Research records of "How to develop students' writing skills"

The cultivation of primary school students' writing ability is a long-term and step-by-step process, which has very strict requirements on our teachers. Not only must you have a childlike innocence, love, and patience, but you must also have extensive knowledge and cultural heritage. Only in this way can we use a vast and personalized spiritual space to guide students to use their imagination, activate their thinking ability, and radiate creativity. At the same time, writing also requires the cooperation of teachers and students. Therefore, I believe that the basic ways to improve writing skills are: trust students, experience life, write appropriately, read and correct.

Keywords: trust, reading, life materials, childishness

Writing is a tool for people to exchange thoughts and emotions, disseminate information, and communicate public relations. Human beings have produced writing, and after entering civilized society, they cannot do without this tool. In particular, the current era has put forward such requirements for new types of talents: talents who understand both professionalism and management and are creative. An important condition for such talents is that they must have high writing skills. Therefore, as a Chinese teacher, cultivating and improving students' composition ability should be regarded as a very important task. However,

There are probably only a handful of students who feel relaxed, happy and happy about writing, while there are thousands of students who find it difficult, difficult and worried about composition. Many primary school students are afraid when encountering composition classes, so they refuse to write compositions. Some students think that they will not be writers or journalists in the future, and it does not matter whether they write essays or not, so they are unwilling to write essays. So how to get rid of this fear among primary school students? Here, I think:

1. Trust - is the key to open the door of students' hearts

Bai Juyi, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, once said: "Those who touch people's hearts must not be preceded by emotion. "The exercise is nothing more than asking students to write out their innermost feelings and express their true feelings. As a teacher, you can only treat students as true friends. You often chat with students inside and outside class, talking about your childhood interesting things and good reading habits. Students will be inspired and work hard to develop such habits. At the same time, we should listen to the children's worries and share their happiness, so that the children can eliminate their vigilance and trust the teacher. In this way, they dare to express themselves in their compositions.

Another manifestation of trust is that teachers should give students the initiative in writing, that is, encourage students to practice writing freely. Free practice means that primary school students are free to write without being restricted by any subject matter or genre. From the psychology of primary school students, they may prefer to write diaries and other things, but they are never willing to let anyone read them. Because many times, with the hope of being understood and shared by elders such as teachers and parents, after expressing some inner thoughts to others, the elders often think that their thoughts have gone astray. As a result, not only are they not understood, but they are also harshly taught. After a while. Under such circumstances, how can students dare to express their opinions freely?

Furthermore, primary school students are very playful, and it is useless to talk to them about reasoning. Many teachers suppress and restrict their freedom, which often has no good results. I think the correct way is to guide them through entertainment methods so that they can understand and consciously accept some better ideas. While having fun, voluntarily learn something and feel the fun of learning and playing at the same time. Teachers can encourage students to prepare a "collection of essays" outside class and ask students to write a preface to the anthology. They can write a free composition every week. If they cannot write it, they can excerpt and write a good article. The teacher does not need to make detailed corrections, but only needs to write some words of encouragement, so that students will gradually like to write and take the initiative to practice writing. Students' thinking is active, sensitive and rich. They experience ordinary life with their hearts and write their thoughts and emotions into "collections". At the same time, their observation, expression and organizational abilities are improved accordingly.

2. Experience - is the driving force behind students' writing inspiration

Montessori said: "Only in children can we realize the majesty of nature." Because children Have a curious heart, a pair of eyes good at discovery, and an imaginative brain. Therefore, teachers should give full play to their strengths, guide them to love life, see the world and feel life with childlike innocence.

Mysterious natural landscapes and colorful social life provide an inexhaustible source of composition for primary school students. Bees make honey first by collecting countless nectar from flowers. Students must write excellent compositions. You should be like a little bee collecting rich nectar from the colorful life and the vast sea of ??books. Mr. Wei Shu, a well-known Chinese language teaching expert, is a high-level teacher who guides students to observe life and write good articles. He said: "The source of composition teaching is the accumulation of life. It is difficult for a clever woman to make a meal without rice." Therefore, teachers should create a way to mine and accumulate composition materials. various activities in important ways. For example, planting flowers, plants and trees allows students to understand the growth process of plants; raising insects, fish, birds and beasts to understand the living habits of animals; visiting relatives and friends to communicate and understand others; participating in housework and charity activities to experience the taste of labor, etc. Many students think that life is ordinary and there are no earth-shattering events. Therefore, through these activities, students can start from loving life. In the process of contacting society, school, and family, they can activate their thinking, cultivate their sentiments, increase their talents, and experience and absorb from their feelings. Composition materials, thereby stimulating students' desire to express and write.

In the process of contacting society, teachers should seize the opportunity to train students' observation ability according to the situation, teach them various observation methods, set observation locations, reveal the key points of observation, so as to actively understand life , familiar with life, reflecting life. Czech educator Comenius once said: "A person's wisdom comes from observing real things in heaven and earth, and the knowledge gained in this way is solid." It can be seen that observation is the prerequisite for the content of the composition to be concrete, profound and true. There was a Chinese teacher who was teaching a class. This was not a Chinese class. Suddenly the sky turned dark and a strong wind blew. Seeing that the students' attention had shifted to the window, the teacher seized the opportunity, stopped teaching, and simply asked the students to observe the sky quietly. From the dark clouds to the wind to the rain and then to the raindrops, the students all saw it. Then the teacher inspired them to write down what they just saw and thought to make a good article. Sure enough, the composition this time was even more successful than the composition class, and I handed in excellent compositions one after another.

Furthermore, it is best to allow students to use nature as their teacher, allowing students to feel and experience while doing exercises, so that the effect will be better. I remember that when I was writing "Campus in Autumn", I took my students around the entire campus, and I asked them: "What is your first impression of the campus?" "Beautiful." "Fresh air." "Lively." Classmates Door scrambled to answer. I asked again: "Why do you feel beautiful and the air is fresh?" "I know there are many flowers, plants and trees on campus, so it is beautiful." "Trees can purify the air. There are many trees in the school, so the air is fresh." In this way, we Discussing while walking. Finally, when I came to a large flower bed, I suddenly asked them to describe it. "So beautiful!" A classmate said first. "All kinds of flowers are vying for beauty. They are so beautiful." Another classmate said. I said, "Who can tell me about their posture." "He lowered his head, as if he were sleeping." Everyone burst out laughing, and I laughed too: "Yes, this flower does have its head lowered. This child saw it. It's different." I then asked, "Can you be more specific?" Everyone was observing and thinking. After a while, the monitor rushed to say: "Some of them raised their heads and looked at the sun, some hugged each other in two or three, some looked out, and some lowered their heads, like a shy little girl." "How do you feel?" "It's very similar." "Okay!" "Yes, great," I said happily, "You observed the flowers very carefully, and you also made the flowers come alive, with human vitality. "Just like that, chatting and chatting, time passed unknowingly. The students not only had a lot of fun, but also gradually learned to observe things around them.

The final article written is specific, vivid, vivid and emotional.

In short, we need to let students learn to observe and at the same time give students an opportunity to experience nature. Don’t give boring lectures or boring indoctrination. Start from satisfying students’ curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and let them personally In terms of feelings, students find it easy to write essays. They not only want to write, but also want to write well.

3. Appropriate "degree" - a step to bring students' creative level to a higher level

Writing a good composition is not just about teaching theoretical concepts, but about Students undergo some "degree" training to improve the overall level of composition teaching.

The first is speed training. Many primary school students write very slowly, mainly due to lack of concentration when writing, inhibited thinking, lack of urgency and time concept, etc. This can be done by letting students Write a composition of a certain number of words within a limited time to overcome inert thinking, increase the sense of urgency, and speed up writing.

Some primary school students always write non-specific compositions and specialize in short essays. A certain length of training will help students make their compositions concrete and vivid. Students' abilities can be trained through the following methods: 1. Expand general short articles into longer articles;

2. Give full play to imagination to add many details to simple short articles to make them concrete; 3. , change ancient poems into concrete and vivid narratives.

Digressions, off-topics, inappropriate ideas, and inappropriate details often occur in students' compositions. This requires limit training, that is, limiting a certain range, limiting topics, etc. Through regular practice, students can establish the center and their ability to select materials around the center is greatly enhanced. The approximate number of words can also be limited according to different requirements of the composition, so that the length of the student's composition is neither too long nor too short, and at the same time, it can avoid Produce the disadvantages of inappropriate details.

In addition, precision training is carried out. Common mistakes in primary school students' compositions are typos, typos, partial characters, improper punctuation, wrong sentences, inappropriate metaphors, exaggeration, etc., and the accuracy is not high. In response to this phenomenon, teachers can ask students to revise several short passages containing various errors and guide students to: 1. Check whether the center is clear and delete words and sentences that are irrelevant to the center; 2. Check whether the layout is reasonable and make appropriate adjustments. ; 3. Correct incorrect sentences, typos, typos, etc., and also pay attention to whether the punctuation marks are correct, and correct errors and omissions.

Teach students a set of basic writing methods. Don’t be impatient. Don’t ask students to learn and master everything after two or three compositions. Just let students learn one or two writing skills after one composition. . Over time, with more practice, students will naturally learn more writing skills and become more proficient.

4. Reading - is a necessary stage for students to create excellent articles

It is not enough for students to have the interest and materials for writing, they also need to have a certain ability to use language. Express your own knowledge, emotions and experiences in vivid language.

Su Shi once said: "The way to learn is to accumulate thickly and gradually." The process of familiarity is the process of "thick accumulation". "Read three hundred Tang poems by heart, and you can recite them even if you don't know how to compose them." "Reading thousands of volumes, writing is like a spirit." That is to say, the relationship between reading and writing. In fact, reading is an important part of Chinese language ability training and improvement.

In the process of reading, you can develop your sense of language and perceive the knowledge and rules of Chinese characters. You can not only become "proficient" in the organizational structure of the article, but also broaden your horizons, train your thinking, and increase your knowledge during the reading process.

(1) Start with textbooks to stimulate interest in reading

For primary school students, the composition requirements are not high, but their reading ability must be cultivated. Therefore, before teaching teaching materials, teachers must carefully design the introduction process, or use concise and vivid introductions, or use teaching aids to bring students into the subject situation. Let students get in touch with the topic, create suspense, and generate curiosity and thirst for knowledge. During teaching, we first give careful guidance, so that students can gradually understand new words as the reading activities unfold, remove obstacles, and feel successful. The "New Curriculum Standards" point out: "Reading is an important way to collect and process information, understand the world, develop thinking, and gain aesthetic appreciation and experience." This concept requires teachers to guide students to make full use of text illustrations to help reading and establish representations of words and things. At the same time, it mobilizes students' life experience to spread the wings of association, integrate into the context of the text while reading, and regard themselves as a character in the text. Follow the author to travel, see the spaceship and Chang'e, listen to their dialogue, and feel the sister Chang'e's Surprise and kindness, feel the joy and pride of the spaceship brother. In this way, students' moods will change with the changes in the context and characters of the text, and they will naturally read the true feelings contained in the text. At the same time, students in lower grades will also learn to understand. Through reading, children can realize their instinctive requirements for interacting with others, exploring problems, listening to stories, and experiencing the joy of reading. Students are exposed to composition, and composition skills and ideas are taught in daily reading teaching. Composition training is carried out at the same time as reading, so that reading teaching and the cultivation of writing ability are closely coordinated and carried out at the same time, which is conducive to improving the quality of Chinese teaching and improving students' writing ability. . Therefore, in reading teaching, attention should be paid to thinking training, and attention should be paid to guiding students to understand the author's expression skills, using reading to promote writing, and using reading to understand writing, so as to cultivate composition ability. For example, there is a parallel sentence in the article "Zhaozhou Bridge" that describes the various sounds made by seabed animals, "Some... some... some... and some..." This sentence should be grasped in teaching to let students In imitation, students use their accumulated knowledge and imagination to describe something vivid and attractive. Some describe the shape of clouds in the sky, and some describe the shape of mountains. In this way, through teachers' lectures and students' practice, students can deepen their understanding of the concrete and vivid images of things described in parallel sentences, and transform the language of the book into their own language. For another example, in the lesson "Speaking of Tea", the focus of text reading is to segment the text according to several aspects of things. Teachers can use the practice method of summarizing and subdividing to cultivate students' practice ability. Through careful reading, they can grasp the center of the full text and Clarify their thoughts. When students are in a state of high excitement about acquiring knowledge, immediately guide students' thoughts to practice exercises, point out the common off-topic problems in writing, and assign an article "What I Like..." and ask them to classify things according to the situation. Write in several aspects, and use the method of summary and summary. This will not only make the composition simple for students, but also of high quality.

(2) Go beyond the textbooks and make extracurricular reading a part of learning

As we all know, three-thirds of the formation of writing ability comes from inside the class and seventy-fourths from outside the class. For this reason, the new curriculum standard Extracurricular supplementary readings are highly recommended. Therefore, teachers should first be good at understanding students, and introduce some student life readings to students in the form of storytelling according to their age characteristics and interests, such as fairy tales, fables, popular science knowledge, etc. Teachers can also choose the most exciting parts to explain , arouse students' interest, and then guide students to read by themselves and develop the habit of conscious reading. In addition, you can intentionally introduce to students the stories of revolutionary leaders, scientists, historical figures and other celebrities who love reading to stimulate students' enthusiasm for extracurricular reading. During writing training, promptly praise students in the class who love reading or have made great progress in writing, and ask them to talk about their gains in extracurricular reading to stimulate other students' interest in reading.

Again, parents and teachers don’t have to worry about extracurricular reading delaying students’ “normal” learning time. They should look further ahead. If they compress textbook teaching time, control homework, and squeeze out 10-10 hours a day, 20 minutes are used for extracurricular reading, and a reading class is arranged every week, some reading lectures are held, reading materials are recommended to students, students are given instructions on reading methods, and appreciation guidance is provided. This not only ensures that students have time to read books, but also provides guidance on reading under the guidance of teachers. Next, promote students’ spiritual reading, enhance reading effect, and improve reading ability. The "Chinese Curriculum Standards" point out: "Reading is a student's personalized behavior. Teacher's analysis should not replace students' reading practice. Students should be allowed to deepen their understanding and experience through proactive thinking and emotional activities. Therefore, we It is necessary to encourage students to freely choose reading materials, promote multi-angle and creative reading, and gradually cultivate the ability of primary school students in exploratory reading and creative reading, accumulate knowledge through extensive reading, strengthen memory, and improve understanding of articles during reading. content, understand the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author, and appreciate the beauty of the article, so that students can get language training and the cultivation of composition skills.

However, it should be noted that the psychological development of primary school students is not enough. They are mature and find it difficult to persist in long-term reading activities. They have a strong desire to win and like to express their strengths in front of others. Therefore, teachers can mobilize their enthusiasm for reading and implement reading competitions in lower grades through various reading activities or competition methods. It is a good way to let students choose their favorite stories to participate in the competition. The curriculum standards also clearly require students to accumulate their favorite aphorisms. Teachers can organize students to recite and excerpt beautiful poems or chapters to reward the winners. In order to improve students' interest in reading, so that students can experience the fun and achieve the purpose of promoting writing through reading, I not only established extracurricular reading interest groups and set up reading corners, but also used class meetings to hold story meetings for students. Talk about experiences, tell stories, guess idioms, tell jokes, and stimulate students' interest in reading in various ways of thinking to improve their writing skills.

5. Correction - is a necessary means for students to improve their creations< /p>

We should change the single approach of "students write and teachers criticize" in traditional teaching, and allow students to participate in evaluation. Commonly used methods include: self-evaluation, peer evaluation by classmates, and whole-class peer evaluation. Students write comments and annotations on their compositions, and then give feedback and exchanges on their own. Sometimes disagreements can lead to heated debates, but so what? The process of debate is a process of positive thinking. I prefer the whole class to communicate with each other. . First of all, after many corrections and practices, the student not only accurately remembers the basic requirements for writing, but also has a deeper and deeper understanding of these requirements. He can instruct others on how to write and how they should not write, which naturally also increases his own ability. Secondly, everyone has the opportunity to see the compositions of multiple students, so that they can easily discover and learn from other people's strengths and weaknesses, and learn from them. Opportunities to improve writing skills and abilities.

In short, composition teaching is a science and it has very strict requirements for our teachers. Not only must you have a childlike innocence, love, and patience, but you must also have extensive knowledge and cultural heritage. However, it is also an interactive process between teachers and students, which requires the joint efforts of our teachers and students. Only in this way can composition teaching clear the fog and rush to the other side of victory.