Seedling raising is very important. What are the seedling raising methods of pepper seedlings?

Pepper has a long history of cultivation in China and has become one of the main sources of local farmers in many areas. Seedling raising is one of the key technical means of pepper planting. Today, we are going to talk about the seedling raising method of pepper. According to the different heating facilities used in the seedling raising process, the seedling raising methods of pepper can be divided into hotbed seedling raising, sunshine bed seedling raising, greenhouse seedling raising and plastic small arch shed seedling raising.

First, hotbed seedling raising

At present, pepper seedlings are mostly cultivated in electric hotbeds. Its principle is to heat the soil by converting electric energy into heat energy, thus providing suitable conditions for the germination and seedling development of pepper.

Electric hotbeds are generally located in greenhouses in the north, extending from east to west, with a bed width of 1.2~ 1.5 m; The south is mostly located in plastic greenhouses, extending from north to south. Usually, according to the hotbed area on the ground, a ridge of soil with a height of 15~20㎝ is cultivated around it, and then the ground can be leveled with a shovel after being covered. Spread 5~ 10㎝ thick insulation layer (rice husk or slag) on the leveled edge. After the insulation layer is firmly laid, spread 2~3㎝ thick fine soil, and then spread electric heating wires on it.

Second, Yang bed (cold bed) seedling raising

Seedling raising in cold bed mainly depends on sunshine, and there are no other artificial warming facilities. The greenhouse must be built before the local soil freezes in early winter. Choose a place with high terrain, sunny leeward and close to the water source as the boundary. The sunny border faces south and is set horizontally from east to west. The boundary is 1.5m wide and 10 ~ 20m long. If the fog is heavy in winter morning, the straw cover should not be put until 8~9 am, and the seedbed should be 5℃ ~10℃ to the south and west; In areas with less fog and strong northwest wind in the morning, the seedbed is best to be slightly east-south

Water the border the day before it is made, and dig the bottom frame the next day after watering. The order of the pedestal is the north frame, then the east and west sides, and finally the south side.

North frame: 40~50㎝ high, 30~40㎝ wide at the bottom and15 ~ 20 ㎝ at the top;

South frame: the height is 20~30㎝, the frame bottom is 30~40㎝, and the frame top is about 25㎝;

East and west frames: low in the south and high in the north, closely connected with the south and north frames, with the same thickness as the south frame.

After the frame is basically dry, stick a wind wall on the outside of the north frame.

Before sowing, the soil in the border should be turned over deeply, and the soil should be turned over from the south half border to the north half border, and the soil should be piled into an inclined plane, which is conducive to the full sunlight to the soil and improve the ground temperature. About 20 days before sowing, open the sunny plastic film to dry the soil, and cover the mat at night to keep warm. Before sowing, spread the decomposed organic fertilizer with a thickness of about 10㎝ on the border and mix it with the topsoil evenly. Then level the border, change the film, heat the baking ground and wait for sowing. ?

Third, greenhouse seedling raising

There are many kinds of greenhouse seedlings, which can be divided into glass greenhouse and plastic greenhouse according to the different lighting materials on the roof. According to heating, it can be divided into heating greenhouse and sunlight greenhouse. Plastic film greenhouse is widely used in practical seedling raising.

The plastic film greenhouse has a thick earth wall or brick wall, which can fully light and keep warm closely. Whether it is used for seedling raising or vegetable production, the effect is very good. If there are heating facilities, it is safer to control the temperature to raise seedlings. The concrete method is to make a frame in the greenhouse in the east-west direction, with a width of about1.2m and a depth of about 15㎝. After leveling the surface, the border surface can be fertilized to prepare nutrient soil or put into the seedling tray.

Seedling raising in plastic small arch shed.

Plastic small arch shed seedlings are composed of plastic film and bamboo poles, which is very convenient to apply. Generally, the height of small arch shed is 0.5~ 1 m, the width is 1~ 1.2 m, and its length can be determined according to the terrain and the number of seedlings.

Because of the poor thermal insulation effect and low temperature of plastic small arch shed, double-layer or multi-layer plastic film can be used to prevent freezing and raise temperature. If it is a multi-layer plastic film, it is necessary to keep a certain distance between the two films to prevent air convection and form an insulation layer to achieve good insulation effect. Cover the grass to keep warm at night.

Before sowing, the soil should be prepared in advance, thoroughly turned over, decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied, soil and fertilizer should be mixed evenly, and the border should be leveled to prepare for sowing. ?

The above is the seedling raising method of pepper, from which we can see that no matter which seedling raising method is adopted, the basic principle is to promote seed germination by raising the temperature and provide a suitable growth environment for seedling growth, which should be used flexibly according to the different climate and cultivation methods.