On the actions of China government in Xinjiang in modern times.

Since the founding of New China, according to the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), the central government has made it a basic national policy to help the frontier ethnic minority areas develop politics, economy and culture and take the road of common prosperity for all ethnic groups in China.

Increase investment in fixed assets in Xinjiang. Among the ten Five-Year Plans formulated and implemented by the central government, infrastructure construction projects, agricultural basic development projects and modern industrial system construction projects in Xinjiang have always been listed as national key projects, and a series of preferential and special policies have been issued to ensure the smooth implementation of the plans. Since the founding of New China more than 50 years ago, with the strong support of the state, Xinjiang has carried out large-scale investment and construction. From 1950 to 200 1, the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society has reached 5151500 million yuan, of which the central government invested 266.223 billion yuan, accounting for 5.365438+ of the total investment in the same period. More than 90,000 projects have been completed and put into operation, including large and medium-sized projects 178, and a large number of projects that have a significant impact on Xinjiang's economic development, laying a solid foundation for supporting Xinjiang's sustained economic growth.

Give great financial support to Xinjiang. According to preliminary statistics, from 1955 when Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was founded to 2000, the central government's financial subsidies to Xinjiang totaled 87.7438 billion yuan. Especially since 1996, with the strengthening of the financial resources of the central government and the implementation of the strategy of developing the western region, the general financial subsidies given by the central government to Xinjiang have increased year by year:15.907 billion yuan in 1996,16.838 billion yuan in 1997, and180./kloc-. In 2000, it was119.02 million yuan, and in 2006, it was183.82 million yuan. The central government has also increased capital investment and support through various special financial transfer payments and financial transfer payments for ethnic preferential policies.

Support the government of the autonomous region to actively use loans from international financial organizations and foreign governments. By the end of 20001,with the support and arrangement of the central government, the autonomous region has completed and is implementing 22 World Bank loan projects, with a total investment of1798.95 million US dollars, which is equivalent to RMB14931280,000 yuan at the current exchange rate, allowing three Chinese-foreign joint ventures to use loans from the Asian Development Bank. With loans of US$ 465,438+0,067 million provided by several countries and government financial organizations such as Canada, 68 projects have been implemented and completed. Making full use of loans from international organizations and foreign governments has played a positive and important role in promoting Xinjiang's economic development.

Oil and gas development benefits Xinjiang. Xinjiang is rich in oil and natural gas resources. Since the founding of New China, the central government has adhered to the policy of large-scale oil and gas exploration, development and investment to promote the economic development of Xinjiang, benefiting people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang. In order to realize the strategic idea of building Xinjiang into the largest petrochemical base in China, the central government has increased its investment in oil and gas exploration and development in Xinjiang year by year, with an investment of181960,000 yuan in 2000 and 29.223 billion yuan in 2000. The "West-to-East Gas Transmission Project" with Xinjiang as the main gas source has started, and the planned investment exceeds 654.38+0.20 billion yuan.

The rapid development of petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industry not only meets the demand of Xinjiang's economic development for energy and petrochemical products, but also strongly promotes the development of machinery, transportation, communication, construction, electric power, water conservancy, agriculture, food and textile, chemical industry, plastics, rubber, medicine and other industries, which has stimulated the growth of service industry and had a significant impact on the formation and upgrading of Xinjiang's regional economic structure. Greatly promoted the increase of the employed population. Only Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture has added more than 18% employees every year with the development of Tarim Oilfield since 1994. Greatly promoted the process of urbanization. A number of new oil cities such as Karamay, Dushanzi, Fudong and Zepu have been built on the Gobi Desert, and the modernization process of cities such as Urumqi, Korla, Fukang and Luntai has been accelerated. It has strongly supported the development of local economy. Xinjiang Karamay, Turpan-Hami, Tarim and other major oil fields and major petrochemical enterprises such as Zepu, Dushanzi, Urumqi and Karamay give full play to the advantages of talents, capital and technology, support local enterprises, and invest in the construction of a desert oil highway running through the north and south of Taklimakan Desert. It was built by Tarim Oilfield with an investment of 785 million yuan. The development of petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industries in Xinjiang has also increased a lot of revenue for Xinjiang's finance. The "West-to-East Gas Transmission" alone can increase Xinjiang's fiscal revenue by more than 654.38 billion yuan every year, which has made great contributions to the development of various undertakings in Xinjiang.

Formulate preferential policies to promote the development of Xinjiang. Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the central government has given Xinjiang a favorable position in economic development and various policies. Introduce relevant laws and regulations to implement the strategy of opening up along the border, and give Xinjiang and other western regions eight preferential policies to expand opening up; It is proposed to do a good job in the construction of grain and cotton production bases in Xinjiang, and to build "three north" (northeast, north and northwest) shelterbelts and sand control projects; Implement various preferential policies to support economic development in poverty-stricken areas; Build border roads and improve supporting road facilities at border crossings; Accelerate the comprehensive management of ecology and water resources in Tarim River, and give priority to the development of resources development and infrastructure construction projects in Xinjiang; We will implement a standardized central financial transfer payment system, gradually increase financial support, and increase the proportion of national policy loans, loans from international financial organizations, and loans from foreign governments. In 20001year, the central government stipulated and put forward 68 specific preferential policies in 18 aspects in the notice on the implementation opinions of some policies and measures for the development of the western region. According to these regulations of the state, the government of the autonomous region has formulated and promulgated the Implementation Opinions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Relevant Issues Concerning Preferential Tax Policies for Western Development, and issued ten specific preferential tax policies to attract domestic and foreign enterprises and farmers and herdsmen to participate in Xinjiang's social infrastructure, ecological environment protection projects, advantageous and characteristic industries, high-tech industries and other fields.

Transport and train outstanding professional and technical personnel for Xinjiang. Since the founding of New China, in view of the remoteness and backwardness of Xinjiang and the lack of high-quality talents, the state has allocated, mobilized and encouraged more than 800,000 mainland intellectuals and professional technicians to work in Xinjiang, and sent a large number of university graduates, scientific and technological personnel and highly educated professionals to industries such as industry, agriculture, education, culture, scientific research and medical and health care. These talents have made outstanding contributions to the modernization of Xinjiang.

Since 1989, the central government has organized more than 80 mainland universities to support Xinjiang, * * * recruited undergraduates 10000 from Xinjiang minority universities, trained 640 graduate students, trained more than 860 teachers and administrative cadres of minority education, trained minority economic and business management cadres 1400, and sent a certain number of ethnic minorities to visit. Since 2000, 12 developed cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dalian, Qingdao, Ningbo, Suzhou, Wuxi, etc. have held Xinjiang senior high school classes in their provincial key high schools, enrolling 1540 Xinjiang minority students every year, and the government gives financial subsidies to these students.

Other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China have given great support to Xinjiang. For decades, various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have provided a lot of technical and talent support for Xinjiang. With the backward development of industrial enterprises in Xinjiang, the central government moved all the enterprises and factories in the more developed areas along the southeast coast to Xinjiang, transferred engineering and technical personnel from the mainland to enrich the newly-built key enterprises in Xinjiang, and sent a large number of ethnic minority workers to advanced enterprises in the mainland for further study and internship, thus cultivating a backbone team of engineering and technology in Xinjiang in a short time. Since the reform and opening up, with the gradual establishment of the socialist market economic system, the economic and technological cooperation and exchanges and the mutual flow of talents between Xinjiang and its sister provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the mainland have been increasing and expanding. Market-oriented, capital-linked, characterized by "logistics" and "talent flow" and based on the principle of complementary advantages, the new form of supporting Xinjiang's economic and social development has developed rapidly. Especially in recent years, according to the requirements of the central authorities, more than 20 developed provinces and cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Shandong, and Zhejiang have provided counterpart support to various cities and prefectures in Xinjiang, and achieved remarkable results.