Read the following materials and answer the following questions. On the vast grassland, deer are grazing freely, while people are doing it on the carpet-soft grass.

① Various factors affecting biological life in the environment are divided into abiotic factors and biological factors. Abiotic factors include light, temperature, water, air, soil, etc. Biological factors Other organisms that affect biological life in the environment include intraspecific and interspecific relationships.

According to the concept and stem, describe the suitable temperature, light, humidity, air, soil, etc. Make the green grass grow luxuriantly. Therefore, abiotic factors affecting the survival of grass are: temperature, light, moisture, air, soil and so on.

Deer are grazing freely, and grasslands are destroyed by excessive human resources development. So the biological factors that affect the survival of grass are deer and human beings.

(2) Measures to protect grassland ecosystem On the premise of respecting grassland ecological laws, protect pasture and other organisms in grassland ecosystem and develop grassland undertakings. Excessive exploitation of a large number of deer or human beings in materials will affect the growth of grass, so the measures to maintain the ecological balance of grassland ecosystem are: protecting vegetation, moderately grazing and developing grassland undertakings, all of which are measures to protect grassland ecosystem.

So, the answers are: ① biology; Abiotic; Deer, humans, etc.

② Protect vegetation, graze moderately and develop grassland.