What are the basic laws in biology?

From 65438 to 0859, Darwin, a British biologist and the founder of the theory of biological evolution, put forward the theory of natural selection of biological evolution in his masterpiece The Origin of Species. The main point of this theory is that the individuals in the group have different characteristics, and these individuals have different adaptability to their environment; Due to the limited space and food, there is competition for survival among individuals. As a result, individuals with favorable traits can survive and pass them on to future generations through reproduction, while individuals with unfavorable traits are gradually eliminated (Darwin called this process of survival of the fittest in natural selection); Due to the long-term effect of natural selection, the same species distributed in different regions may have differences in characters, which may lead to the formation of new species.