How to treat children's education? How to educate first-grade children?

1, the child's psychological preparation.

Parents should communicate with their children more, congratulate them and let them know that going to primary school is a happy, glorious and proud thing. Parents can talk about school with their children with admiration, joy and appreciation. For example, "When the baby grows up, he will soon become a first-grade pupil!" ""These beautiful stories are written in books. When you know the words at school, you can read them yourself, and you can learn many better stories from books that your parents don't know! "He did something that satisfied adults, so he praised him:" Being a primary school student is different, so sensible! "Parents can also tell their children some interesting stories about their primary school days, so that children can yearn for primary school life. Let the children understand that going to school is a non-negotiable thing. There is a big difference between primary school life and kindergarten life. It is necessary to introduce the subject content of primary school, the form of class teaching and the division of labor of teachers to children. In addition, parents should pay attention to the following points: educate their children to abide by the basic rules of the school; Remember your school supplies and distinguish them from other children's things; Let children learn to organize school supplies such as schoolbags; Pay attention to safety when you come home from school, and don't go with strangers; In addition to telling the contact number of the parents of the class teacher, let the children remember at least one phone number that can find the parents immediately. Tell your child to talk to the teacher if you have something, and ask the teacher if you don't understand.

2. Material preparation.

Parents should buy schoolbags, pencil boxes, rulers, erasers, pencil sharpeners, pencils and necessary exercise books for their children before school starts. The stationery you buy should be simple and practical, not too fancy, so as not to distract your child's learning attention. The schoolbag need not be too big, as long as it is practical and strong. It's best to put your shoulders on your back and write your child's class and name in a conspicuous place on it.

3. Parents' psychological preparation.

(1) Understand that school is a place to study.

School is a place where children hone their learning ability, cultivate sociality and form a sound personality in group life. Among them, learning is to make children have the ability to survive after going to society. In the future, we should do it by ourselves, not by others' help. In the previous hunting era, it was impossible to survive without bows and arrows. Similarly, learning knowledge and technology at school now is also a weapon for survival. Parents should not only hope that their children will be admitted to a good high school and university, but also cultivate their sociality and personality. Therefore, parents should first realize that schools and kindergartens are different and there will be some hard work. Children must study hard and adapt to the rules of group life.

(2) The mastery of knowledge and skills requires repeated training.

The mastery of knowledge and skills can't be remembered for a while, and it must be reviewed repeatedly, otherwise it will be forgotten soon. Although I fully understand it in class, if I don't practice it repeatedly, my understanding can't last, and I can't remember what I have learned. Don't excellent players have to endure strict training?

(3) Children's training begins at school.

"There is no shortcut to study", so family study must begin immediately after entering school. Parents should not be naive to think that they can get good grades by reading casually. If they feel sorry for their children, they are too fond of them. A good beginning is half the battle. Imagine: If you relax now, will you laugh or cry in two or three years?

Second, adjust the learning environment and arrange family study and life.

1. Work hard in the same place at the same time every day.

After school, children must form the good habit of studying at home. After school, the children still feel nervous when they go to school. Please greet them with a smile and let them relax. Then let the children sit at the desk, spread out their textbooks and exercise books, and spend 10 to 20 minutes reviewing the lessons learned that day. After getting used to it, they will slowly extend the time to 30 to 40 minutes. Games and watching TV must be finished after homework. Special reminder: even if the teacher doesn't assign homework that day, let the children study at their desks, so that they can finish it at the same place and time every day. Gradually, children will form the habit of studying hard at home after school. Before forming habits, we should pay attention to overcoming bad habits, so it is best for parents to stay with us. When the child says, "I have finished my homework!" " "Parents should check in person, and those who do well must be praised, so that children can have a sense of accomplishment and interest, and mistakes can be corrected immediately. If you don't check, the child will rely on himself: "Mom won't look anyway. "So so-so, looks very hard, but in fact, it is nominal. Parents think it's hard, but if you don't form the habit of studying hard in the lower grades of primary school, you won't be able to study hard spontaneously in the middle and upper grades, so please take this seriously.

2. Read in a place where you won't be distracted.

Where is the child's desk arranged? Note: Road noise, TV sound, etc. It will distract attention and make reading inefficient. If you do your homework at the dining table, you will inadvertently imagine that the dining table is a place to eat, which is not conducive to concentration. Therefore, it is allowed to give it to children alone.

If you have a desk, you can only read. It is worth reminding that many children have separate rooms, and parents should declare to their children in advance that parents must be free to enter and leave their children's rooms.

Don't put things in front of the desk.

The desk had better face the clean wall. If there is a picture on the wall, it will attract your attention and you can't concentrate on your study. Don't put extra things in front of the table. If the desk is full of notebooks, dictionaries and stationery, change to a bigger desk.

4. Prepare necessary reference books.

After entering school, it is not enough to have textbooks. It is best to prepare some study reference books, dictionaries, reference books and encyclopedias for children to use at any time.

Thirdly, we should form good study habits at home.

1, get into the habit of reading.

Children like reading, develop reading habits, can cultivate listening and understanding, become "obedient masters", and their concentration and endurance can be developed unconsciously. On the other hand, children who have heard many stories are exposed to the contents of various articles, and their expressive ability and language expression are also very good. For the words and deeds of the characters in the book, children will also think about why they say and do this, and their thinking ability and interpretation ability will be cultivated. Parents in lower grades can consider their children's age, development and interests, and choose good picture books and story books. Parents should also pay attention to the fact that the grade of primary school 1 is still an extension of kindergarten education, so parents say they should listen to him and read it to him. Don't refuse all of them: "Find it yourself!" It is best to read the story books that children want to read to him, and don't force children to accept the choices of adults. Children who don't like reading hate to see a lot of small print. Parents can choose a picture book with a large font suitable for their children.

2. Develop the habit of writing.

Writing ability is an indicator of academic ability. Although some children speak fluently, they are not good at writing, and some children write slowly. Teachers will nag for a long time if they practice new words more, and they may hate writing in middle and senior grades. This is because of the lack of thinking, imagination and expressiveness. Therefore, from the first grade, you should train writing. For example, after school, children always say to their parents, "Mom, today is at school ..." Even if it is only a few simple words, parents can prepare a diary to encourage him to write it down. Slowly, parents can ask him, "Why?" "What do you think?" "What did the teacher say?" Wait, let him expand gradually and lengthen the article. Children in grade one like to write with the words they have learned. Parents should praise him, encourage him and keep it carefully after reading it.

3. Develop the habit of concentrating on things.

It is worth noting that children should not be allowed to do other things while studying. Some children always do their homework while watching TV and listening to music. In this way, their study is not focused enough and their attention is easily diverted. Some children don't pay enough attention. Parents can cultivate the habit of listening with their eyes by putting their hands on their shoulders and talking to each other's eyes in a quiet place, no matter what the topic is, once a day. As long as the eyes are connected, the child has to concentrate on the lecture. As long as you persist every day, you can cultivate obedient children. In addition, parents should be careful not to call some children when they are having the most fun, because this is the time when they are most focused.

4. Let children have a wide range of interests.

We should try our best to cultivate children's interest and care about all kinds of things. The first grade is an age with strong curiosity and vitality. Parents can participate in various activities according to their children's interests, so that their children can become attractive and individual.

The habit of active learning is the best gift for parents to give their children.

Parents and children must maintain a good relationship, form a good habit of family study, and let children form a good habit of active and conscious learning as soon as possible, just as babies can stand up, walk, work hard, solve things they don't understand, and have "self-learning ability", which is also the most important "self-cultivation ability" in education. Such children will naturally strive for independence. As parents, we should pay attention to praise and encourage children, and let them gradually develop the habit of active learning, which is the best gift for parents to give their children.

Fourth, let children develop good living habits.

1, go to bed early and get up early, and live a regular life.

Children in the first grade need about 10 hours of sleep, so family study time, game time, bathing time and eating time must be determined, and the life is regular. If you have to wake up after primary school, it is a sign of dependence. Children who get up late in the morning and arrive at school before going to the toilet or having breakfast will yawn repeatedly in the first class and just sit there in a daze. Many children forget to bring this and that … so they can't concentrate in class. If life is irregular and scattered, the child's heart is also scattered and lacks regularity. Have a regular life and do your own thing. Fold the quilt, fold clothes, clean the room, wash socks, arrange school supplies, choose suitable items, and make an agreement with your child about what you must do, so that the child can abide by the agreement.

Children who can help with housework can learn.

In the 1950s and 1960s, children spent three hours doing housework every day, but now they spend three hours watching TV. The reason why children hate doing housework is because they have not been trained since childhood. Of course, they do their own things, and they also need help with things at home, such as taking newspapers, setting shoes and taking chopsticks. When he finished, his parents should thank him. "Thank you for your help!" Tell him to do it seriously, don't do it casually, and develop an attitude of doing it well regardless of major issues. In this way, children will be conscious and proud to be a member of the family, thus producing thoughtfulness, responsibility, coordination, patience, concentration, self-confidence and so on. Giving children school-age jobs can not only relax parents, but also achieve the purpose of education. In the process of helping children, they can cultivate curiosity and spontaneity. If they are not allowed to help, they will be deprived of important learning opportunities. Remind parents to be tolerant and patient. Don't complain to your face even if your child can't do it well. Parents can do it again secretly in the future. Don't be angry if the child makes a mess. For the sake of education, he must be made to do housework.

In addition, helping to do housework helps to cultivate children's learning ability. When asking children to help, we should teach them, for example, don't stack greasy dishes together, and don't hold tableware bigger than your hands in the air when cleaning tableware, so as not to slip and break it. It should be put on the table, rubbing it. This is not only to teach him knowledge and skills, but also to teach him the order of doing things and cultivate his judgment and insight. Once parents and children decide to cook together, they should first make a plan and list the materials they need, then go shopping, prepare utensils and spices, and let the children talk about the order of conditioning. Children who often help with housework naturally remember the tricks. Reading, doing problems and writing should be planned and orderly, so most of the children who help with housework are children with excellent grades and strong autonomy.

Children must be restricted from watching TV and playing video games.

Children who watch TV for a long time speak fluently and harmoniously. But there are also many problems. Many surveys point out that watching too much TV will bring negative effects. It is reported that the shorter you watch TV, the better your enthusiasm for asking questions. Because the programs that primary school students listen to are mostly entertainment programs, they don't need to think seriously and use their imagination like reading. Just sitting there all the time, looking at the ever-changing picture, just for fun. Over time, they developed a passive character. Children who have been staring at TV really lack concentration and will become unstable children. Such children lack the tendency to be tempted and are not good at thinking, so their grades are not good. "TV children" always seem to have no vitality, so some scholars advocate that children before 12 should not watch TV. In principle, don't eat and chat while watching TV. Limit the time every day and stipulate that you can play only after you finish your homework. You must also pay attention to the content of the program. Parents and children should fully exchange views on the content of the program.

4. Let children learn to be patient in life.

In family education, patience is the most easily overlooked by parents. Children who can bear it are easy to succeed in their studies and social life. Therefore, whether it is sports or games, it is very important for children to learn to suffer hardships. Parents make their children endure physical pains, such as hunger, thirst, cold and fatigue. Some expensive toys require children to endure birthdays or important festivals. In this way, children can't get what they want right away, but also cultivate patience, exercise their spirit and make them confident. In this material-rich era, parents are a little sad to see their children restricted, but please remember that children whose desires are easily satisfied don't know how to cherish them. Children who don't know how to be patient are very nerve-racking. Those children who always have enough to eat in comfortable rooms will not have a great future.

Parents should be strict with their children's material desires and relax their emotional desires. When he is coquetry to you, hug him, touch his head and pity him. When children endure pain, adults should be patient and ask their parents to praise them! As long as parents and children maintain their feelings with love and trust, children will not only achieve excellent results, but also have confidence and will be welcomed and trusted by friends.

Five, parents should master effective methods to guide learning.

1, let the children review and preview every day.

According to the research of American scholars, even what 100 learned completely can only be remembered 60% on the first day, 40% on the second day and 30% on the third day. However, memory will decline slowly in the future. 1 month later, I can still remember about 20%. In order not to forget what you have learned, it is necessary to review it. Because the memory is fresh, you can remember everything you have learned, and you can also get a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. If you review after two or three days, your memory is already weak, so your efficiency is very poor. If you don't review at all, you will gradually forget what you have learned. Review every day in the lower grades, and you will be able to keep up with your lessons and have confidence in your lessons. Review before previewing to know what you know and what you don't understand. Pay special attention to what you don't understand in class.

2. Parents should follow the rules.

Coherent thinking is a bit difficult, especially in mathematics, because children are not used to theoretical thinking. Parents should draw pictures to explain what can't be done, write them in cartoons, and let the children sort out their ideas.

3. Return to the key guidance of "tripping".

When the homework or test paper brought back by the child is marked with "X", we should pay attention to the child's weak links. Don't paralyze yourself and your children with such words: "You are smart and know everything, but you are too careless. Be careful next time! " The so-called "carelessness" actually means that knowledge is not proficient enough, so be sure to let him know that he is proficient. From the first grade, parents have to pay attention to whether their children really understand and master knowledge. If there is no basic part, the "loophole" will become bigger and bigger. If something goes wrong in the future, parents and children will work hard and have little effect.

4. Texts and calculus workbooks should be carefully prepared.

Let children form the habit of writing carefully. If parents use unwanted paper as their children's draft paper and calculus paper, children will feel that it doesn't matter if they throw it away anyway, and naturally they can't form the habit of writing well. Therefore, prepare notebooks and calculus books for children, so that children can write conveniently and develop the habit of writing and calculating carefully.

5. Decide the learning goal and time.

To allocate time for family study, we must first make a plan, what subjects to study on which day of the week and how long to study. Generally speaking, the time for home study is "school year × 10 minute", but because of homework, it takes about 30-40 minutes for the lower grades. It must be noted here that if children finish their homework as planned, they must be encouraged and praised. If you give up halfway, children who can sit still will not extend their study time. Because I just finished my homework as planned, it is very important to get a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. Pay attention to two points: first, don't let the child do things on the way to school, otherwise his rhythm will be disordered and he will lack concentration and persistence; Second, we should abide by the agreement between parents and children, don't ask children to write another page just because they are almost finished, and don't take the extension of study time as punishment just because they haven't finished it carefully, which will bring distrust.

6. Parents' expectations and encouragement will promote children's continuous progress.

1, don't forget the effect of Pygmalion.

From 65438 to 0968, Rosenthal, a professor at Harvard University in the United States, completed a famous experiment. He conducted a "development test" on 65,438+000 children. After testing intelligence, physical strength and other items, he provided fictional information to the teacher, saying that 20 out of 100 children were well developed and produced a list. One year later, the results of the second interview showed that the children who showed the list had significantly improved their grades, were curious, lively and cheerful, and their fantasies became a reality. This phenomenon that children have different expectations is the expectation effect. Rosenthal called this effect "pygmalion effect" by quoting the Pygmalion myth with similar phenomena. In the family, parents have the same attitude towards education. Parents are thinking: how can this child be so stupid, how can he spend so much money on tutoring, and still can't see any effect? If you think so, it will show up in your attitude. Children are very sensitive. When you feel the attitude of adults, you will lose interest This is the negative pygmalion effect. When parents found the advantages of their children, they boasted, "Great!" When you see what he does for his friends, don't blame him: "How did you do it …" You should praise him: "You really help others, good boy." When the child is depressed, don't say, "Look, who told you not to listen to me!" " "She replied consolingly," I understand how you feel. "I believe that my child is not stupid, and there must be potential for progress, as well as in learning. In this way, we can raise children under the positive expectation of pygmalion effect.

2. Let children experience the joy of "learning".

Knowing one thing and learning one thing is like opening the door to another world for children, full of emotion. This kind of emotion will give children confidence. If you keep understanding and learning, children will love learning more and more, thus stimulating their interest in learning. Therefore, parents should be happy when their children finally understand and learn something that looks low in their eyes. If you show the attitude of "you should have learned", the child's touch and joy will disappear. Therefore, let children experience the joy of understanding and learning as much as possible and lay a solid foundation of knowledge.