Lu Xun's "Hometown" lecture notes for the first volume of ninth grade

Lecture Notes on "Hometown"

1. Description and analysis of teaching materials:

1. Content, status and function of teaching materials:

This text is the first lesson of the second unit of the fifth volume of junior middle school Chinese. The teaching content of this lesson is the content of the second lesson, focusing on the use of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques. As a famous short story by Lu Xun, this article has the writing ideas of "starting, continuing, transferring, and combining" in the training of writing thinking. As a model work of short stories, the textbook first requires students to further master the relevant aspects of the novel. Knowledge and simple appreciation analysis of novels, learn and strive to master the appreciation principles of inferring the theme of novels from character analysis, and then through the study of the following lessons, build the basic framework of novel appreciation, possess the basic ability of novel appreciation, and prepare for future study and appreciation , and even lay a solid foundation for writing novels. Secondly, the techniques of "repetition" and "contrast" are used many times in this novel. Mastering these two techniques will definitely play a positive role in improving students' composition writing ability. Its teaching content, status and role can be illustrated as follows:

2. Teaching objectives:

Knowledge objectives: ● Understand and master the basic knowledge of novels.

●Clear how the author uses "repetition" and "contrast" techniques to depict characters and present themes

Ability goals: ●Master the details, movements, language, and appearance , psychological and other descriptions to analyze the character characteristics and infer the appreciation method of the article theme.

● Able to simulate the use of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques in writing.

Emotional goals: ● Understand the complex emotions of characters.

● Cherish your new life and establish the determination and confidence to strive for lofty ideals.

3. Teaching focus and difficulty:

Focus: ●Characteristics of characters and the reasons for their formation.

●Analysis on the application of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques.

Difficulties: ●Thinking training from analyzing characters to improving themes.

● The application of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques in actual writing.

2. Description of teaching methods:

A major drawback of modern Chinese teaching is that the overall teaching is divided into section teaching, insufficient use of selected texts in teaching materials, explanation of texts and writing teaching The combination is not tight or improper, or even completely separated. The analysis of the writing of the text is superficial, that is, using simple and patterned language to summarize, habitually summarizing the writing characteristics (usually adding some examples and analysis) and then ending hastily. This pair of There is not much substantial help in improving students' writing skills. So I hope to improve students' writing ability through a lot of writing training. There are so many essays of all kinds, I think this is a waste of time and insufficient use of teaching materials. In this class, I will try my best to show students a more detailed Analysis of the use of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques allows students to master the use of these two techniques through observation, thinking, simulating fragment operations, and improving several steps. In order to achieve the goal of the lesson plan, I completed the teaching tasks in two classes on the basis of students familiarizing themselves with the text, carefully previewing, and clearing vocabulary obstacles. In the first lesson, simply recall the author, focusing on completing text content analysis and character analysis; in the second lesson, simply recall the key points taught in the first lesson, focusing on completing writing analysis and writing fragment training. In the teaching process, we insist on cultivating students' practical abilities as the goal, focusing on students' thinking operations, using heuristic teaching methods, inspiration induction methods, intuitive teaching methods and operational training methods, and focusing on teacher demonstration. During the teaching process of this class, I will focus on showing you the teaching process of the second class.

3. Study method instructions:

Before studying the teaching content of this class, students must carefully preview the text and be very familiar with the text content. Pay attention to careful observation during the learning process and actively Think, pay attention to absorption, reference, imitation and self-evaluation. Learn according to the steps of "Listening-Seeing-Thinking-Writing-Thinking-Writing".

4. Programming instructions:

In the teaching of this lesson, the analysis will be carried out around the use of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques. According to "Recall old knowledge—— Teaching is based on the idea of ????explaining knowledge points - exemplifying knowledge points - analyzing knowledge points - applying knowledge points. The following is a simple analysis:

1. Recall old knowledge and introduce new lessons:

In the previous class, we briefly recalled Lu Xun and the basic knowledge of the novel I have a general understanding of the content and appreciation methods, and a relatively comprehensive grasp of the content and characters of "Hometown". Now let us briefly recall.

Question 1: The Lu Xun I know. (Slideshow)

Question 2: What is a novel? What should we pay attention to when appreciating novels? (Slideshow)

Novel is a self-sufficient text that uses loose articles to write the illusion of virtual life. Language Arts. Appreciating novels should adopt the pyramid structure analysis method. As shown in the picture:

2. Point out the learning objectives and key points and enter the new lesson.

In this lesson we will analyze the writing method of the text. The biggest feature of this text writing is the extensive use of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques. So, what are "repetition" and "contrast" "? What are the benefits and precautions of using "repetition" and "contrast"? In the following learning process, let us discuss these issues together. In this lesson, we will focus on analyzing the use of repetition and contrast techniques, and strive to give everyone a clearer understanding of repetition and contrast through analysis, and can use it in future writing practice. Let us work together to achieve this goal and complete the following learning content.

2. Explain the meaning of "repetition" and "contrast". (Students are not required to memorize it)

Repetition: in the writing process, select those article elements that are the same, similar, and similar to your own writing theme, the theme information, nature, meaning, and sentiment of your writing theme and article intention. Planning, structure, paragraph construction, sentence construction, and writing techniques to enhance the effect of expression.

Contrast: In the writing process, you choose those article factors that are opposite, opposite, and contradictory to your own writing theme and the theme information, nature, meaning, and mood of your article to plan, structure, and structure it. Paragraphs, sentences, and writing techniques to enhance the effect of expression.

3. Example analysis: (Aimed to give students a clearer understanding of repetition and comparison techniques.)

(1) Examples of "Tian Jing Sha? Autumn Thoughts".

The sky is pure and sandy? Autumn thoughts

Ma Zhiyuan

Withered vines and old trees, dim crows,

Small bridges and flowing water, people’s houses,

The ancient road is westerly and the horse is thin.

The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world.

(Explanation: We can hardly find the grammatical structure in this Yuanqu Xiaoling, but due to the clever use of repetition and contrast, it has become an eternal masterpiece. The first sentence uses the same three sentiments and Material objects with different images: "withered vines, old trees, faint crows". The wonderful use of repetition techniques renders a rich feeling of life - desolation, despair, and death. Then the contrast technique is used to show a bright look. , fresh and warm picture - "small bridge, flowing water, people." It forms a strong visual contrast and aesthetic feeling, making the former more lonely and the latter more warm. The latter two sentences also use repetition to make the solemn, desolate and desolate. The lonely and desolate feeling of life is vividly expressed)

(2) Let’s look at the artistic effect achieved through the use of “repetition” at the beginning of Autumn in the Old Capital:

Autumn, no matter where it is. Autumn is always good anywhere, but autumn in the North is particularly clear, quiet and desolate. The reason why I traveled thousands of miles from Hangzhou to catch up with Qingdao, and even more so from Qingdao to Peking, was just to enjoy the "autumn" and the autumn flavor of my old capital.

(Explanation: "Autumn, no matter where it is, is always good;" is a repetition, exaggeration, and emphasis on autumn. The second and third sentences go a step further and write The "flavor of autumn" in the old capital is particularly beautiful, which is an exaggeration and repetition of the central idea of ??the article. "But autumn in the North is particularly clear, quiet and sad.

"The three "comes" are typical examples of parallelism, exaggeration, and repetition. "I traveled thousands of miles from Hangzhou to catch up with Qingdao, and even more from Qingdao to catch up with Peking. The reason why I came here is just to have a full taste of this "autumn" , the autumn flavor of this old capital. "Here, what the author wants to express is that the reason why "I" traveled all the way to Peking is to enjoy the autumn atmosphere of my hometown. The author still uses repetition and exaggeration to divide one "rush" into two "rush". "", exaggerating the hardships of the journey to create a contrast and highlight the attachment and fascination for the autumn of the old capital. "I just want to taste this "autumn" and the autumn flavor of the old capital. "Dividing the word "autumn" into two parts is to exaggerate and strengthen the impression of autumn.)

There are many such repetitions and contrasts in "Hometown". Let's look at the first four natural paragraphs first. .

I braved the severe cold to return to my hometown, which was more than 2,000 miles away and I had not seen it for more than 20 years.

Since it was late winter, the weather changed as I approached my hometown. It was gloomy again, and the cold wind blew into the cabin, making a whistling sound. Looking out from the gap, I saw several desolate villages far and near under the pale yellow sky, and I couldn't help but feel sad. p>

Ah! Isn’t this the hometown I remember from time to time?

It’s not the hometown I remember. My hometown is much better, but I have to remember its beauty. , but there were no images or words to describe his good qualities. So I explained to myself: This is also the case in my hometown - although there is no progress, it may not be as sad as I feel. It’s just a change in my own mood, because I was not in a good mood when I returned to my hometown this time.

Question 3: What are the first three paragraphs about?

First paragraph: The passionate feeling of longing for my hometown.

The second paragraph: exaggerating the desolation, desolation and desolation of my hometown and my own sad mood.

The third paragraph: a kind of surprise. , behind this are the beautiful memories and impressions of my hometown, a repetition of the second natural paragraph

Question 4: "What did I see when I first arrived in my hometown? What did I remember?" (Teacher Demonstration Analysis. The first part of the chart contains one example of repetition and comparison, and the remaining part is completed by students independently)

Question 5: Try to select materials from the text to analyze "repetition" and "repetition" according to the analysis method just mentioned. The use of "contrast" techniques (teachers provide targeted guidance based on students' situations) (aims to allow students to independently experience and understand repetition and comparison techniques.)

Question 6: Everyone understands "Through the analysis just now, The use of "repetition" and "contrast" techniques in the writing process of "Hometown" and its huge expression effect. Let's look at the following example: (Aimed at further understanding and improvement through independent analysis by students. Analysis omitted) :

Great Wall, Great Wall! You are so beautiful, so beautiful, so beautiful. (Is this what we call "repetition"?)

(No, repetition. It is not a simple negative identity representation of language, but a representation of the elements of the article that are the same, similar, and similar to the theme information, nature, meaning, and mood of your own writing theme and article intention.

Rich Press). Turning the switch, the chandelier on the ceiling turned on; the prison also turned the switch, and electric current passed through the worker's body. The rich man yawned and lay down on the chair to sleep; the worker twitched and lay down. Dead on the ground.

(The repetition of structure and objects, and the contrast of content, environment, and characters highlight the theme and have a strong artistic impact. It can be seen that "contrast" is the difference, opposite and opposition of material properties, and it should serve the whole. Xiaoqiaoliushuirenjia has its strong artistic charm only in "Autumn Thoughts on the Pure Sky, Shasha". When using the "repetition" and "contrast" techniques, you must first pay attention to the purpose of the article and the connotation of the theme, and set the tone for the writing before planning the article. )

I put a paper rose for my former self, a black rose. The black atmosphere, the black dress, the black coffin, the shadow of the black mood, slowly drifted away in the wind...

4. Inspection, practical operation: (preliminary transformation of knowledge into ability)

Question 7: Please write a few sentences based on your own experience, choose your own content, and use "repetition" and "contrast" techniques (you can use one or both of them).

(Teacher’s tour guidance and comments)

5. Summary:

Through the above explanation, analysis and operation, we understand that the correct use of repetition and contrast techniques can increase the conception and expression of the article. The key to the effect is to first grasp the overall intention and thematic connotation of the article when using it, and choose the relevance, similarity, opposite, and relative nature of the material object to be used and the theme connotation. This is more about applying it in future writing practice, and carefully pondering and understanding it during application.

6. Homework assignment: (aims to transform theoretical knowledge into practical application ability.)

(1) Analyze the use of repetition and contrast in the following couplet.

Saima Autumn Wind Jibei

Apricot Blossom Spring Rain Jiangnan

(2) Select a theme of your own and write an essay of about 500 words using the techniques of repetition and contrast. composition.

7. Teaching postscript: (Make a post-class summary after correcting the homework.)

Attachment: Teaching time arrangement instructions: 5 minutes to recall old knowledge; 3 minutes to explain concepts, 10 minutes to analyze with examples 10 minutes for independent analysis by students and 10 minutes for teacher-guided comments, 15 minutes for student writing training and 15 minutes for teacher-guided comments. Summary and homework assignment 2 minutes