On Lushan Mountain Scenic Area in Jiangxi Province

Lushan Mountain is located in the south of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, on the south bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and on the shore of Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. It is a horst-type fault-block mountain. According to legend, during the Zhou Dynasty, seven Kuang brothers went up the mountain to cultivate monasteries and build houses, hence the name. Since ancient times, it has enjoyed the reputation of "the best in the world". Mountains and rivers, great rivers and great lakes are integrated into one, which combines preciseness and femininity, and is famous for its "masculinity, strangeness, danger and beauty". It is one of the famous mountains in China, with majestic and elegant peaks, unpredictable sea of clouds, magical and colorful flowing springs and waterfalls, and historic sites with a long civilization.

Lushan District is about 25 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide. The highest peak, Hanyang Peak, is1474m above sea level, and Guling Street is1167m above sea level. The majestic Lushan Mountain looks like a mountain flying to Okawabe from a distance, and thousands of peaks are closely connected. Looking at the iron wall and steel wall opposite the lakeshore, and looking at the sky and a towering pillar from the side, just like

The topographic origin of Lushan Mountain is a faulted block mountain, and there are many faults around it, especially in the southeast and northwest. The faults are large in scale and strike northeast-southwest. Due to this fault block structure, there are many strange peaks, strange mountains and cliffs with different shapes, some of which are round like a canopy and some extend like the Great Wall. Some are high above, some overlook the waves, some are like boats sailing in the sea, and some are like turtles walking on the earth. The scenery is magnificent and the weather is myriad. The mountains are surrounded by cliffs and deep valleys; However, the relative height from Guling Street to Hanyang Peak is not large, and the pace is small, and the valley is wide, forming a strange terrain of "steep outside and flat inside", which is very convenient for tourism.

Lushan Mountain is located in the subtropical monsoon region, with abundant rainfall and mild and pleasant climate. In midsummer, it is a "cool island" hanging high in the "hot sea" in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The annual precipitation of Lushan Mountain can reach 65,438+0,950-2,000 mm, while that of Jiujiang at the foot of the mountain is about 65,438+400 mm, so the temperature difference in the mountain is large, with many clouds and endless changes. Sometimes the top of the mountain is higher than the clouds. Seen from the foot of the mountain, Lushan Mountain is shrouded in mist, just like a fairyland. Looking down from the mountain, there is a vast sea of clouds under your feet, just like walking through the clouds. Sometimes it gets dark on the mountain and it rains in Mao Mao, which is very interesting.

Such natural conditions make Lushan Mountain lush and rich in vegetation. With the increase of altitude, the thermal state of surface water is vertically distributed, and evergreen broad-leaved forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest grow from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain respectively. According to incomplete statistics, there are 2 10 families, 735 genera and 1720 species of plants in Lushan Mountain, which are divided into seven types: temperate zone, tropical zone, subtropical zone, East Asia, North America and China. This is a natural botanical garden.

The main scenic spots in Lushan Mountain are Wulaofeng, Sandiequan, Hanpokou, Lulin Lake, Datianchi, Huajing, Ruqin Lake, Jinxiu Valley, Xianren Cave, Xiaotianchi, Tolin Temple, Bailudong Academy, Lushan Botanical Garden and Lushan Museum. Guling Town is a strange mountain city on Lushan Mountain, and it is also the tourist center of Lushan Mountain Scenic Area.

Lushan Mountain is rich in unique Lushan culture and has important scientific and aesthetic values. Lushan Mountain Scenic Area covers an area of 302 square kilometers, and the peripheral protection zone is 500 square kilometers. Lushan Mountain has unique Quaternary glacial remains, including rivers, lakes, slopes and peaks, and is called a geological park.

The geological structure in Lushan area is complex and obvious, which shows the main process of crustal change. Lushan Mountain rose strongly in Quaternary, and many faults formed many peaks. Lushan Mountain rises and the surrounding area sinks relatively, and the Poyang Lake basin develops further, forming Poyang Lake. The northern part is dominated by fold structures, forming a series of valley landforms; There are a series of fault cliffs in the south and northwest, forming peaks. There are wide valleys and canyons in the mountains, and terraces and valleys are developed around them. Countless peaks, rocks, valleys, waterfalls, rocks, etc. Form a strange and magnificent mountain landscape. Hanyang Peak is1474m above sea level, which is the first peak of Lushan Mountain. Tiechuan Peak, 950 meters above sea level, stands on the precipice, like a huge ship, with a huge scale. There are two waterfalls in Wangjiapo, which are in pairs. Like two dragons leaning on the sky, spraying pearls and falling jade. Sandie Spring, divided into three stacks, is integrated into one mass, with a drop of 1.55 meters. The wind reflects in the sun and has different shapes.

Lushan Mountain is an ancient educational base and religious center in China. Bailudong Academy was founded in 940 AD, ranking first among the four major academies in ancient China. The educational thought put forward by Zhu, a master of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty, became the norm of ancient education in China, and also had an important influence in the history of world education.

In 39 1 year, Hui Yuan, a Buddhist leader, established the Torin Temple, which is the earliest temple garden in China. Hui Yuan lived in Lushan Mountain for 36 years, and created the Pure Land Sect Law, making Lushan Mountain a Buddhist center in southern China. In the 5th century, Lu, a Taoist priest of the Southern Dynasties, founded the Southern School in Lushan Mountain. In the Tang Dynasty, Mazu Taoism made buddhas in the mountains, which were called Lin Ji School and Luyang School, and had great influence. In the Song Dynasty, there were as many as 36/kloc-0 temples in Lushan Mountain. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Islam, Christianity and Catholicism also built churches and preached in Lushan Mountain. After 1600 years' development, Lushan Mountain has formed a rare phenomenon of gathering five religions in one mountain.

Lushan Mountain has a well-preserved international villa community. Lushan Mountain is a famous summer resort at home and abroad. There are more than 600 villas with architectural styles in Britain, America, Germany and France 18 countries. Beauty salon villa, Sherman villa and Williams villa have become national cultural relics protection units. Among the famous mountains in China, only Lushan Mountain has such a large-scale "world village".