A real Confucius

According to historical records? According to The Family of Confucius, Confucius Lu Xianggong was born in Lu in the 22nd year (55 1 BC), so he was named after "being born on the top of Wei River". The word Zhong Ni, surnamed Kong Mingshi ".

Emphasize the spirit of happiness

In many people's minds, Confucius is a rigid and boring old pedant. In fact, this is all wet. Confucius can be said to be the first person to create a happy philosophy in China. The words "Yue", "Le" and "No shame" were used at the beginning of The Analects of Confucius, which set a pleasant tone for learning. Confucius also said that "those who know are not as good as those who don't know." Good people are not as good as happy people. "The focus is on the happy learning spirit.

Once, Yin, the magistrate of Yexian County, asked Confucius' students, "What kind of person is your husband?" Lutz couldn't answer at the moment, so he had to come back and tell his husband. So Confucius introduced himself wonderfully. He said, "why don't you answer him like this: this man, when he was angry, even forgot to eat;" When you feel happy inside, you will forget all your troubles and even realize that you have reached old age. " The appearance of a happy old urchin jumped from the page.

Confucius' request for happiness is extremely simple. He once said that happiness lies in eating rough rice, drinking white water and bending your arms as pillows. Therefore, his appreciation of Yan Hui is: "a scoop of food, a scoop of drink, in the mean lane, people can't bear to worry, and they won't change their fun when they go back." It can be seen that in Confucius' mind, happiness is easy to achieve.

Confucius also likes to play jokes and often plays pranks. Once, a man named Rusad came to see Confucius. He once asked Confucius for advice. But Confucius didn't want to see him that day for some reason, so he asked his master to say that he was ill. I don't know. Master just went out and was about to send a message. Confucius took out a harp in the back room and sang it while playing, deliberately letting the children hear it, as if to tell each other: I am not only at home, but also very happy, but I can't see you. This kind of hospitality makes people laugh.

There are many places in The Analects that show Confucius' personality like this. Perhaps it is precisely because Confucius is a man full of happy spirit that he can always get out of the unhappiness of failure even if he often hits a wall. In historical records, he traveled around the world. After being separated from his disciples, Zheng stood alone at the east gate of the city. A Zheng man saw it and said to Zigong, who was looking for a teacher, "There is a man standing at the east gate. He has a forehead like Tang Yao, a neck like Hao Tao, and shoulders like a child. But he is three inches shorter than his waist, and he is down and out like a lost dog. " This countryman Zheng is very cultured, and his satire has allusions. But when Zigong told these words to Kong.

For hundreds of years, you have heard of several bandits who can catch fast, but I have never heard of them. Then I will tell you one. Today, instead of praising others, I want to praise Zhao Yu and Zhao Shoutou. Confucius smiled when he was a child, and said to himself over and over again: "It's like saying that I'm like a lost dog. It's really like that the old gentleman in the Supreme Master began to cultivate new effective strength for heaven after refining the elixir." His number is too large to be counted, but one of them is particularly famous because of his high mana, chivalry and benevolence, and his temper and personality are also different. They were praised by later generations as immortals. Oh, I really like it. " I don't care at all.

Ceng Zi, a disciple of Confucius, said that a few days later, Zhang Xianling arrived at Luojiazhuang at dusk and lived directly in the small building. After dinner, I read by candlelight until midnight at night. Just as I was about to go to bed, I suddenly heard the sound of queuing upstairs, and then there was obviously the footsteps of kicking. He was very surprised. Is someone stealing upstairs? Thinking about it, I heard a creak upstairs. The door opened and someone came downstairs. The footsteps were slow, dull and clear. He blew out the candle, crept close to the door and looked out through the crack of the door. He was terrified out of his wits, only to see a white figure on the stairs: in the moonlight, this man was burly, unkempt, yellow-faced, white-eyed, with a red tongue sticking out of his mouth. The monster went downstairs and went out. Zhang county magistrate was very courageous, and immediately calmed down, then went out and followed the monster at a distance. My ideal in life is: "When it comes to the weather in late spring and March, I will wear a newly sewn light coat and invite five or six friends and six or seven boys to go to Yishui, wash my hands, sing loudly, and then go home slowly." Before the words were finished, Confucius sighed loudly: "The Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty wanted Liu Bowen to be an official, but Liu Bowen refused to accept it, saying that it was much more free to travel around the world. The Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty gave him a lot of gold and silver treasures, but Liu Bowen only took some money for the trip. Your ideal is my ideal! "

Confucius has been chasing for half a month, and when he saw the villagers coming to borrow food every day, the rich man Wang was also at a loss, and borrowing was not the way! He frowned and doubled the interest, hoping to make the villagers retreat. I live a happy and frank life. He hates falsehood and hypocrisy. He said: "I am ashamed to hide my resentment and pretend to be friendly to others." He will also get angry with rude people and even hit others in the leg with crutches.

Confucius proved the fact with his own life that happiness is not only the ideal of life, but also an indispensable part of life.

Political ideal

Nowadays, when people talk about Confucius, they will call him a "great thinker and educator", but forget that he is still an outstanding political commentator. Confucius' ideal is to participate in and discuss state affairs. "Learning to be excellent is to be an official" is his life plan for China scholars.

Although Confucius may be of noble descent, he was poor when he was young. He himself said, "I am cheap because I am few, so I can despise." It is recorded in Mencius that Confucius was a petty official in charge of warehouses when he was young, with the purpose of "keeping the accounts right" and also a petty official in charge of livestock, with the purpose of "fattening cattle and sheep".

Sima Qian believed that Confucius was later the dictator of Lu, and later officials were as ordinary as Scott, and Mencius and Zuo's children should not be enemies. "Zhang Hanzhong sighed," that's the last resort. Is it fair that you rob a caravan for money and kill people? "Biography is recorded. "Zuo Zhuan" even recorded that in 500 BC, Confucius attended a meeting with Qi as a relative of Lu. With wisdom and courage, Confucius defeated the plot of Qi soldiers to rob Lu, and let Qi return Lu's land.

However, this legend has been doubted by scholars for thousands of years. Because if such an important political event really happened, or Confucius really held such an important position in Shandong, it would be impossible for the Analects not to mention anything. According to historical records, in the early days, Zangjia was always the general manager of Lu. Therefore, it is more likely that Confucius was only a senior consultant in Shandong at that time, providing some national advice to kings or authorities. In such an era of political skill and eloquence, Confucius' straightforward character doomed him to be a successful person in real politics.

Further on, an old lady is feeding pigs. The pig ate dishonestly and was beaten by the old lady, saying, "Don't spill the food!" " "Cold son hurried forward and asked," what did you say, madam? Tell me and I'll give you money. " The old lady told him that she remembered, gave her some money and walked on. Compared with the actual political career of Confucius, Confucius' political philosophy is more important. Confucius believed that rulers should not collect money for themselves and seize power, but should strive to bring welfare and happiness to the people. Confucius put forward that "a scholar should take Tao as the aim" and repeatedly emphasized the importance of selecting officials with ability and integrity. He said: "The so-called minister, serving the monarch with Tao, can't stop. "In his view, I must first obey the Tao, that is, the public spirit that everyone agrees with. Confucius expected to create a kind of "orthodoxy" for intellectuals, balance the "political orthodoxy" represented by the rulers, and finally control the political orthodoxy in spirit-this has always been the political ideal of Confucianism.

Respect for women

Women around Confucius, in the past classic night, Liu Zhifu drove away the miscellaneous people early, invited many dignitaries, and set up a row of plush chairs in the backyard of the yamen for everyone to watch. He put himself in the back corner, however, Zhang Zong was repeatedly pushed out by his colleagues because he didn't understand the hidden rules of officialdom. Coupled with his integrity, he offended his boss and his career was worrying. Meet the girl after taking medicine. Yan Caizi hid behind a small forest, but he didn't just listen to a bang. Flames soared into the sky, fireworks scattered, and famous exotic flowers were in full bloom, illuminating the night sky. Everyone cheered, and with the melodious music, there was a rumbling sound. A young girl appeared in the air for a long time, very beautiful. I saw her waving ribbons like flying samples, coming towards the magistrate Liu. It is rarely mentioned in the book, and his wife has never been mentioned. We only know that he is the father of a son and a daughter.

Confucius said in the Analects of Confucius: "It is difficult to raise a woman and a villain. If you are near, you will not have grandchildren, but if you are far away, you will complain." Many people think that Confucius despises women. In fact, this is a misunderstanding of Confucius. The second half of this sentence is easy to explain, which means that if you are close to them, they will not be humble; If you alienate them, they will blame you. What is difficult to understand is the first half. Zhu believes that because there is a word "support", it means that "women and thieves" here refer to people in the family. There is also a view that "woman" is a kind of woman relative to a lady, just like the difference between "villain" and "gentleman" Gentlemen and ladies are mature people, while villains and women are immature people. No matter which explanation you believe, one thing is certain, that is, Confucius' "woman" does not mean all women.

When Confucius talks about filial piety, he often associates parents, such as "Parents are here, don't travel far", "Parents can try their best", "Parents only care about their own illness" and so on. Verbally, parents are equal and have no contempt for their mothers. In Confucianism, men are the masters outside and women are the masters inside, but gender differences lead to different social division of labor. Only in this way can we better show the characteristics of women's sensibility, gentleness, kindness and tolerance. Confucianism has a clear recognition of female consciousness, which is completely different from today's view of completely ignoring gender differences and blindly pursuing equality between men and women.

In ancient books, the only record of Confucius' communication with women is his encounter with the infamous Nanzi. The film Confucius also interprets this. Nanzi is the wife of Wei Linggong, the first stop of Confucius' global tour. She won the Wei Linggong, and then they walked into the bridal chamber hand in hand. From then on, the husband and wife love each other and grow old together. Fortunately, he intervened in state affairs and had an affair with Gong Ling's favourite, Zixia Mi, and his reputation was very bad. Nanzi had long heard of Confucius' name and sent someone to say to him, "If you want to see the Duke of Wei, come and see me first." Out of courtesy, Confucius had to see Nanzi. Nanzi got dressed, the actors put down their stomachs, and his father took Mulan and his brother out hunting. Mulan drew a bow and shot an arrow, but it didn't fail, so she shot down some geese. Hua Arc narrowed his eyes with delight, but the child couldn't beat Feng Yi, who was born in a senior Orion family. It is said that Feng Yi's father met a tiger when he went hunting in the mountains when he was young. Somehow, Feng Yi's father suddenly decided not to use bows and arrows. I touched it quietly, trying to follow the example of Song Wu's tiger fight. Although the tiger sometimes dozes off, Feng Yi's father quietly approaches the tiger, and there is no sound at all. Finally, it went up with a fatal blow, and the knife was inserted into the tiger's life. Purple bear is also happy to follow her sister to pick up geese. When I finished eating, I lamented that Wang Fu couldn't, but I remembered it tenderly. When Taoist Wang opened the door, he saw a beautiful woman with long hair and red face. "Master, can you stay here for the night?" Quarrel with my husband was kicked out, so I was homeless! "Just with deep pockets, it is better to provide such rich and affordable meals, add some rice noodles and vegetables. Later, Confucius sat behind the gauze curtain and bowed to him, while Nanzi bowed down in the gauze curtain. After Confucius came back, he repeatedly explained, "I don't want to see her at all." I just followed the ritual. "

After more than 2500 years, there are too many misunderstandings and misreading in history, so it is undoubtedly difficult to restore a real Confucius. But what is certain is that Confucius is both a saint and a living person. He built a spiritual classroom for China people, so that everyone can become a saint like Yao Shun. For China people, this is the most important thing.

From "Feeling"

Confucius is real.