What is another name for Guangxi?

Historically, Guangxi has had many nicknames.

For example: Gui, Bagui, Guihai, Western Guangdong, Western Guangdong, Guangdongyou, Guangyou, Lingyou, etc.

Let’s first talk about “Western Guangdong” that relatively few people know about.

From the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, the vast area of ??today’s Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan Island was collectively known as “Baiyue” (Baiyue).

Today's Guangxi is called "Guangdong" because it belongs to the "Baiyue" (Baiyue) area. However, "Guangdong" does not specifically refer to Guangdong and Guangxi, but is mostly a general name for the current Guangdong and Guangxi areas, also known as "Guangdong". Southern Guangdong".

Since the establishment of Lingnan East Road and Lingnan West Road in the Tang Dynasty, and the establishment of Guangnan East Road and Guangnan West Road in the Song Dynasty, Guangdong (Lingnan) was divided into east and west parts and gradually became custom-made. Guangxi in the western part of the country is therefore also known as "Western Guangdong" and "Western Guangdong".

This nickname is recognized by official history.

For example, "History of the Ming Dynasty·Concubines—The Biography of the Empress Dowager Xiaomuji" records: "In the third year of Hongzhi, Geng Yu, the Minister of Rites, wrote: 'After the Great Expedition in Western Guangdong... In the past, Empress Xiaocigao and Empress Gao The emperor shared the hardships and transformed his family into a country... In this era, the Queen Mother left Western Guangdong at a young age and joined the service of the late emperor...'" ("History of the Ming Dynasty" Volume 113, page 3523) The memorial of Geng Yu, the Minister of Rites, used Guangxi's nickname "Guangdong" "West" and "Western Guangdong" were recorded in history books, establishing the authority of this nickname.

The nickname "Western Guangdong" can also be found in "The Biography of Zhang Heming" and "The Biography of Sun Xiuben of Wenyuan with the Biography of Li De" in "History of the Ming Dynasty".

Chronicles are no exception. The Ming Dynasty Su Rui's "Guangxi Field Grain Tax and Service Chronicles" begins with the nickname of Guangxi: "Since the Yuan Dynasty, there has been no land collection in western Guangdong.

"At the same time, In ancient books of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Guangxi was often nicknamed "Guangdong", "Western Guangdong", "Western Guangdong", "Guangdong You", etc. At this time, the single name "Guangdong" already specifically referred to Guangxi.

For example, in the twenty-sixth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1598), Yang Fang, who served as the governor of Guangxi, compiled the "Dian Yue Yao Compilation", which recorded important matters for the stability of Guangxi - border defense, military defense, and the control of ethnic minorities.

"Turen Ballads" - "Cantonese Songs" of Xunzhou Prefecture in Guangxi (now Guiping, Pingnan, Wuxuan, Guixian and nearby areas), and several types of Yao, Qianliang (belonging to today's Zhuang), and Zhuang songs are combined into one ed.

The "Guangdong" in the above-mentioned book titles refers specifically to the Guangxi region.

Xu Hongzu, a geographer and tourist in the Ming Dynasty, wrote "Xu Xiake's Travels", in which the "Diary of a Journey to the West of Guangdong" specifically records travels to Guangxi.

It seems to be a convention to refer to Guangxi as "Western Guangdong" in poetry.

For example, Chen Xian, who served as the right political advisor in Guangxi during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, wrote "Pine Trees in Western Guangdong", as well as Qian Xiyan's poem "Sending Xiangjun Bo to Move to Western Guangdong" in the Ming Dynasty, and Ye Xianggao's poem "Sending Xue Xie". "Going to the West of Guangdong Province", Wu Daonan's poem "General Wang Goes Out to Town, Song of Western Guangdong", Dong Chuance's poem "Song of Landscapes in Western Guangdong", Gu Wang's poem "Song of Western Guangdong", etc. "Western Guangdong" in the title of the poem is all Refers to Guangxi.

In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Sen served as the general magistrate of Guilin and Taiping (which governs today's Chongzuo County, Guangxi). His three masterpieces "Poetry of Western Guangdong" (Collection of Poems of Western Guangdong) (compilation of poems about Guangxi from the Han to the Ming Dynasty) "Poetry of Western Guangdong" (collection of articles about Guangxi from Qin and Han dynasties to Ming Dynasty), "Western Guangdong Collection" (compilation of Guangxi's cultural relics, celestial phenomena and climate, physical resources, anecdotes, customs and other materials), book titles They are all named "Western Guangdong".

Zhang Xianghe's "Biography of Western Guangdong" and Lu Zuo's "Odd Records of Western Guangdong" all use "Western Guangdong" to refer to Guangxi.

"Yuexi" is also written as "Yuexi", such as the poems of the Ming Dynasty Prime Minister "Sending Tan Sili to Yuexi" and "Sending Liang to Yuexi in the same year", "Yuexi" means "Yuexi" "Western Guangdong" refers to Guangxi.

"Western Guangdong" or "Western Guangdong".

For example, in the Ming Dynasty, the Prime Minister of the District wrote the poem "Gift Zhuang Dequan, Taishi Envoy to Xiyue" for Zhuang Dequan, deputy envoy of Jiang Bingbei in Guangxi Prefecture during the Wanli Period. "Western Guangdong", Hou Yiyuan's poem "Ciyin Yuan left to bid farewell to the princes of Western Guangdong", Wang Daokun's poem "Hu Jinfeng inspected Western Guangdong and presented poems to him", Shen Mingchen's poem "Send off General Zhu Shen to Western Guangdong first", Tang Xianzu's poem "Send off Yue Yue" Shi Liang's appointment to Western Guangdong", Pan Yi's poem "Send Li Bibu Shuliang as an envoy to Western Guangdong", Cai Runan's poem "Send off Yue Zhongge to send Chenshan Yu Valley back to the Western Guangdong shogunate", etc. Another example is Dong Chuance's poem: "Kunlun Mountain High Control To the west of Guangdong, how amazing is the flying flying bird?

"("Kunlun Song") Wang Bidong's poem says: "To the west of Guangdong, it's so beautiful to watch the wind.

" "Pingnan"), "Western Guangdong is looking at all the counties, and Nanning is also the first to take the lead." ("Residing in Nanning"), Sheng Yu's poem says: "I have stayed in Western Guangdong for three years, and I have experienced hundreds of barbarians alone.

"("Her Husband Dong Wenruo Passed from Longzhou in Western Guangdong to Xiu'an") "Western Guangdong" in the poem refers to Guangxi.

The synonym of "Western Guangdong" is "Guangdong", which is the same as calling "Guangxi" "Guangyou" and "Lingyou" mixed with "Lingxi". .

Because most royal palaces in our country were oriented north to south, there is also a folk saying of "left east, right west", so "Guangdong You" means "Western Guangdong", which is also another name for Guangxi.

For example, Wei Jun, a scholar from Guangxi in the Ming Dynasty, wrote "Miscellaneous Notes of Lingnan": "The wolf soldiers of Guangdong Province are the most ferocious in the world.

" "Guangdong Province" "Wolf soldiers" refers to the soldiers commanded by local officials in Guangxi.

Wang Bidong, who served as the left councilor of Guangxi during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, wrote the poem "Guangdong Right Governor's Rates and Hues". The "Guangdong You" in the title of the poem refers to Guangxi.

It is also known that "Guangxi" is called "Guangxi" by "Guangdong You".

The good names of Guangxi as "Gui" and "Bagui" can be traced back to the pre-Qin Dynasty.

Its name has two origins.

First, the names of "Gui", "Guilin" and "Guizhou" were based on the products of Guangxi, and then the names were called "Bagui"; second, the nickname of Guilin was derived from the past capitals of Guangxi. It was expanded to become another name for Guangxi.

"Guangyou" appeared in the Song Dynasty

The preface to "Guihai Yu Heng Zhi" written by Fan Chengda of the Song Dynasty states: "Shiyu came from Ziweiyuan and came to command Guangyou", annotated by: Ziwei The wall is also called Ziwei Palace (the name of the astrology)... In the first year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty, the name of Zhongshu was changed to Ziwei Province, which was named after the celestial phenomenon. The order of Zhongshu was called Ziwei Ling, and the official of the province was called Ziwei Lang.

When Fan Cheng was a scholar, he was a member of Zhongshushe, hence the saying.

To be in command is to take charge.

"Guihai Yu Heng Zhi" notes: "Fan Chengda... has been known to Jingjiang Mansion since Zhongshushe was born, and he served as Guangxi economic strategy and pacification envoy, in charge of military and civil affairs along the way. He was known as 'Shuai' at that time.

p>

Guangyou means Guangxi. The ancients used left and right to refer to the east and west.

"Guangyou" only appeared after "Guangxi" appeared as the name of an administrative division in the Song Dynasty. The ancients had a saying of "left east and right west" and called "Guangxi" "Guangyou".

"Commandering Guangyou" means going to Guangxi to take up the post of "coach".

Guangxi is often called Guangyou in Song Dynasty poetry.

For example, "Guihai Yu Heng Zhi·Zhiman" records: "Yao, after the original five streams Panhu, it borders Guangyou, Jingjiang's Xing'an, Yining, Guxian, and Rongzhou's Rongshui , found in Huaiyuan County.

"Guangyou" refers to Guangxi.

Xu Mengxin, a native of Jiangxi who knew Binzhou (today’s Binyang County) in the Song Dynasty, said in the preface to the poem "Having a Banquet with the Villagers at Danziyan": "There are ten people from Jiangxi who serve as officials in Guangzhou and right." 2.

"Shi Guangyou" refers to becoming an official in Guangxi.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the nickname "Guangyou" for Guangxi was more common and was even used openly in official documents.

For example, the first sentence of "Guangxi Fan Feng Zhi" in Huang Zuo's "Guangxi Tong Zhi" in the Ming Dynasty says: "Guangyou Fan Feng has never existed in ancient times.

" The literature classic "Guangdong" There are more than 10 poems from the Ming Dynasty in the "Western Poetry Collection" that use "Guangyou" to refer to Guangxi.

For example, Xu Zhongxing’s poem “Sends off Governor Chen’s studies to Guangyou”, Yan Song’s poem “Sends off Li Zhenglang’s studies in Guangyou”, Zhang Juzheng’s poems “Sends off two poems to Li Fengbu Shenfan Guangyou” and “Sends off "Four Poems by Fan Bi Bu Xie Xing Guang You" and so on.

Wang Shixing’s geographical work "Guangzhi Yi" published in the Qing Dynasty recorded the landscape of Guilin and commented: "The mountains and rivers of Guangyou are so amazing that Yinghai and Penglai Islands are not so good.

p>

” all refer to Guangxi with “Guangyou”.

Synonymous with "Guangyou" are "Lingyou" and "Lingxi".

Because the western area south of Wuling is Guangxi, it is named "Lingxi". "Lingxi" is also called "Lingyou" because the ancients used left and right to refer to east and west, which is the same as "Guangxi". "Right" has different names but the same reality.

For example, in the Ming Dynasty, Wang Boring "sent Shaoshen Yuan Zhongshan to the right of the mountain", Hu Yinglin "Sent to the right of the mountain by Zhang Shijun". In the city, the pavilions, ponds and swamps are all the best in Guilin.

"Fu De Ji Hong Bridge", the "Lingyou" in the title of the poem refers to Guangxi.

Another example is the Ming Cao Xuequan's "Guilin Ballad" which says: "Lingxi Rao Medicine", the Ming Gu Kejiu's poem "Send People to Gao Guan and Return to Lingxi", and the Ming Guo Zhengyu's poem "Send Xiao Xuanpu Palace to Praise and Return" "Lingxi" etc., "Lingxi" refers to Guangxi.

The origin of "Guihai" can be traced back to the Southern Dynasties

Jiang Yan of the Southern Dynasties wrote in his "Poems of Shu Congjia of Yuan Taiwei": "Wen Zhen thins the Guihai, and his voice teaches Zhu Bingtian."

"Li Shan of the Tang Dynasty noted: "There are osmanthus in the South China Sea, so it is called Guihai.

"The Lingnan area was called Nanhai in ancient times. There are many osmanthus trees growing in Lingnan, so Lingnan is also called Guihai."

However, Li Shan's annotation that the "Guihai" in Jiang Yan's poem refers to the South China Sea, that is, the Lingnan area, is inaccurate.

According to the title of a poem in Volume 14 of Fan Chengda's "Shihu Poetry Collection" of the Song Dynasty: "The painter Li Youzhi made two pictures of ice and sky and Guihai for me. When the ice and sky painting envoys Beilu crossed the Yellow River, Guihai painted a tour It is also in the middle of the Fozi Rock Road.

"Fan Chengda's "Guihai Yu Heng Zhi·Zhiyan Cave" records that Fozi Rock is in today's Guilin: "Fozi Rock, also known as Zhongyin Rock, is ten miles away from the city and is the farthest.

"Liu Kezhuang of the Tang Dynasty had a poem "Foziyan", which noted: "Foziyan, also known as Zhongyinyan, is in Guilin.

"Li Youzhi was named Fan Chengda Painting River." Combining the two pictures of Guihai and Bingtian in Yan's poem "Wen Zhen Bo Guihai, Sheng Jiao Zhu Bingtian" and the Foziyan recorded by Fan Chengda and others, the original meaning of "Guihai" in Jiang Yan's poem is the actual meaning. Guilin today.

"Wenzhen" is one of the twenty-eight stars. Wenzhen star is approaching Guihai, praising Guilin as a creation of God.

Fan Cheng’s masterpiece "Gui Hai Yu Heng Zhi", the title of the book with "Gui Hai" comes from Jiang Yan's poem.

The "Yu Heng" in the title of the book refers to his official position, which comes from "Zhou Li Tianguan Dazai": "He has nine positions to serve all the people, and the third is Yu Heng."

Note: "Yu Heng, the official in charge of mountains and rivers, is responsible for the people of mountains and rivers.

"Fan Chengda was appointed as the magistrate of Jingjiang Prefecture (1172) in the eighth year of Qiandao's reign (1172). He managed Guilin) ??and Guangnan West Road (today's Guangxi) to appease the envoys, so he was named "Yu Heng".

"Gui Hai Yu Heng Zhi" means a record of what he saw and heard when he was an official in Guilin, Guangxi (recording the mountains, rivers, scenery, people's customs and customs of Guangxi).

It can be seen that the "Guihai" referred to by Fan Chengda actually refers to Guilin and generally refers to Guangxi.

"Guihai" also means "many laurels", which is similar to "Bagui". It is used to refer to Guilin and the vast Guangxi area with many laurels.

As soon as "Gui Hai Yu Heng Zhi" was published, "Gui Hai" was used to refer to Guangxi with considerable authority, and it is still used today. It is often seen in ancient books and literati's writings.