Basic skills of playing billiards

The correct posture should be that the feet are slightly apart and shoulder width apart. (Take the right-handed pole holder as an example) The right foot is straight, the left foot is bent, and the body naturally sticks to the table. At this time, you should feel that your feet and body are stable, without leaning forward or sitting back too much, and your body is not uncomfortable. Special emphasis is placed on standing on both feet and being comfortable. You can do the following experiments: leave the table, don't hold the pole, put your hands behind your back or droop naturally, and then try to lower your body as low as possible. If you don't stand firm, you can easily feel it.

Step 2 Stretcher

The hand frame is also very important in the process of hitting the ball. Its function is as the third fulcrum of the body, providing a stable channel for hitting the ball and adjusting the hitting point of the cue ball. In short, the stability of the hand frame is the premise of scoring. First, open the palm of your hand and press it on the table, put your palms together, grab the table with four fingers, and form a stable V-shaped channel with your thumb close to your index finger. It is worth noting that your index finger and thumb roots must not leave the table during the whole stroke, and your hand shape must not be loose at any time.

Step 3: Hold the lever.

Many people like to hold the club tightly when they play, and even they will get cocoons on their hands after a long time, which doesn't help. In fact, just hold the club gently with your fingers. Actually, playing billiards is like nailing a nail. If you hold the hammer tightly, your wrist will be stiff. Imagine that you would hammer a nail like this.

4. Sample bar

After you lie prone on the table, the next important thing is to try to hit the ball. You should keep your forearms relaxed, natural and vertical. In other words, your fingers, arms, elbows and shoulders should be relaxed, so that you can generate strength. If you are stiff, it will definitely affect your strength and hitting accuracy. Then put the club as flat as possible. At this time, your "fist", chin, hand frame and target ball should be in a straight line. Then, use your forearm to gently drive the club to make a horizontal twitch so that the club head is close to the hitting point of the cue ball. Try three or four times to feel smooth, pay attention to the rhythm, not too fast.

aim at

Many people are eager to get ready to fight on their desks at the first opportunity. In fact, at this time, you might as well go to the table and bend down to see the correct aiming point. Because of the angle of view, some balls fall to the table at an incorrect angle, especially some balls that look straight. After you correctly find the aiming point of the target ball, many people can't find the direction of their eyes. In fact, during the test shooting, they can look back and forth between the hitting point of the cue ball, the hitting point of the target ball and the pocket. There are no hard and fast rules, but one thing is certain, that is, they want to see the target ball instead of the cue ball, not the pocket. Many people will look up at the mouth of the bag immediately after filming.

A grip gesture, whether it is a right-handed grip or a left-handed grip, the position of the grip is very important, and you can easily and smoothly hit the ball with a proper grip. This is the first important factor in playing billiards. First, find the center of gravity of the club. The method is to pinch the thumb and forefinger together, make a circle or hook, put the club in the circle, and then push the club left and right until it is balanced. The finger position on the club is the center of gravity of the club. Then move 20 to 30 cm from this center of gravity to the end of the rod, which is the appropriate position for holding the rod in general. In case of special play, you can also move back and forth to adjust the grip position. When holding the club, don't hold it too tightly, otherwise your hands and wrists will be tense, your arms will be stiff, and you can't slide out of the club to hit the ball smoothly. When you hold the club in your right hand, your thumb and forefinger will gently hold the club in the tiger's mouth, just like rings. It is the front of your hand that holds the club in the gap, that is, your thumb and the first two fingers hold it in vain, and the little finger will be wrapped around the bottom of the club, which is mainly used to control the balance and stability of the club.

Two-bar gestures: various hand-made brackets with balls, called hand bars, bars or benches, etc. On the stage or on the shelf, etc. In billiards, its important role is often ignored. To ensure the accuracy of hitting the ball, there must be a natural and stable bar support, which can accurately guide the club to hit the ball. 1 Flat-back lever gesture: First, straighten the palm of your left hand and press it down on the table top. Open your fingers as far as possible and hold the tablecloth tightly to form a broad and powerful stable lever base. Then, arch your palm slightly, tilt your thumb towards your forefinger, and a groove will appear between your forefinger and thumb, so that the club can be placed on the groove freely. If you need to adjust the height, you can put your fingers flat, lower your palms, arch and raise them to meet the needs of hitting the ball. This kind of pole frame is low in height and suitable for billiards with smaller ball diameter. 2. Feng-eye lever hand: In order to facilitate understanding and practice, this gesture is now broken down into actions, as shown below: (1) Put your left hand flat on the desktop, palm down, and turn slightly inward from wrist to fingertip. (2) The little finger, the ring finger and the middle finger rotate together and arch inward. The palm of your hand and the left hand are pressed on the table, and the three fingers form a gesture of support. (3) When the left hand is close to the right angle to the direction of the club, the thumb of the left hand is pinched with the fingertip. (4) After the thumb and forefinger form a circle, you can insert the club into the circle to support the club to hit the ball. If you need to adjust the height, stay and stretch or arch your middle finger to adjust. Because this kind of pole frame is high, it is mostly used in Karen billiards with large ball diameter. 3 v-stick gesture, if there is a ball behind the main ball, you must raise the club in order not to touch the blocking ball. The closer the cue ball is to the volley ball, the harder it is to play the cue ball well. If the cue ball is close to the block tennis ball, the hand that makes the stick should be closer and the angle should be steeper, so that the cue ball can be hit, and the relatively hit part is small. If it is not good, it needs to slide the ball. Put up four fingers, support them behind the block, tilt your thumb as far as possible, and put the club in the V-shaped groove formed between your thumb and forefinger. When hitting the ball, the club slides along the groove, and the club handle can be raised if necessary. This is an uncomfortable pole frame, but it is also very important and can't be impossible. You should always practice your supporting fingers until you can firmly support the club face to face. Because the position of the ball is changeable and the way of playing is different, it is impossible to do everything only by several commonly used standard lever gestures, so the lever gestures can not be the same, but varied and have various names.

The hitting posture plays an important role in whether the body posture can be aimed accurately and hit the ball hard. Some people don't pay attention when they are beginners, but just stand at the table and swing, which is an extremely harmful start. What is common is that this player has been playing billiards for many years, and his skills are not excellent, but very general. He was deeply distressed. When he found that his hitting posture was incorrect, he tried to improve his skills, but it was difficult to correct his habits. Therefore, it must be emphasized that novices must understand and be strict with themselves, and must make up their minds to make their hitting posture correct and qualified. 1 body standing position First, determine the appropriate position for the body to stand, which depends on the direction distance between the ball and the club. Hold the club in your right hand as required, and stand on the table to hit the direction of the main ball. Hold the lever horizontally, with the club head pointing to the main ball, about 6- 10 cm away from the main ball. The thumb of the photographer's right hand should be aimed at the side seam of the trousers. The direction of the club must be in a straight line with the direction of the cue ball. Foot position: after the position of the body standing is determined, the right hand holding the lever remains in the original position. In the posture of standing at attention with both feet, the left foot takes a small step to the left, the width is slightly equal to the shoulder width (which can be adjusted according to the height of the body), and the tip of the right foot naturally rotates about 45 degrees to the right and outside. Put your feet flat on the ground, don't lift or leave the ground, and stretch your right foot to form a stable and firm hitting posture. Upper body posture: (1) Snooker. For example, snooker and American flower ball have large table tops and high precision requirements, so they generally aim at hitting the ball with a flat-backed handbrake, with the upper body stretched forward and close to the table top, the head slightly lifted, the chin attached to the club, the eyes looking forward and aiming along the direction of the club. (2) Pocket-less impact billiards has a large ball diameter, so as long as two target balls can be hit, the main ball can be divided, and overlapping aiming is often adopted, which does not require high accuracy. The hand lever frame adopts a higher eye lever frame. When aiming, the eyes scan the three target balls on the table obliquely above, so as long as the upper body leans forward slightly, the whole situation can be understood vertically. 4 Face position: Face position plays a key role in the formation of correct hitting posture. If the face is not straight, it is impossible to aim accurately and hit the ball into the bag. In order to hit the ball accurately and make the ball move according to the expected route, special attention must be paid to keeping the vertical center line of the club face and the central axis of the club on the same vertical center plane. How can I straighten my face? Specifically, when aiming, aim the jaw at the central axis of the club, stick it on the club, keep your eyes level and look straight ahead. In this way, the center of the face, including the nose, mouth and chin, can enter the same vertical plane with the club and the right back arm. The following is about the application of the club method and so on ~ ~ To learn to play billiards, we must first understand how to play the club, what kind of rotation changes will occur in different parts of the main ball, and what kind of rotation changes and direction will occur when the main ball actively hits the passive target ball.

If you want to learn billiards well, you must know the motion state and sphericity of the ball. Otherwise, hitting the ball at will violates the scientific law of hitting the ball, so it is difficult to learn billiards well and the purpose of improving the technical level can not be achieved. The point where the cue hits the cue ball is also called the hitting point. Facing the cue ball, it is a round surface, and there are hitting points everywhere on this round surface. However, in order to facilitate the analysis and research, a central point is set on the circular surface based on the center of the circle, and eight points, one * * * nine points, are selected around the central point according to the corresponding relationship between points and rotation. The protrusions on the ball and the club are spherical. If the bump on the club is at the edge of the ball, it will slip because the angle is too oblique (called sliding bar). It shows that not all points on the spherical surface of the main ball can be hit with a club, but there are certain limits. The range that can hit without slipping is called the safe hitting zone. That is, divide the apparent plane diameter of the main ball into 10 equal parts, and draw a circle with 6 equal parts in the center of the ball, which is called a concentric circle with 6/ 10. If you hit the ball within this range, there will be no sliding bar phenomenon. If the hitting skill reaches a superb level, you can also hit the ball outside the safe zone, and the phenomenon of sliding bar rarely occurs. It can still extend to the edge of the ball, further expanding the safe hitting area to seven or eight tenths of the diameter of the main ball. When the skill of the ball reaches a very high level, the hitting range naturally extends and expands, and it is densely covered with spherical surfaces, which can be played almost everywhere, making the movement of the ball ever-changing and unpredictable. From 9 basic points to 17, 33 to 49. 1, cue ball rotation: Although there are nine basic hitting points on cue ball, beginners should be familiar with the three main hitting points: center, upper middle and lower middle. If these three hitting points can be played well, the problem of scoring can be basically solved whether playing billiards without bags or bags. 1) hit the middle and upper point of the main ball: the ball starts to move in the direction of the club and goes straight ahead quickly and far. Because the ball is driven by the forward rotating torque, the friction force of rolling rotation is much smaller than that of sliding, and the kinetic energy loss is very small. 2) Hit the center of the cue ball: it doesn't rotate at first, but after sliding forward, due to the friction resistance of the table, it gradually generates a forward rotating torque, which slows down the speed of the contact point between the ball and the table, and the vertex speed of the ball remains unchanged, so the ball rotates forward. Where the ball starts to spin and how far it can roll depends on the strength of hitting the ball. 3) Hit the middle and lower point of the main ball: the ball has a torque of reverse rotation from the beginning, and the ball rotates in the opposite direction during the journey. Due to the friction of the table, the reverse rotation slows down until it is zero. After a period of sliding, the ball transitions to the forward rotation. Until the deceleration stops. 4) hit the left center or right center of the main ball: this is a way to hit the side spin ball (also called off-center hitting). The technique is difficult, but we should also learn to practice the side spin technique well and understand the important role of side spin in hitting the ball. When it is necessary to fundamentally change the forward route of the main ball or the target ball, the special function of using the side spin ball will be observed. Side spin ball is a special rotation of billiards. This is an abnormal rotation, which can change the route of the ball before and after hitting the target ball. As mentioned above, the topspin produced by hitting the point on the main ball can form a subsequent goal. But hitting a low point produces a downward rotation, which can form a shrinking ball. Lateral rotation is an extension of these technologies. Because usually playing ball, most of them use nine hitting points on the center line of the main ball, forming the habit of aiming at the front of the main ball. Once the off-lever is used, the club often hits the cue ball obliquely. The side spin requires that the club must be parallel to the table. If you get into the habit of holding the club in your hand after lifting it, it will affect the hitting effect. There are also strict requirements for the control of hitting speed and strength. After hitting the left or right hitting point of the cue ball, the cue ball moves forward in a mixed rotation mode of horizontal rotation (left or right turn) and forward rotation. When hitting the left midpoint of the main ball, the ball rotates clockwise from the top of the ball, which is called left-handed; When hitting the right midpoint of the main ball, the ball rotates counterclockwise, which is called right turn. The forward line of the side spin ball is not a straight line. For example, when playing a left-handed ball, the cue ball is pushed to the left by a component and starts to move to the right bit by bit, and then turns to the left. When playing with the right hand, the cue ball starts to move a little to the left, and then moves to the right. It can be seen that the side spin makes the main ball leave the straight track, so the longer the distance between the main ball and the target ball, the more accurate the judgment of aiming. 2. Rotating motion of eccentric ball collision: eccentric ball: The so-called eccentric ball means that it does not directly hit the target ball, and the main ball only hits the part of the target ball. The purpose of playing the deflected ball is to change the path between the main ball and the target ball and achieve the goal of scoring. Whether it is kick-off or snooker, it is often used to miss the ball. The so-called coarse ball, fine ball, or half ball, quarter ball and three quarter ball we often hear, refers to the degree to which the main ball hits the target ball. Thickness, thinness or fraction is the ratio of the effective impact cross section of the main ball hitting the target ball to the cross section of the ball. Thick means large impact section, and thin means small impact section. But traditionally, the numerical ratio is not the area ratio, but the ratio of the linearity of the diameter of the impact section to the diameter of the target ball. Coarse ball and fine ball are a kind of hitting technique and tactics in actual competition. When practicing at ordinary times, you must be familiar with the movements of the main ball and the target ball during and after hitting the ball. The thickness of eccentric ball can be roughly divided into six types: frontcourt, halfcourt, one-third, two-thirds, one-quarter and three-quarters. Now they are introduced as follows: front: that is, the speed direction of the center of the main ball is opposite to the center of the target ball, and the impact cross section is equal to the apparent circle of the target ball. From the direction of the cue ball The main ball and the target ball are completely coincident. Half: the velocity direction of the center of the main ball deviates from the center of the target ball, just tangent to the outer edge of the side of the target ball, or left or right, and the linearity of the impact cross section accounts for half of the diameter of the ball cross section. One-third: the straightness of the impact section of the main ball hitting the target ball accounts for one-third of the diameter of the ball section, or left or right. Quarter: the straightness of the impact section of the main ball accounts for a quarter of the diameter of the ball section, or left or right. The quarter ball is already very thin. Three-fourths: the straightness of the impact section of the main ball accounts for three-fourths of the diameter of the ball section, or left or right. This is a fairly thick ball, second only to a head-on impact. Regardless of the thickness of the deflection ball, the aiming point should be the intersection of the extension line of the transverse diameter of the target ball and the extension line of the longitudinal direction (motion direction) of the main ball.

If you aim with this thickness, you must be familiar with the location and aiming method of the aiming point in order to hit all kinds of missed balls. 3. The thickness calculation method and aiming method are separated because of the different thickness of the cue ball. At the moment when the cue ball hits the target ball, the overlapping ratio between the cue ball and the target ball is called "thickness". The path (the direction of the ball) of fancy billiards is the most important. When you aim at the target ball and want to shoot it under the bag, if the thickness is deviated, the target ball will not fall into the bag you aim at and will go further and further. In the actual competition, it is rare that the cue ball, the target ball and the bag are arranged in a straight line, and most of them are arranged at irregular angles, so it is not easy to shoot the target ball under the bag, and the angles and distances of the three are different every time, so some skills are needed. And the thickness is an important factor to control the ball path. Eccentric ball deflection: when the main ball hits the target ball head-on, if the main ball does not rotate, all the momentum of the main ball is transferred to the target ball, and the main ball stops and the target ball runs forward in the original direction of the main ball, except that the main ball and the target ball have changed positions with each other. In other words, the aforementioned "positioning ball" actually slows down the forward speed of the target ball due to friction and momentum absorption. When the main ball hits the target ball sideways, the motion directions of the main ball and the target ball deviate from the original motion direction of the main ball, one to the left and the other to the right. On the premise that the momentum is not absorbed (absolute elastic collision), assuming that the main ball does not rotate, the included angle between the main ball and the target ball after collision is 90 degrees, regardless of the thickness of the eccentric ball. Considering this and the influence of deflection direction under different rotation conditions, we can safely change the path of the ball. The thicker the eccentric ball is, the closer the target ball moves to the main ball, the higher the target ball moves, the closer the main ball rolls sideways and the lower the speed. The thinner the deflection ball is, the smaller the change of the movement direction and speed of the main ball is, and the closer the target ball is to roll, the lower the speed is. The instantaneous position of the cue ball and the target ball conforms to the rectangular law with the direction of the cue ball as the diagonal. The trajectories of the instant cue ball and the target ball form two sides of a rectangle, and the diagonal of this rectangle is the moving direction of the original cue ball. According to this rule, the position of the main ball after collision with the target ball can be estimated.