Please talk about protons in detail

proton

classify

Composite particle

Fermion

-Baryon

proton

(Protons also belong to nucleons)

history

Symbol: p

Discovery time: 19 18.

Discoverer: ernest rutherford.

Basic attribute

Mass: 938 MeV

Charge:+1

Spin: 1/2

Force: gravity, electromagnetic force, weak nuclear force, strong nuclear force.

Half-life: the shortest is 1035 years, which can be regarded as definite.

Proton is a subatomic particle with a positive charge of 1.6 × 10- 19 Coulomb (C) and a mass of 938 million electron volts (MeV), namely1.6231×/kloc-0. Protons belong to a heavy subclass and consist of two top quarks and a bottom quark under strong interaction through gluons. The number of protons in the nucleus determines its chemical properties and which chemical element it belongs to. The nucleus of the most common isotope of hydrogen atom consists of a proton. The nuclei of other atoms are composed of protons and neutrons under strong interaction. So far, proton is considered as a stable and non-decaying particle. But there are also theories that protons may decay, but they have a long life. So far, physicists have not been able to obtain any experimental data that may be understood as proton decay. Hydrogen ions dissolved in water are actually protons. Protons play a very important role in chemistry and biochemistry. Substances that can provide protons in aqueous solution are generally called acids, and substances that can absorb protons in aqueous solution are generally called bases.

history

Ernest rutherford is regarded as the discoverer of protons. 19 18 He noticed that his flash detector recorded signs of hydrogen nuclei when it bombarded nitrogen with alpha particles. Rutherford realized that the only possible source of these hydrogen nuclei is nitrogen atoms, so the nitrogen atoms must contain hydrogen nuclei. He therefore proposed that the hydrogen nucleus with atomic number 1 is a basic particle. Eugene Goldstein had previously noticed that anode rays were composed of positive ions. But he failed to analyze the composition of these ions.

App application

In nuclear physics, protons are often used to accelerate to near the speed of light in accelerators and then collide with other particles. Such experiments provide extremely important data for the study of nuclear structure. Slow protons may also be absorbed by the nucleus, making artificial isotopes or artificial elements. Nuclear magnetic resonance uses the spin of protons to test the structure of molecules.

antiproton

The antiparticle of proton is antiproton, which was discovered by emilio segre and owen chamberlain in 1955. They won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1959. Category: baryon ja: Yoko ko: ms: proton th:?

baryon

Baryon is a particle with semi-odd spin and baryon number of+1 or-1. Baryon belongs to hadron. The earliest baryons were protons and neutrons.