Why do chickens lay soft-skinned eggs?

The reason why chickens lay soft-skinned eggs:

1, the influence of physiological factors; Continuous egg laying: Hens lay eggs continuously for a long time, which easily leads to the decline of physiological functions, often thinning eggshells or laying soft-shelled eggs. Therefore, improving feed quality, increasing animal protein feed, often basking in the sun, strengthening feeding management and promoting the physiological function of laying hens to recover as soon as possible can ensure the normal laying of chickens.

2. Management factors; Poor ventilation: Poor ventilation in chicken coops leads to high ammonia concentration, respiratory ammonia poisoning, so that chickens lose more carbon dioxide, resulting in insufficient carbonate ions to form calcium carbonate, which affects the absorption of calcium, resulting in thin-shell eggs. Therefore, the henhouse should be ventilated and ventilated, and the feces should be cleaned in time to prevent the ammonia concentration from being too high.

3. Feed reasons; Under normal circumstances, that is, in the case of adequate nutrition (especially minerals), laying hens should not lay soft or thin-skinned eggs. The main reason for producing soft-preserved eggs is the lack of calcium, phosphorus or vitamin D3, and calcium is the main component of forming eggshells and bones. About 80% of phosphorus and calcium form bones and eggshells, and the rest are distributed in whole body tissues, which have a wide range of physiological functions.

Extended data

Etiology of thin-shell egg production

1. Genetic factors: different varieties of eggshells have different qualities, such as thick eggshells of local species and thin eggshells of foreign species, which are easily broken. Therefore, seed selection can improve the eggshell thickness of varieties and reduce the broken egg rate.

2. Egg laying time: Generally, chicken farms start feeding at around 8: 00 in the morning. During the day, the blood calcium concentration is high, and the calcium secretion of laying hens is sufficient, so the eggshells produced in the afternoon are generally thick. The eggs laid before 10 am are usually formed at night. At night, hens are mostly at rest, eat less and have low blood calcium concentration, so eggs laid in the morning are generally thin-shell eggs.

3. Age effect: Generally, older hens lay bigger eggs, but the eggshells are correspondingly thinner. Therefore, it is advisable to raise laying hens for 2 years.

4. Thyroid dysfunction: Thyroid dysfunction in chickens will seriously affect the absorption and utilization of calcium, thus producing thin-shell eggs or soft-shell eggs. Feeding thyroxine tablets for 3-5 days can quickly harden eggshells.

5, molting: the physiological changes of hens during molting are great, which will also make eggshells thinner and broken eggs increase. Therefore, whole barley can be used to feed freely for 3-5 days in molting period, which can accelerate artificial molting, quickly restore egg laying and improve eggshell quality.

Management factors

1, poor ventilation: poor ventilation in chicken houses leads to high ammonia concentration, which will cause ammonia poisoning in respiratory tract, make chickens lose more carbon dioxide, lead to insufficient carbonate ions to form calcium carbonate, and affect the absorption of calcium, thus resulting in thin-shell eggs. Therefore, the henhouse should be ventilated and ventilated, and the feces should be cleaned in time to prevent the ammonia concentration from being too high.

2. Chicken house temperature: Too high or too low temperature will affect the quality of eggshells. When the temperature is higher than 32℃, it is difficult for chickens to dissipate heat, reduce their appetite and reduce their food intake. Long-term high temperature will destroy the nutritional balance of chickens, cause metabolic changes, reduce the thyroid function of chickens, lead to calcium deficiency in chickens, and easily produce thin-shell or soft-shell eggs.

When the temperature is lower than-12℃, the feed intake of chickens will decrease and the eggshells will become thinner. Therefore, it is necessary to ventilate in summer and keep warm in winter, so as to keep the temperature of the henhouse between 15℃-25℃, and adjust the concentrations of energy, minerals and protein in the laying hens' diet according to the seasons, so as to improve the laying rate and eggshell quality.

Adding 0.5%- 1.5% baking soda mixed feed to the feed can improve the strength of eggshells and greatly reduce the thin and soft eggs. In winter, 0.5%- 1.0% Chili powder was added to the diet to heat the chickens, so as to improve their cold resistance and increase their calories.

Feed reason

1, calcium deficiency: laying hens need a lot of calcium to form eggshells, and calcium deficiency in diet will produce thin-shell eggs or soft eggs. 1 Chickens need to eat 50-70g of feed every day, and the utilization rate of calcium in feed is only 60%, so it is not enough to rely solely on calcium in feed. Therefore, 3%-4% shell powder should be added to the chicken compound feed to supplement the deficiency.

2. Lack of vitamin D: Even if there is enough calcium and phosphorus in the diet, it will hinder the absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, resulting in smaller, deformed, thinner and softer eggshells, and decreased egg production and hatching rate.

Therefore, the most economical and effective way to obtain vitamin D is to let chickens get more sunshine, so that 7- deoxycholesterol contained in skin and feathers can be converted into vitamin D3 after ultraviolet irradiation and absorbed and utilized.

Vitamin D3 is generally added to the diet during production. Satisfactory results can be obtained by using cod liver oil as a supplement of vitamin D in diet and a drug for treating vitamin D deficiency.

3. Phosphorus deficiency: Phosphorus plays an important role in the formation of chicken bones, eggshells and somatic cells, as well as the utilization of carbohydrates, fats and calcium. Especially hens need phosphorus more, because egg yolk contains more phosphorus. The requirement of phosphorus in chicken diet is 0.6%, of which available phosphorus should be 0.5%. Therefore, 1%-2% bone meal or calcium phosphate should be added to feed to supplement calcium and phosphorus deficiency.

4. Improper ratio of calcium and phosphorus: No matter whether it is less calcium and phosphorus or less phosphorus and calcium, it will have adverse effects on the health, growth, egg laying and eggshell quality of chickens. The ratio of calcium to phosphorus in general diet should be 6-8: 1.

If the ratio of the two is improper, it will lead to thin or soft shell of eggs. Because eggshell calcification mainly occurred the night before, the feeding time at night should be extended appropriately. Therefore, the quality of eggshells can be improved by supplementing broken shells or bone meal to chickens every night.

5. Feed mildew: The feed is mildewed due to improper storage, which damages the liver and kidney of chickens by aflatoxin, thus destroying the metabolism of vitamin D in chickens, leading to weight loss, lower feed reward, poor disease resistance, reduced egg production and soft eggshells. Therefore, it is necessary to properly keep the feed to prevent it from being damp and moldy.

6. Improper use of additives: Reasonable use of additives can improve egg production rate and eggshell quality. However, at present, the ingredients of various feed additives used in China are quite different, so it is necessary to choose suitable additives according to the situation of chickens and master the reasonable dosage.

operate

First, increase the light. In winter, the day is short and the night is long, which is easy to cause insufficient light and affect the laying of laying hens. Therefore, it is advisable to supplement it with light in the morning and evening, with an average of 3 watts per square meter, to ensure the illumination of 14 ~ 16 hours per day.

Second, the suitable temperature for cold-proof and warm-keeping laying hens is 2 1℃ ~ 23℃. Below this temperature, it will consume more substances and lay fewer eggs. Therefore, the doors and windows should be covered with grass curtains in winter, and heating equipment or plastic film can be used on the ceiling when conditions permit to ensure the temperature required for laying eggs.

Third, careful feeding of winter laying hens should pay special attention to nutritional balance. Besides ensuring the energy and protein feed for laying hens, we should also pay attention to supplementing various vitamins and appropriately increasing chopped carrots and green feed. The feeding time at night can be delayed appropriately. Feed less to ensure that laying hens have enough nutrition.

Fourth, pay attention to drinking water. In winter, laying hens should be given enough warm water on time to ensure the water demand of chickens. It is best to give the chicken garlic water. Garlic can not only strengthen the spleen and stomach, promote appetite and help digestion, but also enhance the disease resistance of laying hens, which has a good preventive effect on chicken plague, cold and intestinal diseases.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Pay attention to ventilation in winter. Most chickens are kept in closed houses with poor ventilation and are vulnerable to harmful gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and mercaptan. It directly affects the health of laying hens and easily causes various diseases, so we should pay attention to the ventilation of chicken houses.

Pay attention to correctly handle the relationship between ventilation and warmth, clean up the feces in time every day, and determine the time to open the window for ventilation according to the wind, so as to reduce the concentration of harmful gases in the house, create a good environment for laying hens and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

Yellow-free egg

Still small balls, small balls, small egg shape. The size of this kind of egg is very different from that of a normal egg, which is only as big as that of a pigeon eggs and a sparrow egg, and is about110 of an ordinary egg. Some eggs are too long or round at first, others are normal and usually lack yolk.

This kind of egg laid by chickens is considered ominous in the countryside. In fact, it is due to foreign bodies such as exfoliated mucosal tissue and small blood clots (caused by follicular bleeding during ovulation);

Worms in the intestine (sometimes migrating up to the fallopian tube occasionally) fall into the fallopian tube, stimulate the protein secretion part of the fallopian tube and uterus, secrete protein and eggshells, and wrap foreign bodies, thus forming yolk-free eggs, which is not a disease but just an accidental coincidence.

Yellow-free eggs are usually small, but small eggs are not necessarily yellow. Sometimes, it is found that some yolk in small eggs is wrapped by protein. This kind of small egg with yolk is because the hen is frightened to fly when the yolk matures and falls off, so that some mature yolk falls into the abdominal cavity.

The other part falls on the fallopian tube, so that a small amount of egg fragments are close to normal eggs, which can stimulate the fallopian tube to secrete protein, thus forming a small egg containing a small amount of yolk. If this rare abnormal egg is laid frequently, it may be due to tubal stenosis or blockage.

Double yolk egg

An egg with two yolks is called a double yellow egg and an egg with three yolks is called a triple yellow egg.

It is very common to lay double yellow eggs. A hen sometimes lays several double yellow eggs in the same nest, but usually only a few hens in the flock can lay double yellow eggs.

San Huang Dan

Three yellow eggs are rare. The reason for this abnormal egg is the abnormal timing function of the ovary (normally, a yolk is released from the ovary every 26 hours).

A hen ovulates two or more eggs at a time or matures too early. After ovulation, they meet in the fallopian tube and are wrapped by protein, forming double yellow eggs or triple yellow eggs.

The rate of double yellow eggs laid by primiparous hens is higher than that of old hens. This is because primiparous hens have strong physique, strong vitality and strong ovulation ability. Premature chicks are also prone to lay a lot of yellow eggs, because the sex organs of chicks are not fully developed and mature, and they cannot completely control normal ovulation.

In addition, if protein is fed too much feed, the development of the egg in the ovary will be outlined, and two or three yolks will fall into the fallopian tube at the same time. Double yellow eggs are bigger than ordinary eggs, which are easy to cause tubal rupture, anal tear, or pecking eggs.

Multi-membrane egg

Generally, the shell membrane has only two layers, but there are also three or four layers. This is because after the first synthesis of the shell membrane, it returns to the secretory part of the shell membrane, and the shell membrane is secreted again, thus forming a multi-membrane egg.

Spotted eggs

After the egg is opened, there is a blood clot on the yolk, which is called a bloodstained egg. This is because the ovarian blood vessels of hens are slightly ruptured, blood flows into eggs, and the yolk is stained with blood. Some of them are hereditary.

If vitamin K is lacking in feed, it will also happen. If it's anal bleeding, there are blood spots on the egg shells. Sometimes egg yolks have blood strains.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-laying hens

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-perverted egg