Get to know flowers and plants and embrace spring with children (1)

There are rumors that children are wandering in spring, and curious babies always ask, "What is this and what is that?" In order to avoid the embarrassment of not knowing: "Mm-hmm …………………", do some homework in advance.

Come and meet the common flowers and plants around you!

1. Ligustrum lucidum

Ligustrum lucidum:

Ligustrum of Oleaceae. Also known as English Ligustrum lucidum and Phnom Penh Ligustrum lucidum.

The new leaves are golden, hence the name Ligustrum lucidum in Phnom Penh, and the flowers are silvery white, which means "happiness from now on".

2. Cotinus coggygria

Huang Wei:

Plants of Cotinus of Uraciaceae. Also known as Hongye, Cotinus coggygria, Cotinus coggygria, Huangliuzi and Huanglong, they are important ornamental red leaf trees in China. May is the flowering season of cotinus coggygria. Seen from a distance, the trees are covered with purple smoke. After the flower, the long pedicel, like pink feathers, hangs on the branches like clouds and fog, and wraps around the trees like a thousand wisps of gauze. Scholars in previous dynasties called it "Diluo seeks old dreams", hence the name. In autumn, the leaves turn red and bright, and the famous red leaves in Xiangshan, Beijing are this kind of tree.

Zhao Xuemin's Compendium of Materia Medica in Qing Dynasty recorded clearly: "Huang Wei was born in Shangluo Valley, which is very famous in Sichuan. The leaves are round and yellow and can be dyed yellow. " In other words, the wood of Cotinus coggygria is yellow and can be used as a yellow dye, so it is called Cotinus coggygria.

Cotinus coggygria also has certain medicinal value. Another ancient medical book, "Notes on Materia Medica" written by Chen Zangqi in Tang Dynasty, records that Huangbi can relieve vexation and clear away heat, relieve hangover and turn yellow eyes. Its roots, stems, branches and leaves can clear away damp-heat, relieve pain, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, and have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and repercussive effects.

Poems about Huang Wei;

Wang Wei in the Mountain (Tang)

The stream of the river has been flowing for less than a day, and white stones are exposed on the riverbed. The weather is getting colder and the red leaves on the branches are becoming scarce.

There is no rain on the winding mountain road, the smoke is misty in the dense pine trees, and the water vapor is heavy, as if to flow, and then the clothes of passers-by.

3. Heather

Heather:

Photinia of Rosaceae. Heather was the first person to write "Heather". According to Li Shizhen's records, it was named "Heather" because it was "born in the sunny place between stones". But later generations thought that according to common sense, the name of vegetation should be radical, so people changed "heather" to "heather". The evergreen leaves of heather can adsorb some harmful gases and polluted particles in the air, and large-scale planting plays an important role in dust suppression and environmental protection. But also has the effect of killing mosquitoes. Whenever heather blooms, delicate white flowers will emit bursts of "malice". The smell of heather is pungent, but harmless. Mainly to attract insects to pollinate and make long-term plans for their own reproduction.

On heather s poems;

Photinia

Si Kongtu [Tang Dynasty]

Stealing time in the hostel is not idle, Heather is lazy to climb.

How the wind leaves go west, blowing away the cold clouds and seeing the old mountain.

4. Populus deltoides

Pingzhi Kaoko:

Semi-evergreen shrub of Castanopsis in Rosaceae.

Also known as: floor centipede, lobular pestle, dwarf red son. The main ornamental value of three-leaf poplar is the red leaves in late autumn. Roots and whole grass can be used as medicine, clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, stopping bleeding and relieving pain.

5.nandina domestica

South point bead:

Plants of nandina in Berberidaceae

Alias: South Tianzhu, Red Parcel, Tianzhu, Honggouzi, Diamond Yellow, Tianzhu and Zhu Lan. In autumn and winter, leaves will change from green to charming red, and many bright red berries will be bred. In autumn and winter, the cell membrane of plants will continue to harden, which will prevent nutrients from continuing to flow to leaves. Chlorophyll in leaves will be decomposed first, and carotene in leaves will be converted into yellow, orange or red. Leaves will change color after photosynthesis. When the temperature gets warmer again, the leaves will turn green again. )

Nandina domestica is also a very famous poisonous plant. Its fruit, flowers, leaves and branches are poisonous (the whole plant is poisonous), so it is necessary to avoid eating by mistake, otherwise it will lead to respiratory paralysis, unconsciousness, unstable pulse and muscle spasm. Nandina domestica is a poisonous plant, but it is also a well-known medicinal plant. Its seeds can be refined by professional institutions and turned into cough medicine.

6. lampstand tree

Lampstand tree:

Alias Ramu, Daughter Wood, Hexagon Tree. It is a deciduous tree belonging to Cornaceae and Lampshade, and it is a treasure of landscaping.

The drupe of the lampstand tree is spherical, purple at first, and turns blue-black when it matures. The fruit is sweet and sour after ripening, which is not only edible for people, but also a favorite food for birds. The medicine has sedative, antiinflammatory, analgesic and expectorant effects.

7. Rehmannia glutinosa

Rehmannia glutinosa:

Rehmannia glutinosa of Scrophulariaceae is a perennial herb. Also known as Rehmannia glutinosa, Rehmannia glutinosa, Rehmannia glutinosa, Rehmannia glutinosa and Rehmannia glutinosa. Rehmannia glutinosa is named after its underground roots are yellow and white, and its roots are one of traditional Chinese medicines. It was first published in Shennong Herbal Classic as a medicine for clearing heat and cooling blood. Rehmannia glutinosa is a tonic

In addition, Rehmannia glutinosa blooms in early summer, with a large amount of flowers, red and purple, which has good ornamental value.

Poems about Rehmannia glutinosa:

Rehmannia glutinosa (Baijuyi Decoction)

Wheat dies without rain in spring and early frost in autumn.

At the age of 20, he had no food and picked rehmannia in the field.

What's the use of mining? Stick to simple food.

The shower head disappeared in the morning and the basket was not full in the evening.

Take it to Zhumenfu and sell it to White Face Lang:

"With your fat horse, you can make the ground shine.

May it be easy to lose a drop in the bucket and save this suffering and hunger!

8. Veronica Arabia

Arab women:

Plants of Veronica in Scrophulariaceae.

Also known as Persian Veronica, it is an invasive plant. Arab Veronica has small blue flowers with long petioles. There are two germination peaks in a year, the first one is from March to April, and the second one is about 1 1 month.

Blue flowers only bloom for one day, as Anhui writer Xiang Limin wrote in A Woman's Blue:

One day is too late to get old, so people always see a woman with a fresh face and no dust.

9.chickweed

Chicken grass: also known as cold grass, grass and Kentucky bluegrass. Kentucky bluegrass,

Annual or winter grass, an important pasture, can lower blood sugar.

10. Dianthus

Carnation:

Perennial plants of Dianthus in Dianthus family. Also known as Luoyang Flower, China Dianthus, China Marsh Bamboo and Dianthus.

The flower language of carnation is pure and brave love and a symbol of maternal love. Dianthus in many countries is entrusted with the feelings of their mothers.

Roots and whole herbs are used as medicine, clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, breaking blood and dredging channels, removing blood stasis and reducing swelling.

On Dianthus poems:

China pink

Song-Zhang Gui

Dianthus is the smallest flower. At that time, Dianthus was once a fairy poem.

The new flowers are in a maze, and the purple butterfly is decorated with green branches.

1 1. Euonymus microphylla

Buxus microphylla:

Buxus is a dense plant of Buxus. Also known as: melon seeds boxwood, western cabbage boxwood, Millennium dwarf. It is a common foliage tree species, not only evergreen tree species, but also pollution-resistant. It can absorb toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide in the air, purify the atmosphere, and is especially suitable for planting greening beside roads with large traffic.

Can be used for treating cardiovascular diseases, malaria, rheumatism, dermatitis and rabies. Another study shows that the drug can treat dermatosis and diabetic foot complicated with infection.

12. Euonymus japonicus

Buxus macrophylla:

Euonymus of Euonymaceae. Also known as Euonymus japonicus and Zhengmu.

Buxus macrophylla is also called Buxus macrophylla, but it is different from the real Buxus macrophylla.

1). The plant height of Euonymus japonicus and Euonymus japonicus is different.

First of all, Euonymus japonicus is taller than Euonymus japonicus. Generally speaking, Euonymus japonicus can grow to about two meters, while Euonymus japonicus can grow even higher, reaching three meters.

2). Morphology of Euonymus japonicus and Euonymus japonicus.

Euonymus Euonymus leaves are thinner and longer, the leaves are bigger and lighter, the branches are thinner, and the leaves will be red in winter; Buxus macrophylla leaves are thick, shiny, waxy, dark green and black, with large, oval leaves and thick branches. Winter is still green, not as red as Euonymus japonicus.

3). Flowering periods of Euonymus japonicus and Euonymus japonicus.

The flowering period of Euonymus japonicus is generally in March and April, while Euonymus japonicus is in June and July. The fruiting period of Euonymus japonicus is in June and July, while that of Euonymus japonicus is in September and 10.

13. Boxwood in Phnom Penh

Boxwood in Phnom Penh:

Shrub plants of Euonymus in Euonymaceae. The spotted leaves of Buxus buxus in Phnom Penh are particularly beautiful, and its anti-pollution ability is very good, which can effectively fight against sulfur dioxide. It is the first choice for evergreen plants in heavily polluted industrial and mining areas.

14. All kinds of bitter vegetables

1).

The most striking feature of this herb is that its leaves have many deeply split serrations when it is young, and its headband is pointed. When you grow up, leaves surround the stem. White juice will flow out after the stem of the small bitter herb is broken, and yellow flowers will bloom when it grows up.

2) Sophora alopecuroides

Sophora alopecuroides:

When you grow up, you will also have small yellow flowers, which are different from bitter vegetables in that they have gray stamens on them. Its leaves are very long, and some of them will wrinkle when they grow up. Most of the bitter tea we often make is made by washing and drying bitter vegetables.

3) Sophora alopecuroides

Sophora alopecuroides:

Sophora alopecuroides is a variety of Sophora alopecuroides. Its biggest difference is that the flowers are white.

4) chicory

The leaves of sonchus oleraceus are similar to dandelion, larger than the above three kinds of sonchus oleraceus, with deeper serrations and blue-green leaves. These flowers are yellow, too

5). Sophora yunnanensis

Sophora japonica var. mosaic

This bitter vegetable is easy to identify, and the biggest difference from other bitter vegetables is that the leaves are deeply split and have sharp teeth and thorns. When you grow up, the flowers are yellow and bigger.

15. crow onion

Crow onion, alias Luoluo onion, Guluo onion, rabbit milk, pen container grass, Laoguan pen, etc. A perennial herb of Allium in Compositae has an "underground" root system similar to ginseng. Crow onions are edible. They are rich in nutrition.

16. Viola yedoensis

Viola yedoensis: also known as Viola, Viola glabra, etc. It is a perennial herb of Violaceae. The whole herb is used as medicine, clearing away heat and toxic materials, cooling blood and reducing swelling. Young leaves can be used as wild vegetables. It can be used as ornamental flowers in early spring.

This kind of common wild flowers and plants is very old, which can be found in China's earliest ancient poetry collection "The Book of Songs". "Daya Huan" is an epic poem of Zhou tribe, including one sentence:

Zhou Yuanheng, pansy is in full swing.

So, from the beginning, so, so, my turtle,

When you stop talking, build a room here.

The fields of Zhou people are so fertile, and the lush wild viola and bitter herbs are as sweet as maltose. They plan their livelihood one year in advance, and then carve tortoise shells to see elephants, which indicates that they will settle in a good place, build houses here and create a happy and beautiful new life.

Viola yedoensis is bitter in taste and cold in nature. It is often used in ancient poems to express an attitude of taking pleasure in suffering and enjoying life. For example:

Su Shi's "I would rather eat violets than remember Mei Qi's shame" in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Chao said: "It is gratifying to pick your own purple tea, but it is disgusting to be jealous of those who follow."

Liu Guo of the Southern Song Dynasty said, "I would like to serve you, and you regard meat as purple."

Liu Kezhuang's "The buds of Zhilanting households are sprouting, and the taste of tea corydalis Harada is getting sour".

Xie Fangde, a patriotic poet at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote: "Purple tea is unwilling to taste in a different place, and Jiang Gui is hotter when he is old." .

Guo, a writer in Meiji period in Japan, wrote a special hymn: "Spring is tempting,/You are bored and everywhere." /Viola, if you feel anything,/Please be my matchmaker. /When the girl who loves your soft color/Take off your hair and go home, if she comes back today,/"Someone is attracted to you." /Just whisper to her. "("Viola yedoensis ")

17. Ditanghua

Di Tang Hua:

Tang flowers of Rosaceae are shrubs, also known as Tang flowers, Tang Di, bee Tang Hua, Huang Dumei, Jindi Tang Mei and Huang Yumei.

There are two kinds of elegant Tang Di flowers: double Tang Di flowers and white Tang Di flowers. Tang Di flowers like warm, humid and semi-cloudy environment, and have poor cold tolerance. In addition to being ornamental, they also have the functions of detumescence, pain relief, cough relief and digestion assistance.

Tang Di is one of the ancient flowers in China. The book of songs was uploaded by Emperor Xiaoya: "The Emperor is a flower, and Hubei is not a flower (wěi). Today, everyone is a brother." Therefore, since the pre-Qin period, "localization" has been used to refer to brotherhood.

Tang Di's flower poems:

Huanxisha-Tang Di (green leaves and agarwood)

Spring has become a world of flowers, and Tang Di is beautiful.

A leaf and a flower are lovely.

Deep yellow, light blue, charming and helpless, green swaying.

Leave a noun inscription.

Di (Song Dong Siyuan)

Green Luo swaying between the United States and Britain, curled up soft gold bars.

The glory of the calyx is gradually coming, and the fairy gesture is silent and hits the spring.

It is widely rumored that Defoe inherited Huayu, and he left a legacy of kindness and kindness.

In the evening, flowers compare with each other, and Zhou Shiming writes about friends.

To be continued …