Translation of Song Lian's Ersan Shishi in classical Chinese

1. How to translate Song Lian's two or three stories

Song Lian once drank with a guest, and the emperor secretly sent someone to investigate.

The next day, the emperor asked Song Lian if he drank yesterday. Who is the visitor? What is the meal? Song Lian answered with the truth. The emperor smiled and said, "That's true. You didn't deceive me."

The emperor asked about the quality of the ministers, and Song Lian only cited those good ministers. The emperor asked him why, and Song Lian replied: "Good ministers make friends with me, so I understand them; those who are not good, (I don't associate with them, so) will not understand them."

The principal, Ru Taisu, wrote a memorial of more than 10,000 words. The emperor was furious and asked the court officials.

Someone pointed to Ru Taisu's memorial and said: "This is disrespectful, and the criticism here is illegal." (The emperor) asked Song Lian, and he replied: "He is just loyal to your majesty. Your majesty is opening up his voice, why?" Can (him) be reprimanded?" Soon after the emperor read Ru Taisu's memorial, there was something worth adopting.

He summoned all the courtiers to reprimand him, so he called out Song Lian's name and said: "(If) there was no Jing Lian, (I) would almost mistakenly blame the person who came to remonstrate.". 2. Translation of the classical Chinese text "Song Lian"

Song Lian once drank with a guest, and the emperor secretly sent someone to investigate.

The next day, the emperor asked Song Lian if he drank yesterday. Who is the visitor? What is food? Song Lian answered everything with facts. The emperor smiled and said, "That's true, don't lie to me."

The emperor occasionally asked about the quality of ministers, and Song Lian only mentioned those good ministers. The emperor asked him why, and Song Lian replied: "Good ministers make friends with me, so I understand them; those who are not good (I don't associate with them, so) cannot understand them."

Principal Officer Ru Taisu wrote a memorial of more than 10,000 words. The emperor was furious and asked the court officials.

Someone pointed to Ru Taisu's memorial and said: "This is disrespectful, and the criticism here is illegal." (The emperor) asked Song Lian, and he replied: "He is just loyal to your majesty. Your majesty is opening up his voice, why?" Can (him) be reprimanded?" Soon after the emperor read Ru Taisu's memorial, there was something worth adopting.

He summoned all the courtiers to rebuke him, so he called out Song Lian's name and said: "(If) there was no Jing Lian, (I) would almost mistakenly blame the person who came to remonstrate.". 3. Translation of Song Lian Zhengzheng's classical Chinese article

Song Lian tried to have a drink with the guests, and the emperor secretly sent people to spy on him. The next day, I asked Song Lian if he drank alcohol yesterday. Who is the guest? What's the food? Lian has the right to be true. He smiled and said, "It's true, I won't bully you." I asked all the ministers whether they were good, but I only praised the good ones. The emperor asked why, and replied: "Those who are good are friends with me, and I know them; those who are not good, I cannot know."

Song Lian once drank with a guest, and Ming Taizu secretly sent someone to check. The next day, he asked Song Lian if he had drank wine yesterday, who were the guests and what they had eaten. Song Lian answered everything factually. Taizu smiled and said, "That's true. You didn't deceive me." A few days later, Taizu summoned Song Lian again and asked about the good and bad qualities of the ministers. Song Lian only answered those good people and good deeds, and said: " I understand decent people who associate with me; I don’t understand those bad people (who don’t associate with me).” 4. Classical Chinese translation of "History of Ming Dynasty. Biography of Song Lian"

The translation is as titled: Song Lian, courtesy name. Jing Lian's ancestors were from Qianxi, Jinhua, and they did not move to Pujiang until Song Lian's generation.

Song Lian was smart and had a strong memory when he was young. He studied under Wenren Mengji and was proficient in the Five Classics. Later he studied under Wu Lai. Soon, he studied under the Jin sect of Liu Guan and Huang Xu. Both of them highly regarded Song Lian and said that they were inferior to him.

During the Zhizheng period of the Yuan Dynasty, Song Lian was recommended to be a Hanlin editor, but he refused to resign because his parents were old, so he went to Longmen Mountain to write books behind closed doors. More than ten years later, Zhu Yuanzhang captured Wuzhou and summoned Song Lian.

At that time, Wuzhou had been renamed Ningyue Prefecture, and the prefect Wang Xianzong was ordered to open a county school, so Song Lian and Ye Yi were hired as teachers of the Five Classics. In March of the next year, due to Li Shanchang's recommendation, Song Lian, Liu Ji, Zhang Yi, and Ye Chen were recruited to Yingtian. They were appointed as Jiangnan Confucian scholars and were ordered to teach the Taizi Jing. Soon they also edited the daily notes.

Song Lian is one year older than Liu Ji. Both of them came from Jiangnan and both have important names. Liu Ji was strong and bold, with a spirit of genius, while Song Lian regarded himself as a Confucian.

Liu Ji made suggestions in the army, while Song Lian was appreciated by Zhu Yuanzhang for his literary talents and served as an advisor to Zhu Yuanzhang. Taizu once called Song Lian to explain the "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Biography". Song Lian commented: "The Spring and Autumn Annals are Confucius's book of praising good and criticizing evil. If you can follow it, rewards and punishments will be just and moderate, and the world will be peaceful!" Taizu Yu Linduan Gate, orally interpret Huang Shigong's "Three Strategies".

Song Lian said: "With the second "Dian" and the third "Mo" in "Shangshu", the great scriptures and Dharma needed by the emperor are already available. I hope you can pay attention to them and explain them clearly." Soon, the court Regarding merit and rewards, Song Lian also said: "To win the world, the basis is to win the hearts of the people.

If the hearts of the people are not solid, what is the use of having a lot of jade and silk wealth?" Taizu thought that what he said was all rational. In March, Song Lian asked to return to his hometown to visit relatives, and Taizu and the prince both expressed their condolences and rewards to him.

Song Lian wrote a letter to express his gratitude and also sent a letter to the prince, encouraging him to be filial and respectful to his friends and to cultivate virtue and career. Taizu was very happy after reading the letter and immediately summoned the prince to tell him the contents of the letter.

Taizu also personally sent a letter of praise and reply to Song Lian, and asked the prince to reply to the letter in return. Later, Song Lian went into mourning because of his father's death. When the mourning period expired, he was ordered to return to Beijing.

In the second year of Hongwu (1369), Taizu issued an edict to compile the "History of the Yuan Dynasty", and Song Lian was appointed as the chief executive. The book was completed in August of that year, and Song Lian was awarded a bachelor's degree from the Hanlin Academy.

In February of the next year, the Confucian scholar Ouyang You and others collected the deeds of the Yuan Dynasty after the Yuan Tong Year and returned to Beijing. Taizu still ordered Song Lian and others to continue revising the "History of the Yuan Dynasty", which was completed more than six months later. Give gold and silk. That month, Song Lian was impeached for making mistakes in the previous court and was demoted to editor.

In the fourth year, he was promoted to the Imperial Academy. He was convicted of failing to verify Confucius's rites in time and was demoted to the county magistrate of Anyuan. He was soon recalled and appointed as the head of the Ministry of Rites. In the second year, he was promoted to a doctor of praise.

At this time, Taizu paid great attention to civil affairs and recruited dozens of Confucian scholars from all over the world, including Zhang Wei, and selected some of the young and talented ones, promoted them to editors, and let them enter the Wenhua Hall in the palace to study. Song Lian is the teacher. Song Lian has served as the prince's tutor for more than ten years. Song Lian will use etiquette to persuade the prince's every word and deed to return him to the right path; as for matters concerning politics and religion and the rise and fall of previous dynasties, Song Lian will definitely hand over his hands and say: "It should be like this, and It shouldn't be like that."

Whenever this happens, the crown prince accepts it very seriously and humbly, and always calls Song Lianyan his master. When Taizu cut the talisman to confer meritorious officials, he summoned Song Lian to discuss how to confer the fifth-level title.

Song Lian lived in Dabentang and stayed up all night, citing precedents from the Han and Tang Dynasties, and selected the applicable parts to report to the emperor. Later, when heaven repeatedly dropped nectar, Taizu asked if it meant disaster or auspiciousness. Song Lian replied: "The emperor does not receive orders from heaven, but from men. The basis of virtue is not auspiciousness, but benevolence and righteousness. < /p>

"Spring and Autumn" only records disasters and misfortunes, but does not write about auspiciousness. This is the reason. "Taizu's cousin Zhu Wenzheng was convicted. Song Lian said: "Wenzheng deserves death, but please forgive him. He is your relative, so it would be better to send him to a distant place."

When Taizu went to Fangqiu to offer sacrifices, he felt uneasy. Song Lian said calmly: "The best way to nourish your heart is to have few desires and be able to choose good things. Okay, then you can have a peaceful mind and a safe body." After hearing this, Taizu praised him repeatedly.

Taizu often asked Song Lian about the study of emperors and which books were most worth reading. Song Lian recommended the book "Extensions of the Great Learning", and Taizu ordered the contents of this book to be engraved in large characters on On the corridor walls on both sides of the main hall. Soon Taizu came to the West Corridor in person, and all the ministers were also present. Taizu picked out a section of Sima Qian's discussion of Huang and Lao's studies in "Yan Yi" and asked Song Lian to analyze it.

After Song Lian finished speaking, Taizu said: "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty indulged in the absurd theory of skills and changed the frugal style of Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty. The people were exhausted, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty still wanted to use severe torture. To supervise. If the ruler can govern the people with benevolence and righteousness, then heresies will not spread, and if the people are governed by schools, chaos will not occur, so punishment is not a priority.

"

Taizu also asked about the fate of the country and the size of its borders in the three generations. Song Lian gave detailed answers and said: "The three generations all ruled the world with benevolence and righteousness, so the fate of the country lasted for a long time. Zhu Yuanzhang asked again: "Three generations ago, what books did people read?" Song Lian replied, "In ancient times, there were no books, and no one specialized in teaching knowledge. The monarch not only governed the people, but also had the responsibility of education. He set an example, and the people naturally received education." "

Song Lian was once ordered to compose a poem in praise of the eagle, which must be completed within seven steps. His poem contained the words "Since ancient times, we have been avoiding bird shortages." Taizu said happily: "This is very good advice. ah! "Song Lian followed Zhu Yuanzhang and was always loyal. These are all examples. In July of the sixth year, Song Lian was promoted to a bachelor's degree, responsible for drafting imperial edicts, studying national history, and praising good officials.

He was ordered to communicate with Zhan At the same time, Le Shaofeng revised the calendar and compiled the Baoxun with Wu Bozong and others. In September, Taizu appointed Song Lian as the official of Zhongshun, and wanted him to handle political affairs. He declined: "I have no other talents, as long as I can serve the emperor nearby, I am satisfied. " Taizu valued him more and more.

In September of the eighth year of Hongwu, Song Lian followed the prince and the four kings of Qin, Jin, Chu, and Jingjiang to Zhongdu to lecture on martial arts. Taizu obtained the map "Haoliang Ancient Sites" The prince sent someone to give it to the prince, and wrote an inscription outside the map, ordering Song Lian to visit and explain it everywhere.

The prince showed the map to Song Lian, who explained it one by one and persuaded him accordingly. The role of admonition and warning. Song Lian has a sincere and cautious temperament. 5. Song Lian loves to learn classical Chinese translation.

I loved studying when I was young.

Because my family was poor, I could not buy books. I asked the book collector to borrow it, copied it by hand, and agreed to return it on a date. When the weather was extremely cold, the water in the inkstone froze and my fingers could not bend or stretch.

After I finished copying, I hurried on. I didn't dare to return the book beyond the agreed time limit. Therefore, most people were willing to lend me the book, so I was able to read many books.

When I reached adulthood, I admired the teachings of the sages more and more, but I was worried that I would not be able to read them. He interacted with learned teachers and celebrities, and went hundreds of miles away to seek advice from his fellow villagers with scriptures in hand. The elders had high moral standards and great reputations, and his rooms were filled with disciples. His words and attitudes never failed. Tactful.

I stood by his side, asking questions, asking questions, and asking him for advice. Sometimes when he scolded me, my expression would be more respectful and polite, and I would not dare to answer. In a word; when he was happy, I asked him for advice again, so although I was stupid, I finally learned a lot. 6. Translation of "History of Ming Dynasty. Song Lian's Biography"

Translation: Song Lian once drank with a guest. , the emperor secretly sent someone to investigate.

The emperor asked Song Lian if he had been drinking yesterday and what he had eaten. The emperor laughed. He said: "That's true, you didn't lie to me. "

The emperor secretly summoned (Song Lian) and asked about the good and bad ministers. Song Lian only cited those good ministers. The emperor asked him why, and Song Lian replied: "I only make peace with good ministers. Make friends, so I understand them; those who are bad, (I don’t associate with them, so) don’t understand them. "

At this time, the chief officer Ru Taisu wrote a memorial with more than ten thousand words. The emperor was furious and asked the court officials.

Someone pointed to Ru Taisu's memorial and said: "This is disrespectful. , the criticism here is illegal. "(The Emperor) asked Song Lian, and he replied: "He is just loyal to His Majesty. Your Majesty is speaking freely and there is no crime that can be punished seriously. "

Soon the emperor read Ru Taisu's memorial and found that there was something worthy of adoption. He summoned the courtiers to rebuke him, and then he called Song Lian by name and said: "(If) there is no Jing Lian, (I ) will wrongly blame the person who made the remonstrance. "

Original text: Song Lian tried to drink with a guest, and the emperor secretly sent someone to investigate. The next day, he asked Lian if he drank yesterday? Who is the guest? What is the food? Lian responded with truth.

< p> He smiled and said: "It is true that you will not deceive me. "I asked all the ministers if Zang was good, but I only pointed out the good ones.

The emperor asked him why, and he said: "The good ones are friends with me, and I know them; I can't know the bad ones. "The principal, Ru Taisu, wrote a letter of more than ten thousand words.

The emperor was angry and asked the court officials. Or referring to his letter, he said, "This is disrespectful and this slander is illegal.

"

Asking Lian, he replied: "He is loyal to your majesty, and your majesty opens the way for his words. He is a serious sin. "Then the emperor read his books, and found some that were valuable.

He summoned the courtiers to question him, and because of the word "Lian" he said: "Wei Jing Lian, who made some mistakes in his words." "

Extended information: Song Lian (1310-1381), named Jinglian, nicknamed Qianxi, aliases: Xuanzhenzi, Xuanzhen Taoist, Xuanzhen Dunsou.

Pujiang ( He was born in Pujiang, Zhejiang Province in the early Ming Dynasty and was a writer in the early Ming Dynasty. He came from a poor family, but he was eager to learn from a young age. He studied under Wu Lai and Liu Guanhuang, the masters of ancient literature in the late Yuan Dynasty.

He studied hard throughout his life. Until he is old, he has not read a book for a day, and he knows everything about learning." At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Emperor Yuan Shun once called him to edit and edit the Hanlin Academy. On the grounds of supporting his parents, he refused to leave and practiced Taoism and writing books.

In the 20th year of Zhizheng (1360), he, together with Liu Ji, Zhang Yi and Ye Chen, were appointed by Zhu Yuanzhang as the master of "Five Classics". At the beginning of Hongwu period, he majored in "Yuan History" and became a bachelor. Made.

Later, he was exiled to Maozhou and died of illness midway. His works include "Collected Works of Scholars of the Song Dynasty", "New Theory of Filial Piety", "Preface to Ma Sheng of Dongyang", etc.

< p> When Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in the early Ming Dynasty, Song Lian took up the post of Jiangnan Confucian scholar and lectured on the Confucian classics for the prince (Zhu Biao). In the second year of Hongwu (1369), he was ordered to major in "Yuan History".

After becoming an official, he went to Hanlin Academy. In the tenth year of Hongwu (1377), he resigned and returned to his hometown. Later, because his eldest grandson Song Shen was implicated in Hu Weiyong's party case, his family was exiled to Maozhou (now Mao, Sichuan Province). Wenqiang Autonomous County), died of illness on the way to Kuizhou (now Fengjie County, Chongqing) 7. Song Lian's classical Chinese translation of "Puyang Characters"

There is no vernacular translation of this book yet, and it is estimated that there will be no vernacular translation in the future. .

Volume 2 of "Puyang Characters" (collected by Fan Maozhu's Tianyi Pavilion in Zhejiang), written by Lian of the Ming and Song Dynasties, has been recorded in "Hongwu Shengzheng Ji". "Loyalty" is called "Xiaoyou", which is called "Zhengshi", which is called "Literature", which is called "Chastity".

Lian has "Hongwu Shengzheng Ji", which has been recorded in the fifth volume of the book, called "Zhongyi". ", "Filial Friends", "Political Affairs", "Literature", "Chastity", there are twenty-nine people recorded, and an article "Inscriptions of Jinshi" is attached to the "Xu of Ouyang Yuan". Gai Lian is famous for his articles, so all his works were written in the Yuan Dynasty. Later generations who edited Lian's collection will only record his comments and praises. , but the whole book is still different. This version was reprinted by Wang Zhen of Liyang in the Ming Dynasty. There is a postscript written by Lian at the end of the volume, which is said to be the first draft. However, Lian Hou Jingyuan suddenly published it, and there are many contradictions in it. There are more than 50 chapters, which are regarded as small wins. The final title was not collected until the 13th year of the Zheng Dynasty. It was written in the Yuan Dynasty by Lian, and most of the collections have not been published yet. The remaining texts can be mutually verified. 8. The translation of Song Lian’s theory of human tiger is urgently needed

The theory of human tiger·(Ming Dynasty) Song Lian’s theory of human tiger·(Ming Dynasty) There is a road under the Hushan Mountain in Putian of Song Dynasty that leads to the sea[1] In the late spring of Zhengding [2], the people wore tiger skins and forged sharp iron into their claws [3]. They were accustomed to the spirit of leaping and leaping, and they were like no other. , causing the detective to look at the tree [4]. If someone comes with a bag, he will roar and believe it, and the tiger will leap out, strangle him and kill him [5].

It may be that the flesh is in the shape of a bite[6]; especially if the capsule is cracked and the contents are pulled out, the remaining remains remain sealed, leaving no room for suspicion. It is said that there is a tiger at the foot of Hushan Mountain that does not eat people, but only sucks their blood and makes them look like gods.

That's it, the people came out occasionally, and their wives guarded the cave. Hearing the urgent sound of gurgling on the tree, he knew there must be something heavy, so he covered it up and fought for it.

Women are fragile and soft, and the traffickers have to resist. The woman is afraid and escapes.

The soles of his feet are slightly visible [7], and they are human beings. Go back to your neighbors and drive them away noisily.

Arriving at the acupuncture point, the money and silk obtained were useless, but the people fled. Alas! The world is full of people and tigers, how can we be alone among the people! Note: This article is selected from Volume 17 of "The Complete Works of Song Wenxian Gong".

The author recorded this short story about a man who disguised himself as a tiger to kill people and make money but was eventually exposed. He expressed the author’s hatred for all kinds of human-tiger characters and predicted that their tricks would eventually come true. If it is exposed, it will eventually be revealed to the world. Notes: [1] Putian: Today's Putian, Fujian.

Hushan: Hugong Mountain is located twenty miles south of Putian City. [2] By the end of Zhengding: Emperor Shun of Yuan Dynasty was in the 27th year of Zhengzheng (1367).

[3] Forging: Same as "forging".

[4] Yuanmu: Climb the tree.

[5]Hang (hāng) throat. [6]蔔(luán): cut into pieces.

bite (shì nèi): bite. [7]Zhi (zhí): Same as "Zhi", the sole of the foot. 9. (He is sincere and sincere. He has been in the imperial court for a long time and has never criticized anyone.

"He is loyal to His Majesty. If a guest asks him about taboo topics during the conversation, this is not just for a gentleman." Style, and then the gentleman, Song Lian replied, causing Zhu Yuanzhang to get furious: "I heard that the first class of people are saints." Wuduoxin: "That's right. Song Lian only listed those people with good character to report. His words and deeds were consistent from beginning to end, which was not in line with the law. So he asked the ministers how to deal with Ru Taisu. He never discussed a person's shortcomings behind his back. Song Lian's character is more honest and cautious, and he has never told a lie."

Zhu Yuanzhang sometimes called Song Lian over and expressed his unwillingness to talk about it: "If Song Jinglian didn't work for me. In the 19th year, Zhu Yuanzhang read this memorial. Once he was drinking with his guests. So Zhu Yuanzhang praised Song Lian in the court and reprimanded them. Those who dared to speak out were punished, what guests were invited, and what kind of food they had eaten. He was an official in the inner court for a long time. "The next day." He also asked Song Lian for his opinions, and felt that there were some opinions worthy of being adopted, and he could be called a sage. So Zhu Yuanzhang summoned all the ministers, so I understood that they were slandering Your Majesty. "After a while, someone pointed at him. The memorial he signed said that his residence name was "Wen Shu", and ministers who dared to speak out like this should not be severely punished. Now that His Majesty had just spoken out, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang secretly sent people to investigate his actions and asked him what the ministers had been doing recently. The director, Ru Taisu, wrote a memorial of more than 10,000 words about their merits and demerits. " Once, so I couldn't understand them, he pointed them out to the guests, and I didn't agree with them. and those with bad conduct: "Those with good conduct are dating me. Zhu Yuanzhang asked Song Lian if he had drunk yesterday. It seems that you did not deceive me. Zhu Yuanzhang smiled with satisfaction and said that he has never accused others of their faults behind their backs< /p>