Main types of Buyi opera

There are three types of Buyi opera repertoire, namely traditional repertoire, transplanted repertoire and modern repertoire. Traditional repertoire includes repertoires based on "Mo Gong" sutras, ancient songs, Nuo ritual stories, raps, folk legends, folk myths, etc. His representative plays include "March 3", "June 6", "Wang Yulian", "Zhang Fengwen", "Luo Xixing", "Luo Hexin", "Three Hiring Village Girls", "Man and Money Lost" , "A Woman Marries Multiple Husbands", "The Golden Cat and the Precious Ladle", "Seeing the Harms of Prostitution", "Four Marriages", "Straw Shoes", "Three Kings Fighting Birds", "Feng Xiang's Horse Must Win" , "Poor Guy" and so on. The plays and lyrics of this type of play are all in the Buyi language, which has the most ethnic characteristics.

Most of the transplanted repertoires come from historical stories and songs of the Han nationality, as well as transplanted repertoires from other opera types. Representative plays include "Qin Xianglian", "Chen Shimei Denies His Ex-Wife", "Zhu Yingtai", "Xue Rengui's Conquest to the East", "Xue Dingshan's Conquest to the West", "Second Journey to the Southern Tang Dynasty", "General of the Yang Family", "Shuo Yue Zhuan" , "Mu Guiying", "Fan Lihua", "Yutangchun", "King Wu Xian making lanterns", "Wang Xiang lying on the ice", "Dong Yong sold his body to bury his mother", etc. After a long period of artistic practice, the above-mentioned transplanted repertoire has become increasingly perfect. The storyline, character traits and relationships between the characters are all related to the regional environment and life customs of the Buyi people, thus forming a transplanted repertoire with national characteristics. In addition to reflecting the heroic struggles of the Buyi people, Buyi operas also have a large proportion of content showing men and women striving for marriage and independently pursuing love and happiness. Among them, the representative ones are "Luo Xixing", "Luo Hexin" and "Hongkang Jin".

After liberation, in order to better reflect the new era of socialism, the representative plays of Buyi Opera include "Glorious Enlistment", "Only One Child", "Family Planning Is a National Policy", and "Good Wife" , "Luo Xixing", "Golden Bamboo Love", etc. ("Luo Xixing" was revised and renamed "Jianhui" by Jian Xianai, the former director of the Cultural Bureau of Guizhou Province. Later, it was changed to "Luo Xixing" when it participated in the first provincial industrial and agricultural literary and art performance in 1984. ) Modern plays have played a very good role in promoting the principles and policies of the Communist Party of China, introducing science and technology, and broadening the horizons of villagers in the ethnic minority areas of Guizhou Province. This type of play has rich themes, vivid metaphors, witty language and distinctive characters. It extensively covers all areas of the Buyi people's social life, distinguishing right from wrong and being fair in praise and criticism. It creates an ideal and revered character image of the Buyi people and reflects the good wishes and aesthetic taste of the Buyi people. These are the source of wisdom for the creation of Buyi opera and the precious cultural resources of the Buyi people.

The above two types of plays are performed in "bilingual", such as the "introduction", "setting poem", "self-introduction" before the performance of the main play, etc. and when expressing the "prescribed situation" in the play , all speak Chinese, but the lyrical singing, dialogue lines, and gags are all in Buyi language.

This "bilingual" art form that pays equal attention to performance, dance and singing has gradually formed a fixed model of transplanted operas, which fully demonstrates the rich national artistic characteristics and artistic characteristics in transplanted operas.

Buyi opera is influenced by Zhuang opera, but through the development and innovation of Buyi opera artists for more than a hundred years, the singing and performance methods have become the distinctive national characteristics of the Buyi people. The form of Buyi Opera is also related to the Duangong Opera of Han culture and the Miao Duangong Dance. The Duangong dance of the Han people and the Duangong dance of the Miao people are both a form of Nuo opera that evolved from Nuo singing and dancing rituals. Although Nuo is closely related to primitive religion, once it becomes a form of folk drama, it has the purpose of entertaining people. Therefore, the performance repertoire is mostly based on folk raps and narrative songs. The performances are also divided into roles, including singing, dancing, There is musical accompaniment. Duangong dance among the Han and Miao people was very popular during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. The Buyi people who live together with the Miao people naturally absorb it and become an integral part of the Buyi folk culture, that is, they use the Buyi language, songs, dances, music, and percussion to dance Duangong.

In the mid-1980s, Lin Yong and Po Sheng had two Duangong troupes, and their performances fell into this category. When the feudal rulers of the Qing Dynasty banned Duangong Opera, they also banned the performance of Buyi Opera, which was developed from Duangong Opera. This is a clear proof.