What is the answer formula for the narrative of the senior high school entrance examination?

First, the senior high school entrance examination Chinese reading skills (1)

1, the function of the first paragraph, the function of the middle paragraph or sentence, and the function of the last paragraph.

We can answer this question from two aspects:

As for the question in the first paragraph, structurally speaking, it is to get to the point, point out the center of the article, get to the point, and get to the point. Or play a role in causing the following situations; In terms of content, it is the foreshadowing and foil for the following, paving the way for the description of the following content.

The problem in the middle part plays a bridge role in the structure.

The function of the last paragraph or sentence is to summarize the full text, point out the main idea of the article, make people remember deeply and take care of the theme.

2. What thoughts and feelings does the article express?

This needs to be answered according to the specific content of the article. Common ones are singing, praising, loving, admiring, moving, happy, longing, shock, missing, melancholy, faint sadness, regret, missing relatives at home, or boredom, hatred, pain, shame, guilt, hatred, sadness, grief, regret and so on. Between the lines of the article, we can see the feelings of the general author, some of them may be written more implicitly, and some of them are directly expressed.

3. Summarize the main idea of the article.

For this kind of topic, you must read the full text carefully several times before answering, and then you can answer with such key words: "The story of crossing ..., you praised (praised) the author's thoughts and feelings and revealed profound truth ...". We can also find from the article that in every paragraph of the article, especially the first or last sentence of the first or last paragraph, the philosophical sentences in the article are often the theme that the author wants to express.

4. What expressions are used in underlined sentences? What's the role?

When we see this type of topic, we must first look at the expression used in this sentence, which is narrative, description, explanation, discussion and lyricism. Specifically, description is divided into character description, scenery description and comprehensive scene description. Character description can also be subdivided into language description, action description, psychological description, portrait description and detail description. The function of description is to make the article vivid, vivid and touching. The use of lyricism can enhance the appeal of the article and highlight the center of the article. If there are some fairy tales, folklore and descriptions of magical scenes in nature, its function is to increase the mystery of what is written and arouse readers' interest.

5. What rhetorical devices are used in a sentence in the text? What's the role?

There are many kinds of rhetoric, and eight kinds are commonly used: metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, repetition, rhetorical question and rhetorical question. Among them, metaphor, personification, exaggeration and parallelism are the most tested. Metaphor has three functions: first, it simplifies profound truths and helps people deepen their body odor; The second is to make abstract things concrete and easy to accept; The third is to visualize the summary and give a vivid impression. The role of personification is to make readers not only have a vivid impression on the things expressed, but also feel the author's strong feelings about things. Using personification to express things you like can make them vivid and make people feel more intimate and natural. Things that show hatred can be ugly and give people a strong sense of disgust. The function of exaggeration is to deeply express the author's distinct emotional attitude towards things, thus causing readers to scream strongly; Rendering the image of things can arouse people's rich imagination and help highlight the essence and characteristics of things. The function of parallelism lies in highlighting the center of the article, expressing strong and unrestrained emotions and enhancing the momentum of language; It is an important link to improve the expression effect. There are also overlapping words and short sentences, which make the article full of rhythm, beautiful rhyme and catchy to read.

Another rhetoric is quotation. Sometimes, in reading comprehension, poems, celebrity stories and related contents in celebrity language or celebrity works will be quoted. The question will be "What is the function of the quoted content in the article?" When answering this question, we should pay attention to two key words. One is "to contrast the quality of the narrative object and highlight the spirit of the protagonist".

The above questions must be answered in combination with the specific content of the article.

6. What does a sentence in the text mean? Or tell us something profound? Please tell me your understanding.

The answer to this kind of question is not simply to find ready-made sentences from the text. This requires our students to read more and accumulate more at ordinary times, read more and remember some philosophical quotes, so as to truly understand the meaning of the article, enrich the answers and accurately express their understanding of the article in their own language.

7. Compare reading comprehension.

Sometimes exams compare articles in class with articles with similar content outside class. For this kind of topic, we can compare the content, writing characteristics and emotional tone of the article.

The above is the answer of the standard question to the narrative. Let's look at the reading comprehension of narrative.

8. Reading comprehension of explanatory texts.

For the reading comprehension of expository texts, we can grasp three points: the explanatory object, the explanatory sequence and the explanatory method. There are three kinds of instructions: including.

Chronological order, spatial order, logical order.

The most important thing is to explain the method and its function.

Commonly used interpretation methods include classification, example, analogy, enumeration of data, comparison, definition, interpretation, drawing charts, citing data and so on. Among them, classification, example, analogy, data list, comparison and so on are involved.

The function of classification is to clarify complex things.

Examples can make the content concrete and convincing.

The explanation of analogy is consistent with the metaphor in figures of speech. This method can highlight the characteristics of things and enhance the vividness and vividness of interpretation.

Column data can make what is explained more specific and make it easier for readers to understand the relevant content.

Comparison is similar to rhetorical comparison. When explaining some abstract or unfamiliar things, we can compare them with concrete or familiar things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression in comparison, and the characteristics of things often appear in comparison.

When answering questions about expository language, we should pay attention to the accuracy of the language, and the language style can be divided into plain and vivid.

Narrative and expository texts are common in the reading of senior high school entrance examination, and there are few argumentative papers, so I won't go into details because of the limited space. I hope it will be helpful to your study and exam.

Second, the senior high school entrance examination Chinese reading skills (2)

Classification of Chinese reading questions

1. Expression: narration, description, lyricism, explanation and discussion.

Second, the expression techniques: symbol, contrast, contrast, suspense setting, echo before and after, desire to promote first, express meaning by holding things, express feelings by borrowing things, associate, imagine and set off (positive contrast, negative contrast).

Third, rhetorical devices: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, quotation, rhetorical question, repetition, intertextuality, contrast, metonymy and irony.

Four, the six elements of narrative: time, place, people, the cause, process and result of things.

5. Narrative sequence: sequence, flashback and insertion.

Sixth, description angle: positive description and side description.

Methods of describing characters: language, action, manner, psychology and appearance.

Eight, the perspective of describing the scene: vision, hearing, taste and touch.

Methods of describing scenery: the combination of dynamic and static (writing static by moving), the combination of generalization and concrete, from far to near (or from near to far).

X. Description (or lyric) methods: positive (also called direct) and negative (also called indirect).

XI。 Narrative mode: general narrative and detailed description.

Twelve. Interpretation order: chronological order, spatial order, logical order.

13. explanation: examples, numbers, analogy, comparison, definition, classification, explanation, imitation and quotation.

Fourteen, the plot of the novel is divided into four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending.

Fifteen, the three elements of the novel: the character, the plot and the specific environment.

Sixteen, environmental description is divided into: natural environment and social environment.

17. Three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation.

18. Argumentation is divided into factual argument and rational argument.

Nineteen. Argumentation methods: example (or fact) argument, reason argument (sometimes called quotation argument), contrast (or positive and negative contrast) argument, metaphor argument.

20. Method of argument: argument and rebuttal (rebuttable argument, argument, argument)

Twenty-one, the structure of argumentative essay: total score, total score, total score; There are often parallel and progressive parts.

Twenty-two, the role of quotation marks: citation; Emphasize; Specific appellation; Negation, irony, irony

Twenty-three, dash usage: prompt, comment, summary, progression, topic change, interjection.

Twenty-four, others:

(A) the role of sentences in the text:

1, prefix: opening point; Render the atmosphere (narrative, novel), bury the foreshadowing (narrative, novel), and set suspense (novel) as an auxiliary foreshadowing for the following; Below the general collar;

2. In the text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above;

3. At the end of the article: point out the center (narrative, novel); Deepen the theme (narrative, novel); Pay attention to the beginning (argumentative, narrative, novel)

(2) The function of rhetoric: (1) its own function; (2) Combined with sentence context.

1, figuratively personified: vivid;

Answer format: written vividly+object+characteristics.

2, parallelism: momentum, strengthen the tone, in one go and so on. ;

Answer format: emphasis+object+characteristics.

3; Questioning: arouse readers' attention and thinking;

Answer format: arouse readers' attention and thinking about+object+characteristics

Rhetorical question: emphasis, emphasis, etc.

4. Contrast: emphasize … stand out …

5. repeatedly emphasize ... strengthen the tone.

(3)

Answer to the meaning of the sentence:

In such a topic, a word or phrase in a sentence is often expressed by metaphor, contrast, metonymy and symbol. When answering a question, reveal the object it refers to, and then clear the sentence.

(4)

Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why?

Verb: No. Because the word accurately, vividly and specifically wrote ...

Adjective: No. Because this word vividly describes ...

Adverbs (such as all, most, very only, etc. ): no. Because this word accurately describes the situation of … (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc.). ), after the change, it becomes ... not in line with the facts.

(5)

Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why?

I can't. Because (1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence) (2) this word corresponds to the above one by one (3) these words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be exchanged.

(6)

Induction of paragraph meaning

1. Narrative: Give a clear answer (when and where) to who did what.

Format: (time+place)+people+things.

2. explanatory text: the answer clearly States what the object is and what its characteristics are.

Format: description (introduction)+description object+description content (characteristics)

3. Argumentative essay: clearly answer what the question is and what the author's point of view is.

Format: What demonstration method is used to prove (demonstrate)+demonstrate?

Third, the senior high school entrance examination Chinese reading skills (3)

First, the overall perception, fast reading skills:

(1) Browse the headlines to understand the basic content: sometimes the headlines imply the main idea, which can inspire the thinking of the article and provide directions for answering questions.

(2) Determine the style (narrative, argumentative, expository and prose) and analyze the key meaning.

(3) Read the beginning and the end carefully and try to figure out the theme: The beginning and the end can often find the center of the author's expression.

Second, the answer source:

A. Select the original text, keywords or sentences in the materials (such as grasping argumentative sentences, lyrical sentences and special rhetorical sentences, key adjectives and verbs in paragraphs).

B. select the main and eliminate the secondary. In other words, summarize the sentences in your own words or materials first, and then merge and condense them, leaving key sentences.

Third, friendly tips:

1 Pay attention to the examination of the questions, understand the intention of the questioner, and answer around the requirements of the questions to prevent irrelevant answers.

(2) Identify the style and answer according to the style knowledge; Answers should be organized and standardized.

3 When opening a topic or talking about opinions and feelings, we must combine the central intention (central argument) of the article to diverge. We can appropriately extract the key sentences in the article to answer, and try our best to sum up the actual feelings and quote relevant famous sayings and aphorisms or American prose.

Fourth, the style of knowledge memorandum:

Explanatory reading

1. Clear explanation object: the explanation object can be:

A. look at the title of the article;

B. Analyze and summarize according to the contents of the explanatory paragraphs.

2. General explanation content: The explanation content of the explanation article can generally be summarized as follows: This article mainly explains the structure, shape, nature, characteristics, changes, reasons, working principles and functions of objects. (depending on what is specified for the object)

3. Make the order clear: chronological order, spatial order, logical order. The common logical sequence is:

A. from generalization to concreteness;

B. from the whole to the part;

C. from primary school to secondary school;

D. from phenomenon to essence;

E. from cause to effect;

F. from characteristics to uses.

Generally speaking, the explanation of things adopts the logical order of explanation.

4, clear explanation method:

(1) Description method: a. Definition (mode: what is what); B. examples; C. comparison; D. column number; E. analogy; F. classification; G. column chart

(2) Analyze the function of interpretation methods: a, first indicate the interpretation methods used; B, then contact the description content analysis. What characteristics does this description show?

5. Accuracy of the explanatory language answer specification: A: It can't be deleted. "xx" means …, and after it is removed, it becomes …, which affects the accuracy of the explanatory language. (Not in line with the actual situation or too absolute)

6. Clearly explain the structure of the text (as the basis for dividing levels): Common structural modes: total-sub, sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub-sub.

Argumentative reading

1, find the right argument: title, beginning, end of the article, obviously need to be concise and summarized. You can also find an argument by analyzing it. Because an argument proves an argument, analyze this argument and see what it proves. This question is an argument. Or analysis of topics, some topics are not arguments, but argumentative topics, and the author's view on the topic is the central argument.

2. Analysis of argument types: factual argument and rational argument. Test center: add an independent variable; (Stick to the argument and choose real and typical examples)

3. Clear argumentation methods: for example, truth, metaphor, comparison, and quotation. The general guidelines all use famous sayings as arguments. Metaphorical argumentation refers to the metaphorical rhetorical devices used in argumentation statements. Comparative argument generally needs to find out both positive and negative arguments. Test center: the role of analysis and argumentation: 1. Point out the demonstration methods used; 2. Analyze which viewpoint of the author is proved by this argument method. (Generally, it is the central sentence of this paragraph (the beginning of the paragraph) or the previous sentence of the argument method adopted)

4. Argumentation structure: general structure: asking questions-analyzing problems-solving problems (i.e. introduction-theory-conclusion).

5. Analyze the linguistic features (accuracy and generality) of argumentative writing.

6. Argumentative essays generally start with something, a famous saying, a fable, etc. So their role is: as an introduction, lead to the topic.

7. In argumentative writing, rhetorical questions are often used as transitions and rhetorical questions are used to express emphasis.

(1) The function of rhetorical questions is to attract readers' attention, inspire readers to think and make them think.

(2) The function of rhetorical questions (rhetorical sentences): strengthen the tone, emphasize the author's point of view and make people think.