Translation of Song Lian's Biography in Ming Dynasty

Song Lian (1310-1381), the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, was named Jinglian, with a thousand seals, alias Xuanzhenzi, a Taoist priest in Zhen Xuan, and Zhen Xuan Dun. Posthumous title Wenxian. Qianxi (now Yiwu, Zhejiang) was born in Han nationality. Writers in the early Ming dynasty. He was born in a poor family, but he was eager to learn since he was a child. He was employed by Wu Lai, Liu Guan and Huang Cheng, masters of ancient Chinese prose at the end of Yuan Dynasty. He studied hard all his life. "From childhood to old age, he never went to school for a day and learned everything." At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Shundi asked him to organize and edit imperial academy. He resigned and wrote a book on the grounds of supporting his parents.

In the 20th year (1360), Zheng Zheng was hired by Zhu Yuanzhang together with Liu Ji, Zhang Yi and Ye Chen, and was honored as the teacher of the Five Classics. Hong's major is "Yuan History", and he received imperial edicts from officials to bachelors. Later, due to Hu's case, he died in Maozhou. He is the author of Song Anthology, New Theory of Filial Piety and Preface to Dongyang.

In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, and Song Lian took office as a Confucian scholar in Jiangnan, giving lectures to Prince Zhu Biao. In the second year of Hongwu (1369), he was ordered to major in Yuan history. Tired officials went to the academician courtyard to start a business, knowing the patent. Hongwu ten years (1377), resigned and returned home. Later, because the eldest grandson was involved in the Hu Dang case, the whole family was exiled to Maozhou (now Sichuan Qiang Autonomous County) and died of illness in Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Chongqing).

[Edit this paragraph] Song Lian.

In the history of ancient literature in China, Song Lian, Liu Ji and Gao Qi were called the great poets in the third day of Ming Dynasty. He took it as his duty to inherit the feudal Confucian orthodoxy, and advocated "learning from the classics" and "learning from the ancients" of the characters and learning from the Tang and Song Dynasties. His works are very rich. His works, represented by biographical sketches and narrative essays, are concise, elegant and graceful, with their own characteristics. When the Ming Dynasty was founded, most of the imperial rites and music systems were formulated by Song Lian. Zhu Yuanzhang called him "the first civil servant in the founding of the People's Republic of China", Liu Ji praised him as "the first article today" and scholars from all directions called him "Tai Shigong". Author of Selected Works of Song Shi Xue.

Song Lian is "the head of the founding civil servants". He insisted that Ming Dow's prose should seek truth from facts, draw lessons from classics, emphasize "expressing one's will", pay attention to "changing things" and demand "feeling things with things", so his prose is rich in content and has certain artistic skills.

In the next generation, Song Lian is the first person to open a private library.

Song Lian's collection of books began as a teenager. At that time, he moved to Pujiang because of the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and built a room to study in Luo Qing Mountain, because its building was named "Luo Qing Mountain House". After the mutiny, the official books were seriously damaged, and Song Lian was able to keep the book city because of his seclusion in the mountains. Qi Ming Han Cheng's "Red Book Collection of Lianshengtang" said: "After the country broke the fire and died, Song Wenxian publicly studied in Luoqingshan, and has collected thousands of books." The Preface to the Complete Works of Song Wenxian, the second volume of the Collected Works of Fengxitang in the Qing Dynasty, said that Song Lian "began to sneak into Pujiang, gained his book wealth, and pushed Song Lian first".

The essence of Song Lian's books, a few of which flowed into the hands of Qing people. For example, The Collection of Changqing in the Northern Song Dynasty was successively collected by Qian Ceng, Huang Pilie and Pan Zuyin. "Bai Fu": "The" Changqing "of Lushan Mountain, see Liuding; Master Jinhua is an elf alone. " Note: Changqing Ji was engraved in the Northern Song Dynasty, so-called' Lushan Edition'. Geng Yin was burned and the seeds were cut. Only this little song book in Jinhua Song's "Jinglian" is full of pictures, ancient and lovely, and rare. In addition, a batch of biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals, Historical Records and Song Wenxuan flowed into the palace of the Qing Dynasty, recording the sequel of Tianlu Lin Lang. Song Lian also collected the Song Dynasty publication "Shilin Guangji", and then returned to Ding Richang, Guangdong Province, where he recorded the Bibliography of Bao Jing Zhai.

The orthodox view of literature has a long history, but there are also differences here: the ancient writers in Tang and Song Dynasties, represented by Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu, advocated that "literature should be based on Ming Dow" in theory, emphasizing the instrumentality of literature, but not belittling it; Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty saw their incompleteness, so it put forward the argument of "the unity of literature and Taoism" and even "literature harms Taoism" to prevent literati from being tempted by literature outside Taoism. Song Lian's literary thought followed the extreme viewpoint of Neo-Confucianism. In Wen Yuan, he emphasized that writing "does not refer exclusively to rhetorical writing", and that the image of Tao is the representation, and the text is consistent with Tao, where Tao is, the text is also there. In other articles, Song Lian has repeatedly put forward that "standing without a road, filling without a road, and walking without a road" (preface to Baiyun Draft); "There is no Tao outside the text, and there is no text outside the Tao" (preface to Professor Xu's Collected Works).

Criticizing ancient writers with this theory shows a very narrow attitude. For example, in the Preface to the Collected Works of Professor Xu, Song Lian openly proposed that after the death of Mencius, "there will be no literature in the world"; Jia Yi and Sima Qian only got "skin", while Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu only got "bone". Only a few great scholars in the Song Dynasty "won their hearts" can be regarded as "the writings of the Six Classics". As for all kinds of articles that obviously don't meet the standard of "gentleness and gentleness", in Song Lian's view, they are even more "non-literature".

The theory of "the unity of literature and Taoism" is an officially supported position, which can be proved by the style of Yuan Shi. Since Ye Fan's Book of the Later Han Dynasty, two biographies, The Scholars and Wen Yuan, have been separated to distinguish the scholars from the writers, and the history of repairing officials in later generations has been inherited. However, the History of Yuan Dynasty abolished this distinction and set up a separate History of the Scholars, arguing that "scripture cannot be divided into two" and that "literature does not originate from the six arts, but is all words!" Yuan Shi was written at Zhu Yuanzhang's instigation, which certainly catered to his meaning. With the official support of the imperial court, this theory will inevitably bring disastrous consequences to the development of literature.

Song Lian's collected works are full of works that beautify, eulogize the elites of the ruling group in the early Ming Dynasty and praise chastity women, which is probably the concentrated expression of his "orthodox" literature. But the progress that history has made, that is, it is still difficult to reverse it by force. Therefore, even in Song Lian, there are two sides.

Song Lian had a close friendship with Yang Weizhen in the late Yuan Dynasty. After Yang died in the early Ming Dynasty, he wrote an epitaph for him, praised Yang's literary talent and achievements, and even described his "broad-minded" and "worldly-playing" life mode in a rather tolerant tone, which was quite incompatible with his rigorous theory. In addition, he also has some essays, which respect the reality of life, so he is closer to the real human nature while promoting some moral concepts. For example, Biography of Wang Mian describes the mental outlook of a "madman" at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and the paragraph describing the reading situation of young people in Wang Mian at the beginning is quite interesting:

Wang Mian is from Zhuji. When I was seven or eight years old, my father ordered me to herd cattle, steal into the school house and listen to the students' endorsements. Listen to yourself and learn from your memory. Come back at dusk and forget about its cow. It's as good as ever to take Niu Guaitian and make my father angry. Mother said, "My son is so stupid that he doesn't listen to anything?" Because the crown is gone, I live by the monk temple. Sneak out at night, sit on the Buddha's lap and read with the ever-burning lamp. There are many clay dolls in the Buddha statue, which are hideous and creepy. Guaner, if you don't see it.

Another example is Lu Pizi's Epitaph, which introduces in detail Chen Qiao's ideological achievement of "transmitting sound by screen and taking classics as one's own". Zhu Xi's Biography of Yimin is well written because the author can take a sympathetic attitude towards different personalities. The preface to seeing Ma Sheng off in Dongyang describes the hardships of studying in poverty in the early years, and it is also very real and touching.

Song Lian's prose is concise and elegant, with few embellishments. But occasionally some descriptive fragments can be written quite beautifully. Various styles often have their own characteristics, which shows that changes are not so rigid. Generally speaking, his writing style is close to moral norms, and he has high language accomplishment and skillful skills, so he can be a model of literary fashion in the early Ming Dynasty.

Sadly for Song Lian, Zhu Yuanzhang did not admit that he was a "great scholar" at all, but called him a "scholar" in an insulting tone (see Biography of Gui Yanliang in Ming Dynasty). Because in Zhu Yuanzhang's political system, there can be no more "great Confucianism"-the ideological director of society, and the emperor himself is the ideological director. Song Lian died innocently in the end, which also reflected the harshness of politics in the early Ming Dynasty.

[Edit this paragraph] Preface to Sending Ma Sheng to Dongyang and its translation

original text

I was addicted to [1] when I was young. If the family is poor, there is no way [2] to publish a book [3] to read. Every time I borrow a book from the library [4], I will take my own notes and count the days. It's cold, the inkstone is hard, the fingers can't bend and stretch, and they are lazy [5]. Send it away after recording, and dare not exceed the appointment [6]. So most people will lend me books so that I can read all kinds of books. Crown [7] is also the way of saints. Suffering from [8] ownerless celebrities and tourists [9], I tried [10] to go to [1 1] a hundred miles away, and I went from my hometown to [12] to ask questions [13]. Xianda Delong looked at the statue [14], and his disciples filled his room [15], and his words did not drop slightly [16]. Yu Lishi assisted the suspect [17] and leaned over to ask questions [18]; Or when he scolds [19], the more respectful and polite he is [20], and he dare not say a word back [21]; [22] Once you are happy, please. So I was stupid and finally learned a lot.

When I was a teacher, I dragged myself into the deep mountain valley, where the winter was poor, the wind was strong, the snow was several feet deep and my skin was chapped. When I arrived at the house [26], the four branches [27] were too stiff to move, and people [28] poured the soup and covered it for a long time. If you travel against the trend [29], the owner will eat again every day, and there is no taste of fresh fat. All the students are all embroidered, wearing hats decorated with Zhu Yingbao, wearing a circle of white jade around their waist, a sword on the left and a smelly face on the right [30], [3 1] like a god; The rest of me wears a robe [32]. In the meantime, I have no good feelings. Those who have had enough fun in it don't know that the mouth [33] is not like a person. My efforts and efforts are probably like this.

Although I am old and have no achievements, I am fortunate to be among the gentlemen. But I was honored by the son of heaven, and after I was appointed as a consultant, I had to wait for one day, and all countries called him by the wrong name. What else?

Today, students learn from imperial academy [37], county officials [38] have a little support, parents are 39 years old and Qiu Ge [39] has a legacy, and they are not afraid of freezing. Sit downstairs and recite "poems" and "books" without running around; If you have a teacher, the doctor [40] will be your teacher, and if you don't ask, don't tell, you can't ask; There should be all the books here. There is no need for others to record them and read them later. If the industry is not refined, the morality is not successful, and the nature is not inferior, then the heart is not specialized. Is it too much for others?

Dongyang Ma Shengjun spent two years in imperial academy and was called a saint by Liu Bei [4 1]. The capital of the Yu Dynasty [42] had a fellow villager. Write [43] a very long book, very eloquent. On the other hand, characters and colors are different [44]. When you say you are young, you need to make a lot of efforts to study. Yes, it can be described as a studious person. He was going home to visit his parents, and I told him about the difficulties in his studies. It is said that Yu Mian's fellow villagers are all scholars, and so is Yu. Those who scoff at my boasting about the prosperity of opportunities and are arrogant to the villagers, I'm afraid I'm the only one left!

[Edit this paragraph] Note

[1] Addiction: special hobby.

[2] No way: No way.

[3] writing a book: get a book, here refers to buying books.

[4] borrow: borrow. "Fake" also means borrowing.

[5] Fu's laziness: that is, "Fu's laziness", he does not slack off and does not relax. "Zhi" is the object of "laziness" and refers to "recording".

[6] Go: Run.

[7] overdue: beyond the agreed time limit.

[8] Coronation: In ancient times, when a man was twenty years old, he was crowned (wearing a hat) to show his manhood. This means twenty years old.

[9] Suffering from: worry and anxiety.

[10] Master: A knowledgeable teacher. Shuo, Da.

[1 1] taste: once.

[12] trend: running towards.

[13] Xianda: a moral and learned elder.

[14] Inquiry: Ask for advice. Knock on the door and ask.

Delong Wang Zun: Noble morality and prestige. Respected.

The disciples crowded his room: the students crowded his room. Master, apprentice, student. To fill, block. It means crowded here.

[17] Word color: words and faces.

[18] aid doubts: ask questions and ask the truth. Help, leadership and advice. Quality, inquiry

[19] Bend down and slant your ears to ask: Bend down and slant your ears (to show respect and concentration) for advice.

[20] reprimand: reprimand, reprimand.

[2 1] To: Deliberate.

[22] A: This refers to defense.

[23] as long as: wait.

[24] negative basket (qiè) dragging basket (xǐ): carrying the book box and dragging the shoes (indicating that the shoes are worn out).

[25] Poor winter: severe winter.

[26] chapped skin (jūn): The skin is broken due to cold and dryness.

[27] House: This refers to the school house and school.

[28] Branch: Same as "limb".

[29] Yi: refers to people who serve the people.

[30] soup: hot water.

[3 1] Lying off: water and washing. Pass "wash".

[32] Traveling against the trend: staying in a hotel. Travel backwards, hotel.

[33] Liu: sachet.

[34] Ye Ran: A radiant face.

[35] robes: worn-out clothes. Weaving, old sheep. Open and shabby.

[36] The battle of mouth and body refers to the joy of food and clothing.

[37] imperial academy: imperial academy, located in Beijing, is the highest institution of learning in China.

[38] County Decree: This refers to the imperial court. Shao Lei: Schleswig, that is, the board fee.

[39] Heritage (wèi): Give, give

[40] Teacher I and Doctor: refer to imperial academy Teacher I and Dr. imperial academy, both instructors.

Liu Dai: Same generation.

[42] Chao: This refers to the officials who are going to see the emperor after entering Beijing.

[43] Write: Same as "write". Long book: long letter. Lu: It was a gift when we first met.

[44] Yi: Peace.

[45] Prosperity of opportunity: That's good to meet. This refers to the official position.

translate

I liked studying when I was young. Because my family is poor, I can't afford to buy books. I often borrow books from people who collect books, copy them myself, and return them on an agreed date. When the weather is very cold, the water in the inkstone pool is frozen into hard ice, and the fingers can't bend and stretch, and they still don't slack off. Run and return it to others after copying, and dare not exceed the agreed time limit slightly. So most people are willing to lend me books, so I can read a lot of books. As an adult, I admire the theory of sages more and more, but I am worried that I will not be able to make knowledgeable teachers and celebrity friends. Once I ran a hundred miles away with a scripture in my hand, asking for advice from my local German and academic predecessors. His predecessors were noble and famous, and his master students crowded his room. His words and attitude have never been euphemistic. I stood beside him, asking questions, asking truth, and bowed my head to him for advice; Sometimes I am reprimanded, my expression is more respectful, my manners are more thoughtful, and I dare not answer a word; Ask him when he is happy. So although I was stupid, I finally learned a lot.

When I was looking for a teacher, I carried a book box and dragged my shoes in the old valley in the mountains. In the severe winter, the wind was cold and the snow was several feet deep, and my feet and skin were frozen and cracked. When I arrived at the school house, my limbs were frozen and I couldn't move. The servant bathed me with hot water and covered me with a quilt. It took a long time to warm up. Living in the hotel owner's place, eating two meals a day, there is no fresh, fat and delicious enjoyment. Students' scholars are all well-dressed, wearing hats decorated with pearls and treasures, with white jade rings hanging around their waists, knives on the left and sachets on the right, which are as bright as gods; I am wearing a shabby robe among them, and I am not jealous. Because there are enough things in my heart to make me happy, I don't feel that the enjoyment of food and clothing is inferior to others. It's probably my hard work and hardship. Although I am old now, I have achieved nothing, but fortunately, I am still among the gentlemen, bearing the honor of the son of heaven, following the emperor every day, waiting for inquiries, and praising my name inappropriately under the sun, not to mention anyone who can surpass me.

Now those students are studying in imperial academy, and the court provides meals every day. Parents give them leather clothes in winter and Ge clothes in summer, so don't worry about freezing and hunger. Sitting downstairs reading classics, there is no hard work; There are teachers like doctors, who ask for advice without asking themselves and get nothing; All the books you should have are concentrated here. You don't have to copy them by hand like me. You can borrow them from others before you can see them. If some of them are not proficient in their studies and have not developed their moral character, if they are not talented and have low qualifications, or if their intentions are not as single-minded as mine, can it be said that it is someone else's fault?

Dongyang Ma studied in imperial academy for two years, and his peers praised his virtue. When I went to the capital to see the emperor, Ma Sheng greeted me as a younger compatriot and wrote a long letter as a gift. He is fluent and approachable, arguing with him with gentle words and humble attitude. He himself said that he was very diligent and hard-working when he was a teenager, and he can be called a good learner! He was going home to meet his parents, so I specifically told him about my study difficulties. If I encourage fellow villagers to study hard, that is my ambition; If you slander me, brag about my experience and be proud in front of my hometown, do you know me?

[Edit this paragraph] Song Lian Classic

Song Lian emphasized that Ming Dow should seek truth from facts, study classics and strive for the unity of reason, merit and rhetoric. You Chang's prose, such as Ji Chuanru's Qin Shilu, Wang Mian's Biography and Li Yi's Biography, can grasp the details, highlight the personality, exaggerate little, but are deeply infected; Scenery such as "Preface to Peach Blossom Creek Poetry" and "Huancui Pavilion" are simple and delicate, like Ouyang Xiu. His works include New Filial Piety Classic, On Zhou Liji, Longmenzi, Hidden Creek Collection, Luoshan Collection, Puyang Character Story, Hanyuan Collection, Zhiyuan Collection and so on. It was later carved into seventy-five volumes of The Complete Works of Song and Shi Xue.

[Edit this paragraph] "Zhu Yuanzhang Tian Feng Yuan Qiu Northern Expedition"

Chi ba qi, Lu, he, Luo, Yan, qi, Qin, Jin, its way:

Since ancient times, emperors have ruled the world, living in China to control Yidi, and Yidi living outside to serve China. It is unheard of for Yidi to live in China and control the world. Since Song moved, Yuan entered China, and within four seas, he failed to submit. This manpower is a gift. At that time, you were a wise man and a good minister, enough to maintain the world. However, people with lofty ideals still have an upside-down sigh. Naturally, the courtiers in the Yuan Dynasty did not follow their ancestors' instructions and abolished evil laws, just like the great virtues abolished the long and the young. The Thai government decided to kill the king with the minister and take the brothers. As for brothers, wives, sons, fathers and concubines, it is not surprising to learn from each other. Father and son, monarch and ministers, couples, young and old are all in a mess. Madam, monarch, democracy, imperial court, the foundation of the world, etiquette, and defense against the world, how to cultivate them in future generations?

And his successor lost the way of monarch and minister and tried to be the autocratic power of the prime minister. Offering sacrifices to Thailand accused of toxic abuse, so people deserted, and soldiers all over the world rose up, so that the people of China, the dead, and the living did not care for each other. Although it is caused by personnel, it is because God got tired of its virtue and abandoned it. Guhuyun Road is once in a century. Today, I believe this is true.

At this time, the natural fortune cycle, the Central Plains is full of vitality, one trillion trillion trillion. Saints were born, Land Rover was expelled, China was restored, discipline was established, and people were freed. In this year, I haven't heard of anyone who runs the world and people, but I'm afraid of you. I'm in a place where I'm in a state of constant sadness and sadness.

Although there are several heroes in Fangjinhe, Luoguan and Shaanxi, they have forgotten the surname of China's ancestors, but they think that the name of Land Rover as an animal is a good name. Fake yuan number to help the private, rely on the public to want the monarch, rely on the mausoleum to control the power of the DPRK, and this Heluo people also; Or many people are weak, blocking soldiers according to risks, bribing and indulging famous ministers, aiming to raise their own strength and avoid gaps. This is also a person who closes Shaanxi. At the beginning, both of them were in the name of catching demon people, that is, military power. And the demon people have been destroyed, the military power has been gained, the ambition is arrogant, and there is no intention to respect the Lord and protect the people. They devour each other, which is extremely harmful to the people. They are not the masters of China.

Given Ben Huai right cloth, because of the chaos in the world, he was pushed by the public and led his troops to cross the river, living in Jinling and the natural barrier of the Yangtze River. It's been three years now. West to Bashu, east to the sea, south to Fujian and Vietnam, south to Hunan, Hunan, and Huaihe River, Xupi, are all within the territory. I have a choice and a south. The people have more sense of security, more food, more elite soldiers, and take care of their strings and arrows. I am deeply sorry to see that the people of the Central Plains have no owners for a long time. Respect for destiny, dare not be quiet, just want to send troops to the north to chase, save the people from fire and water, and restore the dignity of Han officials. If you are worried about the unknown, you will be my enemy. If you go to the north, you will be particularly drowned. Therefore, the first warning: Enemy at the Gates, people should not avoid it. Order to be serious and don't make mistakes. Those who belong to me will brave China, and those who carry me will flee from the Great Wall. Cover my people in China, and God will order my people in China to live in peace. What can I do to cure them? I'm afraid that the pollution in the middle earth has been going on for a long time, and the people are living in poverty. Therefore, I will lead a group of heroes to clear the scene, aiming at expelling Land Rover, eliminating riots, and letting all the people find their proper positions and avenge the shame of China. People will wait and see!

For example, Mongolia and Semu people, although not Chinese, also have people who were born in the same world and are willing to be subjects, just like those who were raised in midsummer. Therefore, I inform you that I think it is appropriate to know.

[Edit this paragraph] Philosopher

The excerpts of this work have been included in Lesson 24 of Chinese, Volume 2, Grade 2, published by People's Education Publishing House.

Philosophers' Debate on Xunzi

pipe

Yanzi

Laozi

Wen Zi

Guanyinzi

Kangcangzi

Deng Xi zi

pipe

Purple flower seed

Liezi

Ceng Zi

Yanzi

Zisizi

Shenzi

Zhuangzi

Mozi

Guiguzi

grandchild

Wuzi

Weiliaozi

Yin wenzi

Shangzi

Gongsunlongzi

xunzi

Chinese character

Yan Danzi

Kongcongzi

Huainan Lie Hong solution

Yang zifa's words

Baopuzi

Liu Zi

Wenzhongzi

Tianyuko

Xuanzhenzi

Jinhuazi

Qi Qiuzi

graupel

Zhou Zi

Tongshuzi

The story of Cheng Zizhi

[Edit this paragraph] Descendants of Song Lian

There are two genealogies of Song Lian's descendants today, the Song family genealogy in Changling (Songzhai in Hengxi Town, Lanxi City, Song Lian's grandson and great-grandson in Dasi Village) and the Song family genealogy in Qianxi (Song Lian's grandson in Xiaxiqian Village, Hengxi Town), which were written in Zhejiang Daily, Kujin Tan and Lanxi Daily as textual research on Song Lian's descendants' ancestral home. In May, 2000, a genealogy of Jingzhao Songshi (Lanxi) was found in the Summary of Genealogy Collected in Shanghai Library published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, which solved the eternal mystery of Song Lian Sun Songgao's whereabouts and played a very important role in studying Song Lian's life and Zhejiang East School. According to reports, the genealogy was compiled by Tan Yong and others in the Qing Dynasty, and the movable-type book 19 (1839), 1 volume, 1-5 volume were collected in the Qing Dynasty.

Textual research on ancestral home of Song Lian's descendants

Song Lian's ancestor was Song Xian. In the Tang Dynasty, he moved from Jingzhao to Xing Wu, then to Wu Shang (Yiwu) in Wuzhou, and Jinhua to Puyang. He moved to his ancestral home and moved from Puyang to Lanxi in the Ming Dynasty. His family lives in Jufengyan, Hengshan Township, Chengnan 15. Song Lian, a famous minister in the Ming Dynasty, was an ancestor. Volume one, family rules, etc. , in the Ming Dynasty, Fang Xiaoru wrote "Ode to Mr. Millennium", which was praised by Er Ru, and the rest contained genealogy and genealogy. The genealogy is now in Shanghai Library. News came from the Songjia Courtyard in Lanxi, the hometown of Song Lian's descendants, that they would repair the Songjia Temple and build the Song Lian Memorial Hall together with all Song Lian descendants and relevant departments. I believe that the descendants of Sun Song, Song Lian, will find this genealogy "Jingzhao Song Family Tree" to play a certain role in promoting this. The recently published Zhejiang Genealogy Catalogue contains five genealogies of Song Lian's descendants.

The summary is as follows:

1. [Lanxi] Song family tree in Changling, Puyang: 16 volumes/Song series. -1945 Sanjintang movable type book. -16 volume. -The title of the book is subject to the title page. -12 revised ancestor: Bocheng, published in Fucheng, Yanzhou (now Meicheng Town, jiande city) in Song Dynasty. Ancestor: Xin Ming (1369 ~ 1402) moved from Yicheng, Pujiang County to Songzhai Natural Village, Changling Village, Lanxi City (now Songzhai Village, Hengxi Town). This spectrum was compiled in the 11th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1654). The lineage was repaired to the 79 th century, and the rank word was a text. From the 4th1position, this tribe is: Wanfujun, the head of Yaqing Square, Yinfu Road, Anze Lianxie Qing Hong Yongrong, the holy Zhen Xiang Rui Yong Fu Shou Long Ci and Jishan Hou Xianwen Zong. Volume one: origin, genealogy, images, chronology; Volume II: Spreading favorable comments and discussing contracts; Volumes 3 and 4: pedigree map; Volume 5 ~ 15: line transmission; Volume 16: tomb map, contractual aid. Precious historical materials: negotiation and assistance. Solicitation units: Song Qixin and Song Laijin from Songzhai Village, Hengxi Town, Lanxi City.

Second, [Jinhua] Jinhua Song genealogy: □□ Volume. -1927 Woodworking Movable Type Edition. -6 volumes. -one to six volumes. -the title of the book is subject to the end of the volume. Ancestor: Xian Zi Bing, Tang Wude period (6 18 ~ 626). Ancestor: Kai, surnamed Chuan, moved from Pujiang County to Jimashan Village (now township) in Jinhua County (now Jindong District of Jinhua City) in the Song Dynasty. The lineage was revised to the 24 th century, and the ranking words were letters. The ranking words of this tribe began from the sixth generation: advocating Zeng Shouqing's wisdom and belief in Ruihua, and paying tribute to Jia Bin's beauty, benevolence, righteousness and courtesy by Ang Wei Rong. Volume 1: map of ancient tombs; Volume 2: genealogy map; Volume 3-6: line 1.

Third, [Lanxi] Song genealogy in western Guizhou: four volumes/Song and other editors. -1923 Tongletang woodcut. -4 volumes. -The title of the book is subject to the title page. -10 The ancestor of the revised edition: Xian, the word Bingguo, Tang Wude (6 10) The ancestor: Zan, moved from Xiaomenqiao Village (now Zhengzhai Town) in Gande Township, Pujiang County to Zhangshutan Village (now Zhengzhai Town) in Tonghua Township in the 13th year of Ming Hongwu (1380). This score was first compiled in the Ming Dynasty. The lineage was revised to the 32nd century, and the ranking word remained unchanged. This tribe has been ranked first since18th century: Kaiti Chunhuaiyun Gong Ke was replaced by Hou Xilun Jigangchang. Volume 1: music sequence, score, image praise, linearity; The second volume: lineage map, house map, sacrificial property and negotiation; Volume 3: Line introduction, line transmission; Volume 4: Line biography.

Precious historical materials: negotiation. Collection unit: Song Yongjian, Xiaxiqian Village, Hengxi Town, Lanxi City.

Four, Pujiang Song genealogy: fourteen volumes. -1945 wooden movable type book. -14 volume. -the title of the book was sealed. -10 revised book moved to ancestors: Zisip, Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty (1522 ~ 1566) This spectrum was compiled in the 11th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1654). The lineage was revised to 3 1 century, and the rank word was Yin. Since17th century, the ranking of this tribe is as follows: Wen Zi is a great country, which was inherited by the ancestor Yuan De Shao Shi Yin Qi Gong Huai and assisted by Xi Yule Tian Liang. Volume 1: Jiabao, genealogy, ancestral portraits, epitaphs, genealogy examples; Volume two: like praise and biography; Volume 3: Like praise, biography, longevity preface and poetry; Volume IV: Sacrificial ceremony, sacrificial covenant, silver aid, land property, tomb map and grave map; Volumes 5 and 6: genealogy; Volume 6 ~ 14: Biography.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) [Songyang] The genealogy of the Song family in Jingzhao County, Zhu Zhu: two volumes. -Qing Xuantong's three-year wooden movable type book (19 1 1). -1volume. -save two volumes. -The ancestor of calligraphy: the third son Tao of Lian. Ancestor: In the Ming Dynasty (1436 ~ 1449), he moved from Songyang County to (now Tian Village, Sandu County). This spectrum was first compiled in the sixth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1856). The lineage was revised to the eighteenth century, and the ranking was correct. The first rank of this tribe are: Ji Cheng (Xian), Ye Daozi, Heng Wen, Yun Xian (Li), Jia Cheng, Zheng Qi, Yuan De, Ren Hezhi. Volume II: Descent. Solicitation unit: Song Fahua, Damao Village, Banqiao She Nationality Township, Songyang County

The preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Yang was included in the ninth grade Chinese textbook of China People's Publishing House and the eighth grade Chinese textbook of People's Education Press.

Song Lian) tasting wine with guests, and the emperor's envoy made people investigate. The next day, I asked Lian if he had drunk yesterday, who he was sitting with and what he was eating. It's fantastic. He smiled and said, "It's true that you don't bully me." I called the county magistrate and asked him if he was good. I only asked those who praised him and said, "I know good people, my friends;" You can't know what's bad. "Master Confucianism Tai Su wrote more than ten thousand words. The emperor was angry and asked his courtiers. Or refer to his book, "This is disrespectful and this slander is illegal." When asked, he said, "He is loyal to your majesty's ear, and your majesty will say it. Evil may be a deep sin. "Now that the emperor has read his book, he has enough readers. Knowing that the courtiers were called to reprimand him, he shouted, "This is a small scene, and there are only a few mistakes. "Ming History-Song Lianchuan")

Song Lian once had a drink with a guest, and the emperor secretly sent someone to look for a detective to check. The next day, the emperor asked Song Lian if he had drunk yesterday. Who is the guest in the seat? What is food? Song Lian answered all the facts. The emperor smiled and said, "That's true. Don't lie to me. " The emperor occasionally asked the quality of ministers, and Song Lian only mentioned those good ministers. When the emperor asked him why, Song Lian replied: "Good ministers make friends with me, so I know them;" Those bad people (I don't associate with them, so) can't understand them. "Master Tai Su of Confucianism wrote more than ten thousand words on the paper. The emperor was furious and questioned the courtiers. Someone pointed to the monument of Ru Taisu and said, "There is disrespect here, and the criticism here is illegal. "(The Emperor) asked Song Lian and replied," He is only loyal to His Majesty. Your majesty is speaking in public. How can he be responsible? " Soon, the emperor read the paper of Confucianism, which is worthy of adoption. Invited all courtiers to reprimand, so he called Song Lian and said, "(If) there is no Jing Lian, (I) almost misjudged the person who advised. "

Song Lian is eager to learn.

I liked studying when I was young. If the family is poor, there is no way to read this book. Every time you leave the bookstore, you should take notes and count the days when you pay back the money. It's cold, the inkstone is hard, and fingers can't bend and stretch. After copying, please go back to China, and dare not exceed the agreed time limit slightly. So most people will lend me books so that I can read all kinds of books.