Please talk specifically about the three steps to prevent infectious diseases.

1. The management of patients and pathogen carriers requires early detection, early diagnosis, early isolation and active treatment of patients. 1978, the State Council promulgated the Regulations on the Management of Acute Infectious Diseases, and on February 26th, 65438, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) officially passed the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in People's Republic of China (PRC), which came into effect on September 1 of the same year. Infectious diseases stipulated in the Prevention and Control Law are classified into three categories: A, B and C. Infectious diseases reported to health and epidemic prevention institutions are called legal infectious diseases.

Class A: Plague and cholera.

Class B: viral hepatitis, bacterial and amoebic dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, polio, measles, whooping cough, diphtheria, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, scarlet fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, rabies, leptospirosis, brucellosis, anthrax, epidemic and endemic typhoid fever, epidemic encephalitis, leishmaniasis, malaria and dengue fever.

Class C: tuberculosis, schistosomiasis, filariasis, echinococcosis, leprosy, influenza, mumps, rubella, neonatal tetanus, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, infectious diarrhea except cholera, dysentery, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever. Our army also stipulated in 1979 that bacterial food poisoning and acute enteritis should be reported in the monthly epidemic report.

The epidemic situation of infectious diseases should be reported quickly. Class A infectious diseases require cities to report to health and epidemic prevention institutions within 6 hours, and rural areas should not exceed 12 hours; Class B infectious diseases require the city to be within 12 hours; Rural areas shall not exceed 24 hours. Health and epidemic prevention personnel and medical and health care personnel shall not conceal or lie about the epidemic situation, or instruct others to conceal or lie about the epidemic situation.

Management and necessary treatment of pathogen carriers. In particular, food producers, suppliers, chefs and nurses are regularly inspected for bacteria, so that they can be found, treated and replaced in time.

Medical observation, observation and collective quarantine shall be carried out on the contacts of infectious diseases, and immunization or drug prevention shall be carried out when necessary.

2. Management and treatment of infected animals The source of animal infection, wild animals and livestock with economic value should be isolated, slaughtered and disinfected when necessary, and wild animals with no economic value should be killed by the masses.

(2) cut off the route of transmission

According to different transmission routes of infectious diseases, different epidemic prevention measures are taken. Bedside isolation of intestinal infectious diseases, disinfection of vomit and diarrhea, strengthening food hygiene and personal hygiene, and managing water sources and feces. For respiratory infectious diseases, indoor ventilation, air circulation and air disinfection should be done well, and individuals should wear masks. Insect-borne infectious diseases should be equipped with pest control equipment, and drugs should be used to kill insects, insects and insects.

(3) Protecting vulnerable groups

To improve people's resistance, the key point is to vaccinate in a planned way and improve people's specific immunity. Artificial active immunization vaccinates susceptible people with vaccines, vaccines and toxoids in a planned way. After vaccination, the epidemic appeared within 1-4 weeks, lasting for several months to several years. Artificial passive immunization is to inject antiviral serum, gamma globulin, placental globulin and high-efficiency immunoglobulin in urgent need. Immunity appeared rapidly after injection, and it failed after maintaining 1 ~ 2 months.