Sunflower sowing information!

Sunflower is also called sunflower. Compositae, sunflower. 1 panicum miliaceum,1~ 3m high. The stems are erect, stout, round, angular and covered with white coarse bristles. Leaves are usually alternate, heart-shaped, ovate or ovoid, with acute or acuminate apex, 3 veins at the base, coarsely serrated edges, rough sides and long hairy stalks. Head inflorescence, extremely large, 10 ~ 30 cm in diameter, solitary at the top of stem or branch, often inclined downward. The involucral bracts are multi-layered, leafy, imbricate, hairy, flowering in summer, with yellow tongue-shaped flowers at the edge of inflorescence, which is fruitless. The middle of the inflorescence is a bisexual tubular flower, brown or purple, solid. Achene, obovate or ovoid oblong, slightly flat, with lignified skin, gray or black, commonly known as sunflower seeds. Sex is warm and drought-tolerant. Native to North America, it is cultivated all over the world.

Sunflower sunflower

Sunflower, also known as sunrise flower, is named because its flowers often face the sun. It is called sunflower in English not because of this feature, but because its yellow flowers are like the sun, although sunflower also means "facing the sun". The word sunflower was borrowed from the Latin flos solis from16th century to17th century. The French and Italian names of sunflowers, tournesol and girasol, are all named according to the characteristics of "facing Japan", just like Chinese names. Texas in the United States is known as the sunflower state because of its abundant sunflower.

morphological character

Sunflowers can be used all year round, mainly in summer and winter. The flowering period can last for more than two weeks. Sunflowers are shaped like the sun, with bright and generous flowers, which are suitable for ornamental decoration. Her seeds have more economic value, not only can be made into popular sunflower seeds, but also can extract high-grade edible sunflower oil with low cholesterol. Sunflower varieties can be divided into "general ornamental" varieties or "edible" varieties. General ornamental varieties are characterized by short plants, generally less than half a meter, which are suitable for pot planting. Edible varieties are tall and can grow to more than 2 meters in the soil of general open-air nurseries. Sunflowers grow quite rapidly, and generally bloom about two months after planting. Their flower patterns can be divided into single petals, double petals or single flowers with multiple flowers, and the flowering period can last for more than two weeks.

One legend is that ...

Legend 1

There is a sad Greek myth and legend about sunflowers. Calea is the goddess of the sea. She was the lover of Helius, the sun god, but later Helius fell in love with the Persian princess Ricotoy. Jealous Calea denounced the relationship between Ryukyu and Helius to King Ocamos of Persia. Ockham ordered the unfaithful daughter to be buried alive. When Helius learned about it, he cut off contact with Calea completely. Calea, who had been infatuated for several days, didn't eat or drink, and watched Helius drive up and down in a solar car, languishing day by day and finally becoming a sunflower.

Legend 2

Sunflower-the national flower of Russia. The people of the former Soviet Union loved sunflower and regarded it as the national flower. At present Russia still defines the national flower as sunflower. "There are no catkins born by the wind, only sunflowers are biased towards the sun." Sunflower, yearning for the flower of light, brings people a beautiful flower of hope. It is full of treasures and selflessly dedicated to mankind. There is a wonderful legend about sunflowers in history. In ancient times, there was a farmer's daughter named Ming Gu. She is simple, honest and handsome, but she is regarded as a thorn in the side of the bully by her stepmother and abused in every way. Once, because of a small matter, I had a conflict with my stepmother and angered her. I whipped her, but I accidentally hit my own daughter who came to stop the fight. At this time, the stepmother was angry and hated. At night, I gouged out Ming's eyes while she was asleep. Minggu was in unbearable pain, broke the door and fled, and soon died. After her death, there was a bright yellow flower on her grave, facing the sun all day. That's a sunflower. It means that Minggu yearns for light and hates darkness. This legend inspires people to hate violence and darkness and pursue light. Since then, this sunflower has been breeding.

diversification

Sunflowers have a unique American style, that's all. Wild sunflowers may come from grassland areas, and their image is intertwined with early American history. American Indians grind sunflowers into flour as a food source. Now there are a series of new varieties without pollen, which eliminates the problem of pollen shedding. In California, the most widely planted variety is "Sunny", which has golden flowers, brown cores and hard stems. Other pollen-free varieties include:

"Bright Moonlight" has lemon yellow petals and dark brown core;

"sunshine beam" golden flower, green heart;

"Sunshine Lemon" has bright yellow flowers and a black core;

"Sunshine Orange" has golden flowers and a black core.

As we all know, sunflower has an open flower surface with an average diameter of 5 to 6 inches, and the flower heart accounts for 60% of the whole flower. Now several new varieties have deviated from this standard. "Sonia" has a medium-sized 4-inch golden orange flower with a black core. It is suitable as an ornament for small bunches of sunflowers.

Teddy bear is another novel variety. It is a short variety with rich orange petals, which makes it have a somewhat vague appearance.

Yellow is the main color of sunflower, but some new varieties have added strong red and brown.

"Flower Merchants" is a two-color variety, with bronze and red flowers, yellow flower tips and black flower hearts. "Prado Red" has a black core surrounded by red-brown flowers, about 4 inches in diameter. Others with this richness and autumn color are "autumn beauty" and "sunset glow"

Key points of propagation and cultivation and growth characteristics

Breeding offspring with seeds, peat soil is suitable for sowing. Sunflower has a high demand for light and a wide range of temperature tolerance, which is suitable for 15-30 degrees Celsius, but it still grows rapidly in summer. Because of the high light requirement, fast metabolism and large water demand, it is advisable to irrigate and water frequently to keep the soil moist and water it every day in summer. The best way is to mix organic fertilizer into the culture soil; In addition, chemical fertilizer can also be added according to plant conditions.

1 panicum miliaceum,1~ 3m high. The stems are erect, stout, round, angular and covered with white coarse bristles. Leaves are usually alternate, heart-shaped, ovate or ovoid, with acute or acuminate apex, 3 veins at the base, coarsely serrated edges, rough sides and long hairy stalks. Head inflorescence, extremely large, 10 ~ 30 cm in diameter, solitary at the top of stem or branch, often inclined downward. The involucral bracts are multi-layered, leafy, imbricate, hairy, flowering in summer, with yellow tongue-shaped flowers at the edge of inflorescence, which is fruitless. The middle of the inflorescence is a bisexual tubular flower, brown or purple, solid. Achene, obovate or ovoid oblong, slightly flat, with lignified skin, gray or black, commonly known as sunflower seeds. Sex is warm and drought-tolerant.

Sunflower sowing time: March-April

The suitable temperature for sowing is 65438 08 ~ 25℃

Budget time: 5-7 days

Sowing method: Sow as needed, and cover with soil about 1CM. After 50-80 days of sowing, the flowers are slightly different due to different varieties.

Use;

Ingredients: Seeds are very high in oil content and delicious, and can be fried or pressed for oil. They are important oil crops. There are three types: edible type, oil type and dual-purpose type. Receptacle, stem and shell can be used as industrial raw materials.

Sexual ignorance: sweet, flat and non-toxic.

Function: calming the liver and expelling wind, clearing damp-heat and eliminating qi stagnation. Sunflower can be used as medicine, and its seeds, flower discs, stems and leaves, stem pith, roots and flowers can all be used as medicine. Seed oil can be used as the basic medicine of ointment. Stem pith is a diuretic and anti-inflammatory agent. Leaves and petals can be used as bitter stomachic drugs. Fruit bowl (receptacle) has the function of lowering blood pressure.

Sunflower seeds are sweet and flat, and enter the large intestine, which has the effect of expelling worms and stopping dysentery. The book Materia Medica says "ventilation permeates pus", and Fujian folk herbs say "treating bloody dysentery". Sunflower seeds contain more than 50% fatty oil, of which linoleic acid accounts for 70%. In addition, they also contain phospholipids, which have a good lipid-lowering effect and can prevent acute hyperlipidemia and chronic hypercholesterolemia in experimental animals. The oil in sunflower seeds, especially linoleic acid, can inhibit experimental thrombosis. Sunflower seeds and oil also moisturize and polish hair. Xinjiang is rich in sunflower, and the braids of Uygur girls are long, black and shiny, which is said to be related to girls' love of sunflower seeds. However, sunflower seeds are warm and dry after frying, and eating too much can easily cause symptoms such as dry mouth, aphtha and toothache, which should be paid attention to.

The dish has the functions of clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, and is effective for headache and dizziness. Grinding sunflower seeds into powder and taking 5g yellow wine three times a day can treat functional uterine bleeding, decocting sunflower seeds with water can treat asthma, and decocting sunflower seeds with brown sugar can treat dysmenorrhea.

Stem and leaf can dispel wind and clear heat, clear liver and improve eyesight. 5 grams of sunflower stem and leaf, jujube 10, decoction, daily 1 dose, for 5 ~ 7 days, can treat hypertension. Appropriate amount of fresh sunflower stems and leaves, decocted in water, can cure red eyes and tears.

Stem pith can strengthen spleen, induce diuresis and stop leukorrhagia. Appropriate amount of white pulp in sunflower stems can be decocted in water to treat leucorrhea and soreness of waist and knees. 20 grams of sunflower stem pith, 5 grams of wick, 5 grams of bamboo leaves and 5 grams of medulla tetrapanacis. Water decoction can cure stranguria and prostatitis.

Roots can clear away heat and promote diuresis, promote qi circulation and relieve pain. Appropriate amount of sunflower root decoction can cure stranguria, frequent urination, urgency and pain. Sunflower root 30g, Atractylodes macrocephala10g, decoction can cure epigastric pain.

Flowers can clear away heat and toxic materials, reduce swelling and relieve pain. Appropriate amount of sunflower, drinking half a cup, can be decocted and taken to treat breast abscess. The sunflower flowers are mashed and applied externally or dried and ground into powder, and sesame oil can be used to treat sores and mastitis.

Treatment prescription: [dizziness]

30~60 grams of fresh fruit plate, decocted in water, twice a day.

Female menstrual abdominal pain]

Sunflower seed dish (dry product) 30 ~ 60g, decocted in water, with appropriate amount of brown sugar, twice a day.

[Urinary stranguria (including urinary tract infection and urinary calculi, etc.). ), female leucorrhea]

White pulp sunflower stalk 15 ~ 30g, decocted in water for 2~3 times (not too much), twice a day.

[asthma]

30~60 grams of flower disk, decocted in water.

[whooping cough, chronic bronchitis, cough and asthma]

30 ~ 60g of white pulp sunflower stalks are decocted in water to remove residues, and white sugar is added, and taken 2 ~ 3 times a day.

[Stomach pain, hernia]

60 grams of sunflower plate, fried in water.

[gangrene of back, multiple pus heads, mastitis]

Sunflowers can be burned, ground and coated with sesame oil. In addition, it costs 60 grams and is decocted with wine.

[Tendon tendon (gastrocnemius spasm)]

30 grams of fresh sunflower stalks and white pulp, 30 grams of lycopodium clavatum, boiled pig's trotters to eat.

Look at the pictures on the following websites:

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