Intercept hypersonic missiles

This is a label topic. If you want to intercept hypersonic missiles, how fast does the bullet speed of anti-aircraft guns need to be?

Some people come to the conclusion that the interception rate is very low without thinking. It's easier to put forward an idea than to explain it. In fact, CCTV news reported that our 1 130 near-defense gun had a success rate of 96% when intercepting sea-skimming high-speed missiles flying at Mach 4.

For some data problems, it is best to trust the official media. But we can still talk about technical issues. Because what everyone thinks is very important is not the primary factor in the design of near-anti-gun.

In particular, the 1 130 mentioned by everyone can reach the firing rate of 1000 rounds per minute, or how fast the bullet is mentioned in the label topic. These indicators seem to be high, but they do not play a decisive role in the performance of the near-defense gun.

The firing rate and initial velocity are actually icing on the cake.

There are three truly meaningful technical indexes of short-range artillery, namely: rotating speed, searching radar period and aiming radar function of artillery.

First of all, talk about the rotation rate, which is the most important function of the security system.

Everyone saw that the most cruel shooting scene of the near anti-aircraft gun was not actually standing on the boat and getting stuck.

In fact, this fixed bump scene does not have much technical content. As long as the speed of the gun body driving motor is increased, the firing rate can be increased. If the firing rate cannot be increased, the number of barrels will continue to increase. Although modern near-defense guns are designed pneumatically or electrically, the general principle has not changed substantially compared with the hand-held machine guns in gatling during the Civil War.

So 3000 rounds per minute or 20000 rounds per minute, in fact, is not the place to blow.

The shooting scene that is really close to gun tyranny is rotary shooting.

Rotational speed refers to the rotational speed of the near anti-gun system on the horizontal axis and the pitching axis. As a measure of degrees per second, this number has always been a secret of various countries. After clearly knowing the turning rate of a near-anti-gun, we can accurately calculate the attack on the other warship and make a strike plan. Therefore, in the military intelligence market, the accurate return rate of a near-anti-gun is worth more than tens of millions of dollars. Most of the rotational speed data of the near-anti-gun that can be seen by online experts are inaccurate. Don't believe it.

When doing military intelligence analysis and collection, we usually do modeling and calculation according to the flame frequency of the gun barrel, the dust velocity of the projectile landing point and the rotation angle of the gun body to estimate the maximum rotation speed of a near-anti-gun system. Therefore, seven sets of test videos with full anti-aircraft guns released by CCTV more than ten years ago look like blood swelling in the eyes of military fans, but it is glistening money in the eyes of military intelligence workers.

We won't say the specific figures publicly. The only thing I can tell you is that the rotation speed of our near-anti-gun is at the leading level.

What is the rotation rate for? It can ensure that the near-defense gun can quickly point to the target when multiple missiles attack and break the target at a predetermined angle.

There is an inertia problem when a technical parameter related to rotation speed stops the rotation rate. Anti-aircraft gun is a big guy weighing several tons or even more than ten tons, and it should stop at a certain angle quickly in the process of high-speed rotation. This requires a powerful braking system, so that the near-anti-gun can lock quickly after reaching a predetermined angle.

When an incoming missile is found, the near-defense gun will start and a large number of intercepting warheads will be thrown into the flight path of the target. After completing a shell, you should quickly turn to the next target for interception.

The second important parameter is the search period of the search radar.

The scanning frequency of traditional search radar is generally horizontal scanning once every minute, so it is impossible to effectively search for incoming missiles that have missed the net.

When the near anti-aircraft gun is working, the phased array radar of modern warships will search for the direction of the approaching near anti-aircraft gun in short period and high frequency. To ensure that the air targets within the firing boundary of the near anti-gun are emptied.

It depends on the scanning period of phased array radar. Because radar wave is a pulse, if we want to detect the flight direction and trajectory of the target, we must get at least five target echoes.

Only then can the trajectory of the target be calculated according to the different directions of the reflected echo of the target.

If the scanning frequency is too slow, the target will hit the warship long after being re-tracked, and lose the tracking value.

The third important factor is the sputtering detection function of gun aiming radar. This is a new technology in recent ten years. Boring search radar can be found again after hitting the target. However, this is an ex post facto remedy.

The new anti-gun technology integrates the function of sputtering detection into the gun aiming radar, thus wasting time to intercept other incoming targets.

Finally, back to the firing rate and muzzle velocity that everyone cares about, our near-defense gun has a high firing rate, which is to form a barrage dense enough to intercept the target in the shortest time. The initial velocity of the 30-series anti-aircraft gun's tail-stabilized armor-piercing projectile has also reached 1 100 m/s, which is also to quickly form a barrage pair design in the target area. But this is not the main reason why the near anti-aircraft gun can intercept high-speed targets. The high speed of these two parts is only to improve the working efficiency of the whole anti-gun system.

Missiles attacking at high speed seem to be faster, but for intercepting targets, it is more important to transfer angular velocity than to compare linear velocity.