby of drinking is very common. In case of weddings, funerals and celebrations or visits from relatives and friends, guests should be entertained with wine. ?

Third, Miao folk houses?

Miao people generally live in groups. The size of the village varies according to the geographical environment. Generally, three to five households and a dozen households are a village. In large villages, there are generally dozens of households, one or two hundred households.

1, Qiandongnan residents live in wooden bungalows and dry fences.

(1) Miao bungalows are mostly bamboo and wood structures, with wooden boards and bamboo chips as walls and covered with bamboo, tiles, wood skins or thatch. The bungalow is divided into three bays and six bays.

(2) There are two main forms of architecture in modern Gan Lan: full-story residence and half-story residence.

Most of the "Gan Lan" buildings have two floors, and people can get on and off. There is a balcony in front of the upstairs house and a corridor in front of the house. There are three bedrooms and five bedrooms in the main room, which is the same as the layout of the bungalow. Wooden battens are the walls downstairs, which are used to raise livestock and pile up sundries.

The whole building is a typical all-wood structure high-legged dry fence. Half a building is built on a mountain, and the slope is a platform. In the second half, the platform of the house foundation is the living surface. In the first half, the columns are suspended, and the upper floor is flush with the platform, forming a half building.

2. The Miao people's houses in Wenshan, Yunnan, are mostly covered with bamboo strips and covered with mud, with flat grass roofs.

3. Miao residents in Zhaotong area have the right to build houses, that is, houses with several trunks crossed with thatch, woven with branches or bamboo, and plastered with mud. Generally, it is divided into two rooms, one for people and one for animals.

The Miao people in Hainan Island live in a long and narrow thatched house with three rooms on the first floor. The eaves are very long, and the corridor under the eaves is a place to rest. Most Miao people in southern Sichuan and northwestern Guizhou live in houses with grass roofs or tile roofs. ?

Miao language belongs to the Miao branch of Miao Yao language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Due to frequent migration and scattered residence, Miao people have great differences in language and vocabulary, forming several dialects and dialects. Some Miao people have their own characters, such as "Polaroid Miao Wen".

(commonly known as "Old Miao Wen") is still used by some Miao people in Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan. Another part of Miao language has been lost. ?

Most Miao families are monogamous. If the husband and wife have been married for a long time and have no children, the man may take a second wife (concubine) with the consent of the woman.

Equality of status and equality of wives. Middle-aged widows can remarry. Young men and women are free to fall in love, and their parents should be consulted when they get married. If parents object, young men and women stick to their opinions and take the method of private escape. In some places, there is still the custom of keeping marriage. ?

Besides the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, Miao people also have their own national festivals. Such as: Miao Year, Chinese New Year Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Lusheng Festival, Slope Jumping Festival, etc. Besides colorful entertainment activities, every festival and party includes men and women.

The content of youth social activities and love. ?

Portal of the People's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region-Customs: Miao?